The Role of Biodiversity and Ecosystems in Sustainable Development

Biologically diverse ecosystems in countries served by the World Bank provide an array of valuable economic services. While the benefits of conserving ecosystems frequently outweigh the costs, conversion of these ecosystems to other uses occurs any...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Sobrevila, Claudia, Hickey, Valerie
Format:	Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2017
Subjects:	ADAPTATION STRATEGIES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AGRICULTURE AMPHIBIANS APPROACH TO BIODIVERSITY BENEFIT ANALYSIS BIODIVERSITY BIODIVERSITY ACTIVITIES BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION BIODIVERSITY CRISIS BIODIVERSITY ECOSYSTEMS BIODIVERSITY FUNDS BIODIVERSITY LOSS BIODIVERSITY MANAGEMENT BIODIVERSITY PROTECTION BIODIVERSITY VALUATION BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES BIOLOGICALLY DIVERSE ECOSYSTEMS BIOLOGY BIOMASS BIRDS BUFFER ZONES BUILDING MATERIALS CARBON CARBON CYCLE CARBON DIOXIDE CARBON EMISSIONS CARBON SEQUESTRATION CARBON SINKS CARBON STORAGE CASE STUDIES CATTLE CLEAN WATER CLIMATE CLIMATE CHANGE COASTAL DEVELOPMENT COASTAL ZONE COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS CONSERVATION EFFORTS CONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITY CONSERVE BIODIVERSITY CONSERVING BIODIVERSITY CONSTRUCTION CONTINGENT VALUATION CORAL REEFS COST-BENEFIT ANALYSES CRITICAL ECOSYSTEM CRITICAL ECOSYSTEMS CRITICAL HABITATS CRITICAL NATURAL HABITATS CROP PRODUCTION CROPS DAMS DATA COLLECTION DECLINE IN BIODIVERSITY DEFORESTATION DIETS DRY SEASON ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC BENEFITS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC MODELS ECONOMIC VALUATION ECONOMIC VALUE ECONOMIC VALUES ECONOMICS ECONOMISTS ECOSYSTEM ECOSYSTEM ASSESSMENT ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION ECOSYSTEM GOODS ECOSYSTEM HEALTH ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT ECOSYSTEM PROTECTION ECOSYSTEM RESILIENCE ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION ECOSYSTEM SERVICES ECOSYSTEMS EFFECTIVE CONSERVATION EMISSIONS EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS ENDANGERED SPECIES ENDEMIC SPECIES ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY ENVIRONMENTAL TERMS EROSION EROSION CONTROL EXPLOITATION EXTERNALITIES FARMS FINANCIAL RESOURCES FISH FISH STOCK FISHERIES FISHERS FLOOD CONTROL FLOODS FOOD PRODUCTION FOOD SECURITY FOREST FOREST ECOSYSTEMS FOREST MANAGEMENT FORESTRY FORESTS FRAGMENTATION FRESH WATER FRESHWATER GENETIC DIVERSITY GENETIC MATERIAL GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS GRANT MONEY GRASSLANDS GREENHOUSE GASES HABITAT HABITAT CONSERVATION HABITAT DESTRUCTION HOT SPOTS HUMAN SETTLEMENTS ILLEGAL TRADE IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE INDIGENOUS PEOPLES INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES INVASIVE SPECIES LAND MANAGEMENT LAND USES LANDSCAPE LANDSCAPES LIVELIHOOD OPPORTUNITIES LIVELIHOODS LOCAL COMMUNITIES LOCAL LIVELIHOODS LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY LOSS OF SPECIES MANGROVES MARINE ECOSYSTEMS MARINE FISHERIES MARINE RESERVES MARINE RESOURCES MITIGATION MOUNTAINS NATIONAL ACCOUNTING NATIONAL WILDLIFE NATURAL AREAS NATURAL CAPITAL NATURAL ECOSYSTEMS NATURAL FEATURES NATURAL HABITAT NATURAL HABITATS NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT NATURAL RESOURCES NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT NATURE NEGATIVE IMPACTS NUTRIENT CYCLING OIL PARKS PASTURE MANAGEMENT POLICY MAKERS POLITICAL ECONOMY POLLUTANTS POLLUTION POPULATION GROWTH PREDATORS PRESENT VALUE PRIVATE COSTS PROTECTED AREAS PUBLIC GOOD PUBLIC GOODS RAINFALL RECYCLING RED LIST REDUCING EMISSIONS REDUCTION OF BIODIVERSITY REPLENISHMENT RESERVOIRS RESOURCE ALLOCATION RESOURCE MANAGEMENT RIVERINE SOIL EROSION SOILS STORM PROTECTION SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT SUSTAINABLE GROWTH SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS SUSTAINABLE USE THREATS TO BIODIVERSITY TIMBER TOURISM TRADEOFFS TREE SPECIES TROPICAL FORESTS UNSUSTAINABLE EXPLOITATION VEGETATIVE COVER WATERSHED WATERSHED MANAGEMENT WATERSHED PROTECTION WATERSHEDS WETLANDS WILD NATURE WILDLIFE WILDLIFE TRADE WORLD FISHERIES
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/564131468182647339/The-role-of-biodiversity-and-ecosystems-in-sustainable-development http://hdl.handle.net/10986/27584

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Summary:	Biologically diverse ecosystems in countries served by the World Bank provide an array of valuable economic services. While the benefits of conserving ecosystems frequently outweigh the costs, conversion of these ecosystems to other uses occurs anyway, because many ecosystem benefits are of a public good nature, without markets that would reflect their real value. The objective of this paper was defined at a Concept review meeting held on December 2009 and is to increase the understanding on how biodiversity is incorporated in a development agency such as the World Bank Group (WBG) and how the WBG can enhance its role in biodiversity and ecosystems protection and management as a key ingredient to reach development sustainability. In order to define a reasonable strategy to prepare this paper, two approaches were used: the first was to carry out background and analytical studies, and the second was to consult with a wide range of stakeholders including Bank staff, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), and indigenous groups. Biodiversity provides many instrumental benefits, from food and fuel to recreation. But even where biodiversity is not immediately instrumental, it represents global public goods that must be protected, if only for their potential value in the future. The Global Environment Facility (GEF) has been the mainstay of grants implemented by the Bank ($1.4 billion) for biodiversity conservation and management, but the Bank has itself committed $2 billion in loans and has leveraged $2.9 billion in co-financing.

The Role of Biodiversity and Ecosystems in Sustainable Development

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