Housing Policy in Developing Countries : The Importance of the Informal Economy

All countries have a formal economy and an informal economy. But, on average, in developing countries the relative size of the informal sector is considerably larger than in developed countries. This paper argues that this has important implication...

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Main Author:	Arnott, Richard
Format:	Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2017
Subjects:	AFFORDABLE HOUSING AUTOMOBILE OWNERSHIP BANKS BASIC EDUCATION BONDS BORROWING BUILDING CODES BUILDING MATERIALS CENTRAL GOVERNMENTS CENTRAL] GOVERNMENTS CITIES CIVIL SERVICE CLINICS COMMUNITIES COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION COUNTRYSIDE CRIME DEBT DECENTRALIZATION DECONCENTRATION DWELLING ECONOMETRICS ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY ECONOMIC GROWTH ELECTRICITY EMPLOYMENT ENTREPRENEURSHIP EVASION EVICTION EXTERNALITIES FINANCIAL CRISES FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FINANCIAL MARKETS FISCAL FEDERALISM FISCAL POLICIES GOVERNMENT HOUSING GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION HABITAT HEALTH EXPENDITURES HEALTH SERVICES HOME OWNERSHIP HOMELESSNESS HOMEOWNERS HOUSEHOLDS HOUSING HOUSING CONDITIONS HOUSING CONSTRUCTION HOUSING DEVELOPMENT HOUSING FINANCE HOUSING FOR THE POOR HOUSING MARKET HOUSING MARKETS HOUSING NEEDS HOUSING POLICY HOUSING PROBLEMS HOUSING PROGRAMS HOUSING PROJECTS HOUSING PROVISION HOUSING SUBSIDIES HOUSING SUBSIDY HOUSING UNITS HUMAN SETTLEMENTS INCOME INCOME TAXES INFORMAL HOUSING INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS INSTITUTIONAL REFORM INTEREST RATES LABOR MARKET LAND TAXATION LAND TENURE LAND USE LAWS LICENSES LIVING CONDITIONS LOCAL AUTHORITIES LOCAL GOVERNMENTS LOCAL LEVEL MATCHING GRANTS MICROFINANCE MIGRATION MUNICIPALITIES NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS NEIGHBORHOOD NEIGHBORHOODS OCCUPANCY OCCUPATION OVERCROWDING OWNER OCCUPANCY PER CAPITA INCOME POLITICAL ECONOMY POOR NEIGHBORHOODS POVERTY REDUCTION PRIVATE HOUSING PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATIZATION PROFITABILITY PROPERTY RIGHTS PROPERTY TAXES PROVISION OF INFRASTRUCTURE PUBLIC PUBLIC BUILDINGS PUBLIC CHOICE PUBLIC ECONOMICS PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PUBLIC EXPENDITURES PUBLIC FUNDS PUBLIC GOODS PUBLIC HOUSING PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE PUBLIC PARTNERSHIPS PUBLIC POLICY PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SERVICE PUBLIC SERVICE PROVISION PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC WORKS RENT CONTROL RENTAL HOUSING RENTING RENTS RESOURCE MOBILIZATION REVENUE SOURCES SAVINGS SELF-HELP SELFHELP HOUSING SETTLEMENT SETTLEMENTS SEWAGE SHELTER SLUM SLUMS SOCIAL WELFARE SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL SQUATTER SQUATTER SETTLEMENTS SQUATTERS SUBSIDIARY SUBSIDIZED HOUSING TAX TAX RATES TAX REVENUE TAX REVENUES TAXATION TRAFFIC TRAFFIC CONGESTION URBAN DEVELOPMENT URBAN HOUSING URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE URBAN LAND URBAN POPULATION URBANIZATION WATER SUPPLY ZONING
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/573081468149693974/Housing-policy-in-developing-countries-the-importance-of-the-informal-economy http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28043

id	okr-10986-28043
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-280432021-04-23T14:04:46Z Housing Policy in Developing Countries : The Importance of the Informal Economy Arnott, Richard AFFORDABLE HOUSING AUTOMOBILE OWNERSHIP BANKS BASIC EDUCATION BONDS BORROWING BUILDING CODES BUILDING MATERIALS CENTRAL GOVERNMENTS CENTRAL] GOVERNMENTS CITIES CIVIL SERVICE CLINICS COMMUNITIES COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION COUNTRYSIDE CRIME DEBT DECENTRALIZATION DECONCENTRATION DWELLING ECONOMETRICS ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY ECONOMIC GROWTH ELECTRICITY EMPLOYMENT ENTREPRENEURSHIP EVASION EVICTION EXTERNALITIES FINANCIAL CRISES FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FINANCIAL MARKETS FISCAL FEDERALISM FISCAL POLICIES GOVERNMENT HOUSING GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION HABITAT HEALTH EXPENDITURES HEALTH SERVICES HOME OWNERSHIP HOMELESSNESS HOMEOWNERS HOUSEHOLDS HOUSING HOUSING CONDITIONS HOUSING CONSTRUCTION HOUSING DEVELOPMENT HOUSING FINANCE HOUSING FOR THE POOR HOUSING MARKET HOUSING MARKETS HOUSING NEEDS HOUSING POLICY HOUSING PROBLEMS HOUSING PROGRAMS HOUSING PROJECTS HOUSING PROVISION HOUSING SUBSIDIES HOUSING SUBSIDY HOUSING UNITS HUMAN SETTLEMENTS INCOME INCOME TAXES INFORMAL HOUSING INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS INSTITUTIONAL REFORM INTEREST RATES LABOR MARKET LAND TAXATION LAND TENURE LAND USE LAWS LICENSES LIVING CONDITIONS LOCAL AUTHORITIES LOCAL GOVERNMENTS LOCAL LEVEL MATCHING GRANTS MICROFINANCE MIGRATION MUNICIPALITIES NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS NEIGHBORHOOD NEIGHBORHOODS OCCUPANCY OCCUPATION OVERCROWDING OWNER OCCUPANCY PER CAPITA INCOME POLITICAL ECONOMY POOR NEIGHBORHOODS POVERTY REDUCTION PRIVATE HOUSING PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATIZATION PROFITABILITY PROPERTY RIGHTS PROPERTY TAXES PROVISION OF INFRASTRUCTURE PUBLIC PUBLIC BUILDINGS PUBLIC CHOICE PUBLIC ECONOMICS PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PUBLIC EXPENDITURES PUBLIC FUNDS PUBLIC GOODS PUBLIC HOUSING PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE PUBLIC PARTNERSHIPS PUBLIC POLICY PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SERVICE PUBLIC SERVICE PROVISION PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC WORKS RENT CONTROL RENTAL HOUSING RENTING RENTS RESOURCE MOBILIZATION REVENUE SOURCES SAVINGS SELF-HELP SELFHELP HOUSING SETTLEMENT SETTLEMENTS SEWAGE SHELTER SLUM SLUMS SOCIAL WELFARE SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL SQUATTER SQUATTER SETTLEMENTS SQUATTERS SUBSIDIARY SUBSIDIZED HOUSING TAX TAX RATES TAX REVENUE TAX REVENUES TAXATION TRAFFIC TRAFFIC CONGESTION URBAN DEVELOPMENT URBAN HOUSING URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE URBAN LAND URBAN POPULATION URBANIZATION WATER SUPPLY ZONING All countries have a formal economy and an informal economy. But, on average, in developing countries the relative size of the informal sector is considerably larger than in developed countries. This paper argues that this has important implications for housing policy in developing countries. That most poor households derive their income from informal employment effectively precludes income-contingent transfers as a method of redistribution. Also, holding fixed real economic activity, the larger is the relative size of the informal sector, the lower is fiscal capacity, and the more distortionary is government provision of a given level of goods and services, which restricts the desirable scale and scope of government policy. For the same reasons, housing policies that have proven successful in developed countries may not be successful when employed in developing countries. 2017-08-28T20:47:57Z 2017-08-28T20:47:57Z 2008 Working Paper http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/573081468149693974/Housing-policy-in-developing-countries-the-importance-of-the-informal-economy http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28043 English en_US Commission on Growth and Development Working Paper;No. 13 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Working Paper Publications & Research
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	AFFORDABLE HOUSING AUTOMOBILE OWNERSHIP BANKS BASIC EDUCATION BONDS BORROWING BUILDING CODES BUILDING MATERIALS CENTRAL GOVERNMENTS CENTRAL] GOVERNMENTS CITIES CIVIL SERVICE CLINICS COMMUNITIES COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION COUNTRYSIDE CRIME DEBT DECENTRALIZATION DECONCENTRATION DWELLING ECONOMETRICS ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY ECONOMIC GROWTH ELECTRICITY EMPLOYMENT ENTREPRENEURSHIP EVASION EVICTION EXTERNALITIES FINANCIAL CRISES FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FINANCIAL MARKETS FISCAL FEDERALISM FISCAL POLICIES GOVERNMENT HOUSING GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION HABITAT HEALTH EXPENDITURES HEALTH SERVICES HOME OWNERSHIP HOMELESSNESS HOMEOWNERS HOUSEHOLDS HOUSING HOUSING CONDITIONS HOUSING CONSTRUCTION HOUSING DEVELOPMENT HOUSING FINANCE HOUSING FOR THE POOR HOUSING MARKET HOUSING MARKETS HOUSING NEEDS HOUSING POLICY HOUSING PROBLEMS HOUSING PROGRAMS HOUSING PROJECTS HOUSING PROVISION HOUSING SUBSIDIES HOUSING SUBSIDY HOUSING UNITS HUMAN SETTLEMENTS INCOME INCOME TAXES INFORMAL HOUSING INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS INSTITUTIONAL REFORM INTEREST RATES LABOR MARKET LAND TAXATION LAND TENURE LAND USE LAWS LICENSES LIVING CONDITIONS LOCAL AUTHORITIES LOCAL GOVERNMENTS LOCAL LEVEL MATCHING GRANTS MICROFINANCE MIGRATION MUNICIPALITIES NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS NEIGHBORHOOD NEIGHBORHOODS OCCUPANCY OCCUPATION OVERCROWDING OWNER OCCUPANCY PER CAPITA INCOME POLITICAL ECONOMY POOR NEIGHBORHOODS POVERTY REDUCTION PRIVATE HOUSING PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATIZATION PROFITABILITY PROPERTY RIGHTS PROPERTY TAXES PROVISION OF INFRASTRUCTURE PUBLIC PUBLIC BUILDINGS PUBLIC CHOICE PUBLIC ECONOMICS PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PUBLIC EXPENDITURES PUBLIC FUNDS PUBLIC GOODS PUBLIC HOUSING PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE PUBLIC PARTNERSHIPS PUBLIC POLICY PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SERVICE PUBLIC SERVICE PROVISION PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC WORKS RENT CONTROL RENTAL HOUSING RENTING RENTS RESOURCE MOBILIZATION REVENUE SOURCES SAVINGS SELF-HELP SELFHELP HOUSING SETTLEMENT SETTLEMENTS SEWAGE SHELTER SLUM SLUMS SOCIAL WELFARE SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL SQUATTER SQUATTER SETTLEMENTS SQUATTERS SUBSIDIARY SUBSIDIZED HOUSING TAX TAX RATES TAX REVENUE TAX REVENUES TAXATION TRAFFIC TRAFFIC CONGESTION URBAN DEVELOPMENT URBAN HOUSING URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE URBAN LAND URBAN POPULATION URBANIZATION WATER SUPPLY ZONING
spellingShingle	AFFORDABLE HOUSING AUTOMOBILE OWNERSHIP BANKS BASIC EDUCATION BONDS BORROWING BUILDING CODES BUILDING MATERIALS CENTRAL GOVERNMENTS CENTRAL] GOVERNMENTS CITIES CIVIL SERVICE CLINICS COMMUNITIES COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION COUNTRYSIDE CRIME DEBT DECENTRALIZATION DECONCENTRATION DWELLING ECONOMETRICS ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY ECONOMIC GROWTH ELECTRICITY EMPLOYMENT ENTREPRENEURSHIP EVASION EVICTION EXTERNALITIES FINANCIAL CRISES FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FINANCIAL MARKETS FISCAL FEDERALISM FISCAL POLICIES GOVERNMENT HOUSING GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION HABITAT HEALTH EXPENDITURES HEALTH SERVICES HOME OWNERSHIP HOMELESSNESS HOMEOWNERS HOUSEHOLDS HOUSING HOUSING CONDITIONS HOUSING CONSTRUCTION HOUSING DEVELOPMENT HOUSING FINANCE HOUSING FOR THE POOR HOUSING MARKET HOUSING MARKETS HOUSING NEEDS HOUSING POLICY HOUSING PROBLEMS HOUSING PROGRAMS HOUSING PROJECTS HOUSING PROVISION HOUSING SUBSIDIES HOUSING SUBSIDY HOUSING UNITS HUMAN SETTLEMENTS INCOME INCOME TAXES INFORMAL HOUSING INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS INSTITUTIONAL REFORM INTEREST RATES LABOR MARKET LAND TAXATION LAND TENURE LAND USE LAWS LICENSES LIVING CONDITIONS LOCAL AUTHORITIES LOCAL GOVERNMENTS LOCAL LEVEL MATCHING GRANTS MICROFINANCE MIGRATION MUNICIPALITIES NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS NEIGHBORHOOD NEIGHBORHOODS OCCUPANCY OCCUPATION OVERCROWDING OWNER OCCUPANCY PER CAPITA INCOME POLITICAL ECONOMY POOR NEIGHBORHOODS POVERTY REDUCTION PRIVATE HOUSING PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATIZATION PROFITABILITY PROPERTY RIGHTS PROPERTY TAXES PROVISION OF INFRASTRUCTURE PUBLIC PUBLIC BUILDINGS PUBLIC CHOICE PUBLIC ECONOMICS PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PUBLIC EXPENDITURES PUBLIC FUNDS PUBLIC GOODS PUBLIC HOUSING PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE PUBLIC PARTNERSHIPS PUBLIC POLICY PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SERVICE PUBLIC SERVICE PROVISION PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC WORKS RENT CONTROL RENTAL HOUSING RENTING RENTS RESOURCE MOBILIZATION REVENUE SOURCES SAVINGS SELF-HELP SELFHELP HOUSING SETTLEMENT SETTLEMENTS SEWAGE SHELTER SLUM SLUMS SOCIAL WELFARE SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL SQUATTER SQUATTER SETTLEMENTS SQUATTERS SUBSIDIARY SUBSIDIZED HOUSING TAX TAX RATES TAX REVENUE TAX REVENUES TAXATION TRAFFIC TRAFFIC CONGESTION URBAN DEVELOPMENT URBAN HOUSING URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE URBAN LAND URBAN POPULATION URBANIZATION WATER SUPPLY ZONING Arnott, Richard Housing Policy in Developing Countries : The Importance of the Informal Economy
relation	Commission on Growth and Development Working Paper;No. 13
description	All countries have a formal economy and an informal economy. But, on average, in developing countries the relative size of the informal sector is considerably larger than in developed countries. This paper argues that this has important implications for housing policy in developing countries. That most poor households derive their income from informal employment effectively precludes income-contingent transfers as a method of redistribution. Also, holding fixed real economic activity, the larger is the relative size of the informal sector, the lower is fiscal capacity, and the more distortionary is government provision of a given level of goods and services, which restricts the desirable scale and scope of government policy. For the same reasons, housing policies that have proven successful in developed countries may not be successful when employed in developing countries.
format	Working Paper
author	Arnott, Richard
author_facet	Arnott, Richard
author_sort	Arnott, Richard
title	Housing Policy in Developing Countries : The Importance of the Informal Economy
title_short	Housing Policy in Developing Countries : The Importance of the Informal Economy
title_full	Housing Policy in Developing Countries : The Importance of the Informal Economy
title_fullStr	Housing Policy in Developing Countries : The Importance of the Informal Economy
title_full_unstemmed	Housing Policy in Developing Countries : The Importance of the Informal Economy
title_sort	housing policy in developing countries : the importance of the informal economy
publisher	World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate	2017
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/573081468149693974/Housing-policy-in-developing-countries-the-importance-of-the-informal-economy http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28043
_version_	1764465829412339712

Housing Policy in Developing Countries : The Importance of the Informal Economy

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