Knowledge Map of the Virtual Economy : Converting the Virtual Economy into Development Potential
The report is structured as follows. The next section introduces the theoretical notion of a 'virtual economy' and explains how it is distinct from other Information and Communication Technology (ICT)-related economic activities. The foll...
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| Format: | Working Paper |
| Language: | English en_US |
| Published: |
World Bank, Washington, DC
2017
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/929131468346444204/Plus-knowledge-map-of-the-virtual-economy-converting-the-virtual-economy-into-development-potential http://hdl.handle.net/10986/27361 |
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okr-10986-27361 |
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| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
3G ACCESS TO MARKETS ACCESSORIES ACCOUNTING ADOPTION OF INFORMATION ADVERTISEMENTS ADVERTISING AGRICULTURE API APPLICATION PROGRAMMING APPLICATION PROGRAMMING INTERFACE ARRAYS ASSETS AUCTION BACKBONE BASIC BIDS BONDS BRAND BROADBAND BROADBAND NETWORKS BUSINESS MODEL BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY BUSINESS PROCESS BUSINESSES BUYER C2C CAPABILITY CATERING CD CHECKS COMMERCE COMMODITY COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES COMPUTERS COMPUTING CONSUMER GOODS CONSUMER RIGHTS CONSUMER-TO-CONSUMER CONSUMERS CONTENT PRODUCTION COPYING CURRENCY CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT CUSTOMER SERVICE DELIVERY METHODS DEVELOPING COUNTRY DIGITAL DIGITAL COMMUNICATION DIGITAL CONTENT DIGITAL ECONOMY DIGITAL INFRASTRUCTURE DIGITAL NETWORKS DIGITAL SERVICES DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY DIRECT MARKETING DOMESTIC MARKET DRM E-COMMERCE E-COMMERCE SITE ECOMMERCE ECOMMERCE SITES ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC HISTORY ECONOMIC SIZE ELECTRONIC PAYMENT END-USER ENTERTAINMENT ENTREPRENEURIAL OPPORTUNITIES ENTRY BARRIERS EQUIPMENT EXPENDITURE EXPERT OPINIONS EXPORTS FIXED COSTS FORECASTS FRAMEWORK FOR DEVELOPMENT FRAUD GLOBAL MARKET GROWTH POTENTIAL GROWTH RATE HACKER HACKING HARDWARE HARDWARE MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS ICT IMAGES INCOME INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE PROVIDERS INNOVATION INSTANT MESSAGING INSTITUTION INSTRUMENT INSURANCE INTANGIBLE INTERFACE INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT INTERNET SECURITY IT SERVICES LESS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES LICENSE LICENSE AGREEMENTS LICENSES LOCAL ECONOMIES MARGINAL COST MARGINAL COST OF PRODUCTION MARKET ANALYSTS MARKET CONDITIONS MARKET ENVIRONMENT MARKET MAKERS MARKET OPPORTUNITIES MARKET POTENTIAL MARKET RESEARCH MARKET RESEARCH FIRM MARKET SHARE MARKET SIZE MARKET STRUCTURE MARKET STUDY MARKET TRADE MARKET TRADING MARKETING MARKETPLACE MATERIAL MEDIA MONEY ORDER MONOPOLY NECESSARY SKILLS NEGATIVE EXTERNALITIES NETWORKING NETWORKS NEW MARKET ONLINE BUSINESSES ONLINE RETAIL ONLINE RETAILERS ONLINE SERVICES ONLINE STORE OUTSOURCING PATTERN RECOGNITION PAYMENT FLOWS PAYMENT SERVICES PAYMENT TRANSACTIONS PAYOUT PILOT PROJECTS POLITICAL ECONOMY PRIMARY MARKET PRIVATE INVESTMENTS PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT PRODUCTIVITY PUBLISHING PURCHASING QUERIES REGULATORY FRAMEWORK REGULATORY POLICY RELIABILITY RESULT RETAIL REVENUE MODEL SALE SEARCH ENGINE SEARCH RESULTS SEARCH TERM SEARCHES SECONDARY MARKET SECONDARY MARKET ACTIVITY SECONDARY MARKET TRADING SECONDARY MARKET TRANSACTIONS SERVER SERVICE MARKET SERVICE PROVIDERS SERVICES MARKET SITES SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT STOCKS SUBSTITUTE SUNK COSTS SUPERVISION SUPPLIER SUPPLY CHAINS TAXATION TELEPHONE THIRD-PARTY MARKETPLACES TRADITIONAL BUSINESS TRANSACTION TRANSFORMERS USER USER INTERFACE USERS USES VALUE ADDED VALUE CHAIN VERIFICATION VIDEO WAGES WEALTH WEB WEB CONTENT WEBSITE WHITE PAPER WHOLESALERS WORKING HOURS |
| spellingShingle |
3G ACCESS TO MARKETS ACCESSORIES ACCOUNTING ADOPTION OF INFORMATION ADVERTISEMENTS ADVERTISING AGRICULTURE API APPLICATION PROGRAMMING APPLICATION PROGRAMMING INTERFACE ARRAYS ASSETS AUCTION BACKBONE BASIC BIDS BONDS BRAND BROADBAND BROADBAND NETWORKS BUSINESS MODEL BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY BUSINESS PROCESS BUSINESSES BUYER C2C CAPABILITY CATERING CD CHECKS COMMERCE COMMODITY COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES COMPUTERS COMPUTING CONSUMER GOODS CONSUMER RIGHTS CONSUMER-TO-CONSUMER CONSUMERS CONTENT PRODUCTION COPYING CURRENCY CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT CUSTOMER SERVICE DELIVERY METHODS DEVELOPING COUNTRY DIGITAL DIGITAL COMMUNICATION DIGITAL CONTENT DIGITAL ECONOMY DIGITAL INFRASTRUCTURE DIGITAL NETWORKS DIGITAL SERVICES DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY DIRECT MARKETING DOMESTIC MARKET DRM E-COMMERCE E-COMMERCE SITE ECOMMERCE ECOMMERCE SITES ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC HISTORY ECONOMIC SIZE ELECTRONIC PAYMENT END-USER ENTERTAINMENT ENTREPRENEURIAL OPPORTUNITIES ENTRY BARRIERS EQUIPMENT EXPENDITURE EXPERT OPINIONS EXPORTS FIXED COSTS FORECASTS FRAMEWORK FOR DEVELOPMENT FRAUD GLOBAL MARKET GROWTH POTENTIAL GROWTH RATE HACKER HACKING HARDWARE HARDWARE MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS ICT IMAGES INCOME INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE PROVIDERS INNOVATION INSTANT MESSAGING INSTITUTION INSTRUMENT INSURANCE INTANGIBLE INTERFACE INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT INTERNET SECURITY IT SERVICES LESS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES LICENSE LICENSE AGREEMENTS LICENSES LOCAL ECONOMIES MARGINAL COST MARGINAL COST OF PRODUCTION MARKET ANALYSTS MARKET CONDITIONS MARKET ENVIRONMENT MARKET MAKERS MARKET OPPORTUNITIES MARKET POTENTIAL MARKET RESEARCH MARKET RESEARCH FIRM MARKET SHARE MARKET SIZE MARKET STRUCTURE MARKET STUDY MARKET TRADE MARKET TRADING MARKETING MARKETPLACE MATERIAL MEDIA MONEY ORDER MONOPOLY NECESSARY SKILLS NEGATIVE EXTERNALITIES NETWORKING NETWORKS NEW MARKET ONLINE BUSINESSES ONLINE RETAIL ONLINE RETAILERS ONLINE SERVICES ONLINE STORE OUTSOURCING PATTERN RECOGNITION PAYMENT FLOWS PAYMENT SERVICES PAYMENT TRANSACTIONS PAYOUT PILOT PROJECTS POLITICAL ECONOMY PRIMARY MARKET PRIVATE INVESTMENTS PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT PRODUCTIVITY PUBLISHING PURCHASING QUERIES REGULATORY FRAMEWORK REGULATORY POLICY RELIABILITY RESULT RETAIL REVENUE MODEL SALE SEARCH ENGINE SEARCH RESULTS SEARCH TERM SEARCHES SECONDARY MARKET SECONDARY MARKET ACTIVITY SECONDARY MARKET TRADING SECONDARY MARKET TRANSACTIONS SERVER SERVICE MARKET SERVICE PROVIDERS SERVICES MARKET SITES SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT STOCKS SUBSTITUTE SUNK COSTS SUPERVISION SUPPLIER SUPPLY CHAINS TAXATION TELEPHONE THIRD-PARTY MARKETPLACES TRADITIONAL BUSINESS TRANSACTION TRANSFORMERS USER USER INTERFACE USERS USES VALUE ADDED VALUE CHAIN VERIFICATION VIDEO WAGES WEALTH WEB WEB CONTENT WEBSITE WHITE PAPER WHOLESALERS WORKING HOURS Lehdonvirta, Vili Ernkvist, Mirko Knowledge Map of the Virtual Economy : Converting the Virtual Economy into Development Potential |
| description |
The report is structured as follows. The
next section introduces the theoretical notion of a
'virtual economy' and explains how it is distinct
from other Information and Communication Technology
(ICT)-related economic activities. The following sections
describe in detail the main areas of the virtual economy,
their economic impact, business models and value chains. The
two major areas of the existing virtual economy are
identified as: 1) third party gaming services and 2)
microwork. This report will focus largely on these two
distinct but conceptually related areas. Gaming services is
an established industry that provides a rich set of evidence
for analysis, while microwork is an emerging industry with
apparently significant development potential. Other existing
activities within the virtual economy are categorized as: 3)
marketing related paid-for connections in social media
('cherry blossoming') and 4) user-created virtual
goods in virtual environments. These are not covered in
detail due to their limited development potential, at least
at present. The sixth section analyzes the development
potential of the virtual economy. Development potential is
here understood as the ability to provide income to local
economies through employment and entrepreneurial
opportunities. Both short-run opportunities and long-run
income development are considered. Development potential
also includes the ability to support the development of
local ICT infrastructure. In the final section, the report
summarizes the key findings, identifies important gaps in
current knowledge, and sketches out the scope for possible
donor or Non-Governmental Organization (NGO)-led
interventions towards maximizing the development potential
of the virtual economy. |
| format |
Working Paper |
| author |
Lehdonvirta, Vili Ernkvist, Mirko |
| author_facet |
Lehdonvirta, Vili Ernkvist, Mirko |
| author_sort |
Lehdonvirta, Vili |
| title |
Knowledge Map of the Virtual Economy : Converting the Virtual Economy into Development Potential |
| title_short |
Knowledge Map of the Virtual Economy : Converting the Virtual Economy into Development Potential |
| title_full |
Knowledge Map of the Virtual Economy : Converting the Virtual Economy into Development Potential |
| title_fullStr |
Knowledge Map of the Virtual Economy : Converting the Virtual Economy into Development Potential |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Knowledge Map of the Virtual Economy : Converting the Virtual Economy into Development Potential |
| title_sort |
knowledge map of the virtual economy : converting the virtual economy into development potential |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2017 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/929131468346444204/Plus-knowledge-map-of-the-virtual-economy-converting-the-virtual-economy-into-development-potential http://hdl.handle.net/10986/27361 |
| _version_ |
1764464222824038400 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-273612021-04-23T14:04:41Z Knowledge Map of the Virtual Economy : Converting the Virtual Economy into Development Potential Lehdonvirta, Vili Ernkvist, Mirko 3G ACCESS TO MARKETS ACCESSORIES ACCOUNTING ADOPTION OF INFORMATION ADVERTISEMENTS ADVERTISING AGRICULTURE API APPLICATION PROGRAMMING APPLICATION PROGRAMMING INTERFACE ARRAYS ASSETS AUCTION BACKBONE BASIC BIDS BONDS BRAND BROADBAND BROADBAND NETWORKS BUSINESS MODEL BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY BUSINESS PROCESS BUSINESSES BUYER C2C CAPABILITY CATERING CD CHECKS COMMERCE COMMODITY COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES COMPUTERS COMPUTING CONSUMER GOODS CONSUMER RIGHTS CONSUMER-TO-CONSUMER CONSUMERS CONTENT PRODUCTION COPYING CURRENCY CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT CUSTOMER SERVICE DELIVERY METHODS DEVELOPING COUNTRY DIGITAL DIGITAL COMMUNICATION DIGITAL CONTENT DIGITAL ECONOMY DIGITAL INFRASTRUCTURE DIGITAL NETWORKS DIGITAL SERVICES DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY DIRECT MARKETING DOMESTIC MARKET DRM E-COMMERCE E-COMMERCE SITE E-MAIL ECOMMERCE ECOMMERCE SITES ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC HISTORY ECONOMIC SIZE ELECTRONIC PAYMENT END-USER ENTERTAINMENT ENTREPRENEURIAL OPPORTUNITIES ENTRY BARRIERS EQUIPMENT EXPENDITURE EXPERT OPINIONS EXPORTS FIXED COSTS FORECASTS FRAMEWORK FOR DEVELOPMENT FRAUD GLOBAL MARKET GROWTH POTENTIAL GROWTH RATE HACKER HACKING HARDWARE HARDWARE MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS ICT IMAGES INCOME INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE PROVIDERS INNOVATION INSTANT MESSAGING INSTITUTION INSTRUMENT INSURANCE INTANGIBLE INTERFACE INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT INTERNET SECURITY IT SERVICES LESS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES LICENSE LICENSE AGREEMENTS LICENSES LOCAL ECONOMIES MARGINAL COST MARGINAL COST OF PRODUCTION MARKET ANALYSTS MARKET CONDITIONS MARKET ENVIRONMENT MARKET MAKERS MARKET OPPORTUNITIES MARKET POTENTIAL MARKET RESEARCH MARKET RESEARCH FIRM MARKET SHARE MARKET SIZE MARKET STRUCTURE MARKET STUDY MARKET TRADE MARKET TRADING MARKETING MARKETPLACE MATERIAL MEDIA MONEY ORDER MONOPOLY NECESSARY SKILLS NEGATIVE EXTERNALITIES NETWORKING NETWORKS NEW MARKET ONLINE BUSINESSES ONLINE RETAIL ONLINE RETAILERS ONLINE SERVICES ONLINE STORE OUTSOURCING PATTERN RECOGNITION PAYMENT FLOWS PAYMENT SERVICES PAYMENT TRANSACTIONS PAYOUT PILOT PROJECTS POLITICAL ECONOMY PRIMARY MARKET PRIVATE INVESTMENTS PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT PRODUCTIVITY PUBLISHING PURCHASING QUERIES REGULATORY FRAMEWORK REGULATORY POLICY RELIABILITY RESULT RETAIL REVENUE MODEL SALE SEARCH ENGINE SEARCH RESULTS SEARCH TERM SEARCHES SECONDARY MARKET SECONDARY MARKET ACTIVITY SECONDARY MARKET TRADING SECONDARY MARKET TRANSACTIONS SERVER SERVICE MARKET SERVICE PROVIDERS SERVICES MARKET SITES SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT STOCKS SUBSTITUTE SUNK COSTS SUPERVISION SUPPLIER SUPPLY CHAINS TAXATION TELEPHONE THIRD-PARTY MARKETPLACES TRADITIONAL BUSINESS TRANSACTION TRANSFORMERS USER USER INTERFACE USERS USES VALUE ADDED VALUE CHAIN VERIFICATION VIDEO WAGES WEALTH WEB WEB CONTENT WEBSITE WHITE PAPER WHOLESALERS WORKING HOURS The report is structured as follows. The next section introduces the theoretical notion of a 'virtual economy' and explains how it is distinct from other Information and Communication Technology (ICT)-related economic activities. The following sections describe in detail the main areas of the virtual economy, their economic impact, business models and value chains. The two major areas of the existing virtual economy are identified as: 1) third party gaming services and 2) microwork. This report will focus largely on these two distinct but conceptually related areas. Gaming services is an established industry that provides a rich set of evidence for analysis, while microwork is an emerging industry with apparently significant development potential. Other existing activities within the virtual economy are categorized as: 3) marketing related paid-for connections in social media ('cherry blossoming') and 4) user-created virtual goods in virtual environments. These are not covered in detail due to their limited development potential, at least at present. The sixth section analyzes the development potential of the virtual economy. Development potential is here understood as the ability to provide income to local economies through employment and entrepreneurial opportunities. Both short-run opportunities and long-run income development are considered. Development potential also includes the ability to support the development of local ICT infrastructure. In the final section, the report summarizes the key findings, identifies important gaps in current knowledge, and sketches out the scope for possible donor or Non-Governmental Organization (NGO)-led interventions towards maximizing the development potential of the virtual economy. 2017-06-27T18:17:53Z 2017-06-27T18:17:53Z 2011-04 Working Paper http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/929131468346444204/Plus-knowledge-map-of-the-virtual-economy-converting-the-virtual-economy-into-development-potential http://hdl.handle.net/10986/27361 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Working Paper Publications & Research |