The Selection of Migrants and Returnees : Evidence from Romania and Implications

This paper uses micro data from the Demographic National Survey and the Census in Romania (2002-2003) and in Countries that have received large number of Romanian immigrants over the period 1990-2000 (US, Austria and Spain) to identify the wage ear...

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Main Authors:	Ambrosini, J. William, Mayr, Karin, Peri, Giovanni, Radu, Dragos
Format:	Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2017
Subjects:	AGE DISTRIBUTION AVERAGE INCOME AVERAGE MIGRATION AVERAGE MONTHLY WAGE AVERAGE SKILL LEVEL AVERAGE WAGE BORDERS BRAIN DRAIN BRAIN GAIN BRAIN-DRAIN CENSUS DATA CHARACTERISTICS OF MIGRANTS COMPENSATION CONSEQUENCES OF MIGRATION COST OF MIGRATION COSTS OF MIGRATION COUNTRIES OF DESTINATION COUNTRIES OF EMIGRATION COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN COUNTRY OF DESTINATION COUNTRY OF ORIGIN CURRENT POPULATION DEPENDENCE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INCENTIVES ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES EDUCATED WOMEN EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EMIGRANTS EMIGRATION EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS ETHNIC GROUP FAMILIES FAMILY STRUCTURE FLOW OF MIGRANTS FLOWS OF MIGRANTS GENDER GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT GROSS EMIGRATION HOST COUNTRY HUMAN CAPITAL IMMIGRANT IMMIGRANTS IMMIGRATION IMMIGRATION POLICIES INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL MIGRATIONS INTERNATIONAL MOBILITY JOB CREATION LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LACK OF INFORMATION LIVING CONDITIONS LIVING STANDARDS MIGRANT MIGRANT POPULATION MIGRANT WORKERS MIGRANTS MIGRATION MIGRATION COSTS MIGRATION DATA MIGRATION FLOWS MIGRATION POLICIES MIGRATION RATES MIGRATION STATUS MIGRATIONS NATIVE POPULATION NET IMMIGRATION NUMBER OF MIGRANTS OLD AGE OLDER AGE GROUPS POPULATION CENSUSES POPULATION DATA POPULATION DISTRIBUTION POTENTIAL MIGRANT POTENTIAL MIGRANTS PRIMARY EDUCATION REMIGRATION REMITTANCES RESTRICTIVE IMMIGRATION POLICIES RETURN MIGRATION RETURN-MIGRATION RETURNEE RETURNEES SECONDARY SCHOOLING SKILL LEVEL SKILL LEVELS SKILLED MIGRANTS SKILLED MIGRATION SKILLED WORKERS TEMPORARY MIGRATION TERTIARY EDUCATION UNDOCUMENTED MIGRANTS UNEMPLOYMENT UNITED NATIONS POPULATION DIVISION UNIVERSITY EDUCATION UNSKILLED WORKERS WORK EXPERIENCE YOUNG AGE
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/724911468105857021/The-selection-of-migrants-and-returnees-evidence-from-Romania-and-implications http://hdl.handle.net/10986/27908

id	okr-10986-27908
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-279082021-04-23T14:04:44Z The Selection of Migrants and Returnees : Evidence from Romania and Implications Ambrosini, J. William Mayr, Karin Peri, Giovanni Radu, Dragos AGE DISTRIBUTION AVERAGE INCOME AVERAGE MIGRATION AVERAGE MONTHLY WAGE AVERAGE SKILL LEVEL AVERAGE WAGE BORDERS BRAIN DRAIN BRAIN GAIN BRAIN-DRAIN CENSUS DATA CHARACTERISTICS OF MIGRANTS COMPENSATION CONSEQUENCES OF MIGRATION COST OF MIGRATION COSTS OF MIGRATION COUNTRIES OF DESTINATION COUNTRIES OF EMIGRATION COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN COUNTRY OF DESTINATION COUNTRY OF ORIGIN CURRENT POPULATION DEPENDENCE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INCENTIVES ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES EDUCATED WOMEN EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EMIGRANTS EMIGRATION EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS ETHNIC GROUP FAMILIES FAMILY STRUCTURE FLOW OF MIGRANTS FLOWS OF MIGRANTS GENDER GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT GROSS EMIGRATION HOST COUNTRY HUMAN CAPITAL IMMIGRANT IMMIGRANTS IMMIGRATION IMMIGRATION POLICIES INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL MIGRATIONS INTERNATIONAL MOBILITY JOB CREATION LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LACK OF INFORMATION LIVING CONDITIONS LIVING STANDARDS MIGRANT MIGRANT POPULATION MIGRANT WORKERS MIGRANTS MIGRATION MIGRATION COSTS MIGRATION DATA MIGRATION FLOWS MIGRATION POLICIES MIGRATION RATES MIGRATION STATUS MIGRATIONS NATIVE POPULATION NET IMMIGRATION NUMBER OF MIGRANTS OLD AGE OLDER AGE GROUPS POPULATION CENSUSES POPULATION DATA POPULATION DISTRIBUTION POTENTIAL MIGRANT POTENTIAL MIGRANTS PRIMARY EDUCATION REMIGRATION REMITTANCES RESTRICTIVE IMMIGRATION POLICIES RETURN MIGRATION RETURN-MIGRATION RETURNEE RETURNEES SECONDARY SCHOOLING SKILL LEVEL SKILL LEVELS SKILLED MIGRANTS SKILLED MIGRATION SKILLED WORKERS TEMPORARY MIGRATION TERTIARY EDUCATION UNDOCUMENTED MIGRANTS UNEMPLOYMENT UNITED NATIONS POPULATION DIVISION UNIVERSITY EDUCATION UNSKILLED WORKERS WORK EXPERIENCE YOUNG AGE This paper uses micro data from the Demographic National Survey and the Census in Romania (2002-2003) and in Countries that have received large number of Romanian immigrants over the period 1990-2000 (US, Austria and Spain) to identify the wage earning ability (skills) of migrants and returnees relative to non-migrants. This determines what is called 'selection'. Using observable characteristics (education, age, gender and family status) that affect wage earning abilities of non-migrant, migrants to specific countries and returnees the authors can construct measures of average selection across skills for each skill group. Also, by observing the actual wages of these groups in Romania, US, Austria and Spain the author can measure the average and the skills-specific premium for migrating and for returning. As the three receiving countries differ in their skill compensation structure we can test the hypothesis that migration to a country is larger for those groups that receive higher migration premium. The authors find strong support for the idea that migrants in different skill groups move depending on the premium that they will get in the receiving country. Similarly the authors find evidence of a premium to returnee that is increasing in their skills, which drives positive selection of returnees. As migration and return seem consistent with optimal utility-maximizing choices of individuals the authors use a model of education, migration and return to predict the effects of increasing international mobility on skill and wage of Romanians. The authors find average positive long-run effect on average skills and wages in Romania from relaxing migration constraint. 2017-08-17T16:05:15Z 2017-08-17T16:05:15Z 2010-04 Working Paper http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/724911468105857021/The-selection-of-migrants-and-returnees-evidence-from-Romania-and-implications http://hdl.handle.net/10986/27908 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Working Paper Publications & Research Europe and Central Asia Romania
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	AGE DISTRIBUTION AVERAGE INCOME AVERAGE MIGRATION AVERAGE MONTHLY WAGE AVERAGE SKILL LEVEL AVERAGE WAGE BORDERS BRAIN DRAIN BRAIN GAIN BRAIN-DRAIN CENSUS DATA CHARACTERISTICS OF MIGRANTS COMPENSATION CONSEQUENCES OF MIGRATION COST OF MIGRATION COSTS OF MIGRATION COUNTRIES OF DESTINATION COUNTRIES OF EMIGRATION COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN COUNTRY OF DESTINATION COUNTRY OF ORIGIN CURRENT POPULATION DEPENDENCE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INCENTIVES ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES EDUCATED WOMEN EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EMIGRANTS EMIGRATION EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS ETHNIC GROUP FAMILIES FAMILY STRUCTURE FLOW OF MIGRANTS FLOWS OF MIGRANTS GENDER GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT GROSS EMIGRATION HOST COUNTRY HUMAN CAPITAL IMMIGRANT IMMIGRANTS IMMIGRATION IMMIGRATION POLICIES INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL MIGRATIONS INTERNATIONAL MOBILITY JOB CREATION LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LACK OF INFORMATION LIVING CONDITIONS LIVING STANDARDS MIGRANT MIGRANT POPULATION MIGRANT WORKERS MIGRANTS MIGRATION MIGRATION COSTS MIGRATION DATA MIGRATION FLOWS MIGRATION POLICIES MIGRATION RATES MIGRATION STATUS MIGRATIONS NATIVE POPULATION NET IMMIGRATION NUMBER OF MIGRANTS OLD AGE OLDER AGE GROUPS POPULATION CENSUSES POPULATION DATA POPULATION DISTRIBUTION POTENTIAL MIGRANT POTENTIAL MIGRANTS PRIMARY EDUCATION REMIGRATION REMITTANCES RESTRICTIVE IMMIGRATION POLICIES RETURN MIGRATION RETURN-MIGRATION RETURNEE RETURNEES SECONDARY SCHOOLING SKILL LEVEL SKILL LEVELS SKILLED MIGRANTS SKILLED MIGRATION SKILLED WORKERS TEMPORARY MIGRATION TERTIARY EDUCATION UNDOCUMENTED MIGRANTS UNEMPLOYMENT UNITED NATIONS POPULATION DIVISION UNIVERSITY EDUCATION UNSKILLED WORKERS WORK EXPERIENCE YOUNG AGE
spellingShingle	AGE DISTRIBUTION AVERAGE INCOME AVERAGE MIGRATION AVERAGE MONTHLY WAGE AVERAGE SKILL LEVEL AVERAGE WAGE BORDERS BRAIN DRAIN BRAIN GAIN BRAIN-DRAIN CENSUS DATA CHARACTERISTICS OF MIGRANTS COMPENSATION CONSEQUENCES OF MIGRATION COST OF MIGRATION COSTS OF MIGRATION COUNTRIES OF DESTINATION COUNTRIES OF EMIGRATION COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN COUNTRY OF DESTINATION COUNTRY OF ORIGIN CURRENT POPULATION DEPENDENCE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INCENTIVES ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES EDUCATED WOMEN EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EMIGRANTS EMIGRATION EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS ETHNIC GROUP FAMILIES FAMILY STRUCTURE FLOW OF MIGRANTS FLOWS OF MIGRANTS GENDER GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT GROSS EMIGRATION HOST COUNTRY HUMAN CAPITAL IMMIGRANT IMMIGRANTS IMMIGRATION IMMIGRATION POLICIES INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL MIGRATIONS INTERNATIONAL MOBILITY JOB CREATION LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LACK OF INFORMATION LIVING CONDITIONS LIVING STANDARDS MIGRANT MIGRANT POPULATION MIGRANT WORKERS MIGRANTS MIGRATION MIGRATION COSTS MIGRATION DATA MIGRATION FLOWS MIGRATION POLICIES MIGRATION RATES MIGRATION STATUS MIGRATIONS NATIVE POPULATION NET IMMIGRATION NUMBER OF MIGRANTS OLD AGE OLDER AGE GROUPS POPULATION CENSUSES POPULATION DATA POPULATION DISTRIBUTION POTENTIAL MIGRANT POTENTIAL MIGRANTS PRIMARY EDUCATION REMIGRATION REMITTANCES RESTRICTIVE IMMIGRATION POLICIES RETURN MIGRATION RETURN-MIGRATION RETURNEE RETURNEES SECONDARY SCHOOLING SKILL LEVEL SKILL LEVELS SKILLED MIGRANTS SKILLED MIGRATION SKILLED WORKERS TEMPORARY MIGRATION TERTIARY EDUCATION UNDOCUMENTED MIGRANTS UNEMPLOYMENT UNITED NATIONS POPULATION DIVISION UNIVERSITY EDUCATION UNSKILLED WORKERS WORK EXPERIENCE YOUNG AGE Ambrosini, J. William Mayr, Karin Peri, Giovanni Radu, Dragos The Selection of Migrants and Returnees : Evidence from Romania and Implications
geographic_facet	Europe and Central Asia Romania
description	This paper uses micro data from the Demographic National Survey and the Census in Romania (2002-2003) and in Countries that have received large number of Romanian immigrants over the period 1990-2000 (US, Austria and Spain) to identify the wage earning ability (skills) of migrants and returnees relative to non-migrants. This determines what is called 'selection'. Using observable characteristics (education, age, gender and family status) that affect wage earning abilities of non-migrant, migrants to specific countries and returnees the authors can construct measures of average selection across skills for each skill group. Also, by observing the actual wages of these groups in Romania, US, Austria and Spain the author can measure the average and the skills-specific premium for migrating and for returning. As the three receiving countries differ in their skill compensation structure we can test the hypothesis that migration to a country is larger for those groups that receive higher migration premium. The authors find strong support for the idea that migrants in different skill groups move depending on the premium that they will get in the receiving country. Similarly the authors find evidence of a premium to returnee that is increasing in their skills, which drives positive selection of returnees. As migration and return seem consistent with optimal utility-maximizing choices of individuals the authors use a model of education, migration and return to predict the effects of increasing international mobility on skill and wage of Romanians. The authors find average positive long-run effect on average skills and wages in Romania from relaxing migration constraint.
format	Working Paper
author	Ambrosini, J. William Mayr, Karin Peri, Giovanni Radu, Dragos
author_facet	Ambrosini, J. William Mayr, Karin Peri, Giovanni Radu, Dragos
author_sort	Ambrosini, J. William
title	The Selection of Migrants and Returnees : Evidence from Romania and Implications
title_short	The Selection of Migrants and Returnees : Evidence from Romania and Implications
title_full	The Selection of Migrants and Returnees : Evidence from Romania and Implications
title_fullStr	The Selection of Migrants and Returnees : Evidence from Romania and Implications
title_full_unstemmed	The Selection of Migrants and Returnees : Evidence from Romania and Implications
title_sort	selection of migrants and returnees : evidence from romania and implications
publisher	World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate	2017
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/724911468105857021/The-selection-of-migrants-and-returnees-evidence-from-Romania-and-implications http://hdl.handle.net/10986/27908
_version_	1764465359453159424

The Selection of Migrants and Returnees : Evidence from Romania and Implications

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