Financing Environmental Services in Developing Countries

Current international financing (primarily ODA) for environmental services in developing countries is very roughly estimated to be upwards of $21 billion annually (not including climate change financing), but additional resources on the order of te...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Sander, Klas, Cranford, Matthew
Format:	Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2017
Subjects:	ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS ADVERSE SELECTION AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AIR POLLUTION ASYMMETRIC INFORMATION AUCTIONS AUDITING AUTONOMY BENEFICIARY BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY BOND BORROWING CAPACITY BUILDING CAPITALIZATION CARBON CARBON TAXES CASH INFLOWS CLIMATE CHANGE COMPLIANCE COSTS CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK CONSERVATION FINANCE CONSUMPTION PATTERNS CONTRACT DESIGN CREDIT ANALYSIS CREDIT ENHANCEMENT CREDIT EXTENSION CURRENCY CURRENCY RISK DEBT DEBT INSTRUMENTS DEBT INVESTMENT DECISION MAKING DEFORESTATION DERIVATIVE DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE DEVELOPMENT BANKS DEVELOPMENT FINANCE DIFFERENTIAL TAXATION DISBURSEMENT DISCOUNT RATES DIVERSIFICATION DONOR SUPPORT ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS ECOLOGY ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ECONOMIC DECISION ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INCENTIVES ECONOMIC REFORMS ECONOMIC SYSTEM ECONOMIC VALUE ECONOMICS EMISSIONS ENDANGERED SPECIES ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMISTS ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION ENVIRONMENTAL GOODS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY ENVIRONMENTAL TAXES ENVIRONMENTAL VALUATION EVALUATION CRITERIA EXPENDITURE EXTERNALITIES FACILITATION FINANCE MINISTRIES FINANCES FINANCIAL COSTS FINANCIAL EXPERTISE FINANCIAL FLOWS FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE FINANCIAL PRODUCTS FINANCIAL RESOURCES FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY FINANCIAL STRUCTURE FINANCIAL TRANSFERS FINANCING SOURCES FISCAL MANAGEMENT FISCAL POLICY FISCAL REFORM FISHERIES FIXED INCOME FOREST MANAGEMENT FORESTRY FUNDING SOURCE GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE GOVERNMENT FUNDING GOVERNMENT POLICY GOVERNMENT SPENDING GROUP LENDING HOUSEHOLD INCOMES HOUSEHOLDS HUMAN CAPITAL INITIAL INVESTMENT INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY INSTRUMENT INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL DEBATE INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL FINANCE INVESTING INVESTMENT FUNDS INVESTMENT INCOME INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITY INVESTMENT STRATEGY LAND MANAGEMENT LANDOWNER LEVY LOAN MACROECONOMIC POLICIES MARKET ACCESS MARKET CONDITIONS MARKET DEVELOPMENT MARKET MECHANISMS MFIS MICRO-LENDING MICROCREDIT MICROFINANCE MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS MINISTRIES OF FINANCE MONETARY FUND MORAL HAZARD NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS NATURAL CAPITAL NATURAL RESOURCES NEGATIVE EXTERNALITIES NET PROFIT NON-USE VALUES OPPORTUNITY COSTS PERPETUITY PLEDGES POLICY INSTRUMENTS POLITICAL ECONOMY POLLUTION CONTROL PORTFOLIO PRICE FLOOR PRIORITY LENDING PRIVATE FINANCE PRIVATE FINANCING PRIVATE INVESTMENT PRIVATE INVESTORS PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTOR FINANCE PRIVATE SECTOR FINANCING PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT PROVISIONING PUBLIC PUBLIC FUNDS PUBLIC GOOD PUBLIC REVENUES PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SECTOR REFORM PUBLIC SPENDING PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS REDUCING EMISSIONS REPAYMENT RESOURCE MANAGEMENT RESOURCE MOBILIZATION RETURNS REVENUE COLLECTION REVENUE SOURCES RISK MANAGEMENT RISK MITIGATION SAVINGS SEED FUNDING SOCIAL CAPITAL SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOURCE OF FUNDS SOURCES OF FINANCE START-UP SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT SUSTAINABLE FORESTRY SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT SUSTAINABLE USE SWAPS TAX TRADABLE PERMITS TRADING TRANSACTION TRANSFER PAYMENTS TREASURY TRUST FUND USE VALUE USER FEES UTILITIES WATER USE WEALTH CREATION WELFARE GAINS WETLANDS
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/100131468330884916/Financing-environmental-services-in-developing-countries http://hdl.handle.net/10986/27443

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Summary:	Current international financing (primarily ODA) for environmental services in developing countries is very roughly estimated to be upwards of $21 billion annually (not including climate change financing), but additional resources on the order of tens, if not hundreds, of billions of dollars are needed. In 2009, environmental ODA was estimated at $18 billion with a few billion more delivered through philanthropic and market-based financing channels. Although there are only a few studies of the additional financing needed, and those are relatively narrow in scope, the estimates that are available clearly indicate that significantly higher levels of finance still need to be reached. Additionally, the impacts of environmental finance on environmental sustainability and development objectives are poorly understood. Systematic reviews of previous experience, and standardized monitoring in the future, would support the countries and projects monitored, while also providing important lessons for the broader development and environment communities.

Financing Environmental Services in Developing Countries

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