Rural Out-Migration and Family Life in Cities in Mongolia
There is a growing concern among policy makers and the international development community about the rapid concentration of migrants in the capital city of Ulaanbaatar (UB) and its social, economic, and environmental consequences (UNDP, 2003). The...
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2017
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/432631468323707757/Rural-out-migration-and-family-life-in-cities-in-Mongolia-background-paper http://hdl.handle.net/10986/27412 |
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okr-10986-274122021-04-23T14:04:41Z Rural Out-Migration and Family Life in Cities in Mongolia Shi, Anqing ACCESS TO EDUCATION ACCESS TO MARKETS ADULT POPULATION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AIR POLLUTION ANIMAL HUSBANDRY BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE CENTRAL REGION CITIES CLEAN WATER CONSEQUENCES OF MIGRATION CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION POVERTY DISTRICTS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INSECURITY EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION EXTREME POVERTY FAMILIES FAMILY MEMBERS FARMERS FEMALE MIGRANTS FERTILITY FIREWOOD FOOD CONSUMPTION FOOD EXPENDITURES GENDER HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSING HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUNTING IMMIGRANTS INCIDENCE OF POVERTY INCOME INEQUALITY INDUSTRIALIZATION INTERNAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION JOB OPPORTUNITIES LACK OF WATER LEVEL OF EDUCATION LEVEL OF FERTILITY LIVESTOCK SECTOR LIVING STANDARDS LONG-TERM MIGRANTS LONG-TERM RESIDENTS MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS MARITAL STATUS MIGRANT MIGRANTS MIGRATION MIGRATION DATA MIGRATION FLOW MIGRATION FLOWS MORTALITY NATIONAL POVERTY NATIONAL POVERTY LINE NATURAL DISASTERS NUMBER OF MIGRANTS PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION PLACE OF RESIDENCE POLICY MAKERS POOR POPULATION CENSUS POPULATION CONCENTRATION POPULATION CONFERENCE POPULATION DISTRIBUTION POPULATION MIGRATION POPULATION MOVEMENT POTABLE WATER POVERTY INCIDENCE POVERTY RATE POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY THRESHOLD PRIMARY SCHOOL PROGRESS REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION REGIONAL MIGRATION REGIONAL PATTERN REGIONAL PATTERNS REGIONALIZATION REMITTANCE REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH RURAL RURAL ________________________________________________________________________ WORK RURAL AREA RURAL AREAS RURAL COMMUNITIES RURAL DISPARITIES RURAL ECONOMY RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL INCOME RURAL LABORERS RURAL MIGRANTS RURAL MIGRATION RURAL ORIGIN RURAL RESIDENCE RURAL RESIDENTS SAVINGS SCHOOLING SERVICE PROVISION SMALL VILLAGES SOCIAL COMMISSION SOCIAL SERVICES SPOUSE SUBSISTENCE TOWNS TRANSPORTATION UNEMPLOYMENT URBAN AREAS URBAN CENTERS URBAN MIGRATION URBAN POPULATION URBAN POPULATION GROWTH URBANIZATION VOCATIONAL EDUCATION There is a growing concern among policy makers and the international development community about the rapid concentration of migrants in the capital city of Ulaanbaatar (UB) and its social, economic, and environmental consequences (UNDP, 2003). These concerns call for a good understanding of the nature of migration in Mongolia and its impacts on the life of migrants. Using the 2007-08 Household Economic and Social Survey of Mongolia, this paper aims to: (a) document the characteristics of recent internal migration in Mongolia; and (b) assess the livelihoods of rural-to-urban migrants in comparison to those staying in rural areas as well as to local urban residents. The analysis in this paper suggests that rural out-migration is negatively correlated with the chance of falling into poverty. For those who did not migrate from rural areas, their poverty incidence was much higher, and their consumption level much lower, than that of rural-to-urban migrants. However, not all urban destinations are equal: there is a large discrepancy in livelihoods between those moving to aimag centers versus those moving the UB. The poverty incidence of rural migrant families moving into aimag centers was 33 percent, whereas 24 percent for those migrant families moving into UB. 2017-06-27T21:21:42Z 2017-06-27T21:21:42Z 2011-05-12 Report http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/432631468323707757/Rural-out-migration-and-family-life-in-cities-in-Mongolia-background-paper http://hdl.handle.net/10986/27412 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Economic & Sector Work :: Policy Note Economic & Sector Work East Asia and Pacific Mongolia |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
ACCESS TO EDUCATION ACCESS TO MARKETS ADULT POPULATION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AIR POLLUTION ANIMAL HUSBANDRY BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE CENTRAL REGION CITIES CLEAN WATER CONSEQUENCES OF MIGRATION CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION POVERTY DISTRICTS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INSECURITY EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION EXTREME POVERTY FAMILIES FAMILY MEMBERS FARMERS FEMALE MIGRANTS FERTILITY FIREWOOD FOOD CONSUMPTION FOOD EXPENDITURES GENDER HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSING HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUNTING IMMIGRANTS INCIDENCE OF POVERTY INCOME INEQUALITY INDUSTRIALIZATION INTERNAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION JOB OPPORTUNITIES LACK OF WATER LEVEL OF EDUCATION LEVEL OF FERTILITY LIVESTOCK SECTOR LIVING STANDARDS LONG-TERM MIGRANTS LONG-TERM RESIDENTS MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS MARITAL STATUS MIGRANT MIGRANTS MIGRATION MIGRATION DATA MIGRATION FLOW MIGRATION FLOWS MORTALITY NATIONAL POVERTY NATIONAL POVERTY LINE NATURAL DISASTERS NUMBER OF MIGRANTS PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION PLACE OF RESIDENCE POLICY MAKERS POOR POPULATION CENSUS POPULATION CONCENTRATION POPULATION CONFERENCE POPULATION DISTRIBUTION POPULATION MIGRATION POPULATION MOVEMENT POTABLE WATER POVERTY INCIDENCE POVERTY RATE POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY THRESHOLD PRIMARY SCHOOL PROGRESS REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION REGIONAL MIGRATION REGIONAL PATTERN REGIONAL PATTERNS REGIONALIZATION REMITTANCE REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH RURAL RURAL ________________________________________________________________________ WORK RURAL AREA RURAL AREAS RURAL COMMUNITIES RURAL DISPARITIES RURAL ECONOMY RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL INCOME RURAL LABORERS RURAL MIGRANTS RURAL MIGRATION RURAL ORIGIN RURAL RESIDENCE RURAL RESIDENTS SAVINGS SCHOOLING SERVICE PROVISION SMALL VILLAGES SOCIAL COMMISSION SOCIAL SERVICES SPOUSE SUBSISTENCE TOWNS TRANSPORTATION UNEMPLOYMENT URBAN AREAS URBAN CENTERS URBAN MIGRATION URBAN POPULATION URBAN POPULATION GROWTH URBANIZATION VOCATIONAL EDUCATION |
| spellingShingle |
ACCESS TO EDUCATION ACCESS TO MARKETS ADULT POPULATION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AIR POLLUTION ANIMAL HUSBANDRY BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE CENTRAL REGION CITIES CLEAN WATER CONSEQUENCES OF MIGRATION CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION POVERTY DISTRICTS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INSECURITY EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION EXTREME POVERTY FAMILIES FAMILY MEMBERS FARMERS FEMALE MIGRANTS FERTILITY FIREWOOD FOOD CONSUMPTION FOOD EXPENDITURES GENDER HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSING HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUNTING IMMIGRANTS INCIDENCE OF POVERTY INCOME INEQUALITY INDUSTRIALIZATION INTERNAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION JOB OPPORTUNITIES LACK OF WATER LEVEL OF EDUCATION LEVEL OF FERTILITY LIVESTOCK SECTOR LIVING STANDARDS LONG-TERM MIGRANTS LONG-TERM RESIDENTS MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS MARITAL STATUS MIGRANT MIGRANTS MIGRATION MIGRATION DATA MIGRATION FLOW MIGRATION FLOWS MORTALITY NATIONAL POVERTY NATIONAL POVERTY LINE NATURAL DISASTERS NUMBER OF MIGRANTS PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION PLACE OF RESIDENCE POLICY MAKERS POOR POPULATION CENSUS POPULATION CONCENTRATION POPULATION CONFERENCE POPULATION DISTRIBUTION POPULATION MIGRATION POPULATION MOVEMENT POTABLE WATER POVERTY INCIDENCE POVERTY RATE POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY THRESHOLD PRIMARY SCHOOL PROGRESS REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION REGIONAL MIGRATION REGIONAL PATTERN REGIONAL PATTERNS REGIONALIZATION REMITTANCE REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH RURAL RURAL ________________________________________________________________________ WORK RURAL AREA RURAL AREAS RURAL COMMUNITIES RURAL DISPARITIES RURAL ECONOMY RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL INCOME RURAL LABORERS RURAL MIGRANTS RURAL MIGRATION RURAL ORIGIN RURAL RESIDENCE RURAL RESIDENTS SAVINGS SCHOOLING SERVICE PROVISION SMALL VILLAGES SOCIAL COMMISSION SOCIAL SERVICES SPOUSE SUBSISTENCE TOWNS TRANSPORTATION UNEMPLOYMENT URBAN AREAS URBAN CENTERS URBAN MIGRATION URBAN POPULATION URBAN POPULATION GROWTH URBANIZATION VOCATIONAL EDUCATION Shi, Anqing Rural Out-Migration and Family Life in Cities in Mongolia |
| geographic_facet |
East Asia and Pacific Mongolia |
| description |
There is a growing concern among policy
makers and the international development community about the
rapid concentration of migrants in the capital city of
Ulaanbaatar (UB) and its social, economic, and environmental
consequences (UNDP, 2003). These concerns call for a good
understanding of the nature of migration in Mongolia and its
impacts on the life of migrants. Using the 2007-08 Household
Economic and Social Survey of Mongolia, this paper aims to:
(a) document the characteristics of recent internal
migration in Mongolia; and (b) assess the livelihoods of
rural-to-urban migrants in comparison to those staying in
rural areas as well as to local urban residents. The
analysis in this paper suggests that rural out-migration is
negatively correlated with the chance of falling into
poverty. For those who did not migrate from rural areas,
their poverty incidence was much higher, and their
consumption level much lower, than that of rural-to-urban
migrants. However, not all urban destinations are equal:
there is a large discrepancy in livelihoods between those
moving to aimag centers versus those moving the UB. The
poverty incidence of rural migrant families moving into
aimag centers was 33 percent, whereas 24 percent for those
migrant families moving into UB. |
| format |
Report |
| author |
Shi, Anqing |
| author_facet |
Shi, Anqing |
| author_sort |
Shi, Anqing |
| title |
Rural Out-Migration and Family Life in Cities in Mongolia |
| title_short |
Rural Out-Migration and Family Life in Cities in Mongolia |
| title_full |
Rural Out-Migration and Family Life in Cities in Mongolia |
| title_fullStr |
Rural Out-Migration and Family Life in Cities in Mongolia |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Rural Out-Migration and Family Life in Cities in Mongolia |
| title_sort |
rural out-migration and family life in cities in mongolia |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2017 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/432631468323707757/Rural-out-migration-and-family-life-in-cities-in-Mongolia-background-paper http://hdl.handle.net/10986/27412 |
| _version_ |
1764464002801336320 |