Global Poverty and Distributional Impacts of Agricultural Distortions

This paper assesses the potential impacts of the removal of agricultural and other trade distortions using a newly developed dataset and methodological approach for evaluating the global poverty and inequality effects of policy reforms. It finds th...

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Main Authors:	Bussolo, Maurizio, De Hoyos, Rafael, Medvedev, Denis
Format:	Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2017
Subjects:	ABSOLUTE POVERTY AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES AGRICULTURAL GOODS AGRICULTURAL GROUPS AGRICULTURAL IMPORTS AGRICULTURAL INCENTIVES AGRICULTURAL INCOMES AGRICULTURAL LIBERALIZATION AGRICULTURAL MARKET AGRICULTURAL MARKETS AGRICULTURAL POLICY AGRICULTURAL POPULATION AGRICULTURAL POPULATIONS AGRICULTURAL PRICE AGRICULTURAL PRICE SUPPORTS AGRICULTURAL PRICES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL REFORM AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AGRICULTURAL SECTORS AGRICULTURAL TRADE AGRICULTURAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION AGRICULTURAL WAGE AGRICULTURAL WAGES AGRICULTURAL WORKER AGRICULTURAL WORKERS AGRICULTURE AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD INCOME AVERAGE INCOME AVERAGE INCOMES BASE YEAR CAPITAL ACCUMULATION CARIBBEAN REGION COMBINES COMPETITIVENESS CONSUMER PREFERENCES CONSUMER PRICE INDEX CONSUMER PRICES CONSUMERS CONSUMPTION DATA CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE CONSUMPTION INCREASES CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA COUNTRY-SPECIFIC CHARACTERISTICS DECOMPOSITION ANALYSIS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPING REGIONS DEVELOPING WORLD DISTRIBUTIONAL CHANGES DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECT DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECTS DOMESTIC MARKET ECONOMIC EXPANSION ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC POLICY ECONOMIC REVIEW ECONOMIC THEORY EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS EMPIRICAL RESULTS EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE EXCHANGE RATES EXOGENOUS CHANGES EXPORT EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORTS EXTREME POVERTY EXTREME POVERTY LINE EXTREMELY POOR HOUSEHOLDS FARM FARM COMMODITIES FARM HOUSEHOLDS FARM LABOR FARM OUTPUT FARM PRODUCTS FARMERS FOOD CONSUMPTION FOOD MARKETS FOOD PRICES FOOD PRODUCTS GDP GDP DEFLATOR GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL GEOGRAPHIC REGION GINI COEFFICIENT GLOBAL ECONOMY GLOBAL MARKETS GLOBAL POVERTY GROWTH RATE HIGHER INEQUALITY HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD INCOMES HOUSEHOLD PER CAPITA INCOME HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSEHOLD WELFARE IMPORT BARRIERS IMPORT TARIFF INCIDENCE OF POVERTY INCOME INCOME DATA INCOME DISPARITIES INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME DISTRIBUTION DATA INCOME DISTRIBUTIONS INCOME GAINS INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME LEVELS INCOME REDISTRIBUTION INCOME SHARE INCOME SOURCE INCREASED INEQUALITY INEQUALITY COEFFICIENT INEQUALITY DECOMPOSITION INEQUALITY MEASURE INEQUALITY RESULTS INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TRADE LABOR MARKET LABOUR EARNINGS LDCS LOCAL FARMERS LOW INCOME MACROECONOMIC MODELS MEAN INCOMES MEASUREMENT ERRORS MULTILATERAL TRADE NATIONAL ECONOMIES NATIONAL INCOME NEGATIVE RELATIONSHIP NEGATIVE SHOCK PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA INCOME POLICY REFORM POLICY REFORMS POLICY RESEARCH POOR GROWTH POOR HOUSEHOLDS POOR PEOPLE POST-REFORM POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY CHANGES POVERTY INCIDENCE POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY OUTCOMES POVERTY REDUCTION POWER PARITY PREFERENTIAL ACCESS PRICE CHANGES PRICE INCREASES PRICE INDICES PRIMARY EDUCATION PRODUCER INCENTIVES PRODUCTION COSTS PROPORTIONAL IMPACT PUBLIC GOODS PURCHASING POWER RATE QUOTAS REAL GDP REAL INCOME REAL WAGE REAL WAGES REDISTRIBUTIVE EFFECTS REDUCTION IN POVERTY REGIONAL DIFFERENCES REGIONAL PATTERN REGIONAL PATTERNS REGIONAL TRADING AGREEMENTS REGRESSION ANALYSIS RELATIVE PRICES RELATIVE WAGES RESOURCE ALLOCATION SKILL LEVEL SKILLED WORKERS STRUCTURAL CHANGE TARIFF RATE TRADE AGREEMENTS TRADE BARRIERS TRADE DISPUTES TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE NEGOTIATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRANSITION ECONOMIES URUGUAY ROUND UTILITY FUNCTION VALUE ADDED VOLUME WAGE PREMIUM WAGES WEALTH WELFARE INDICATOR WELFARE MEASURE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/589601468156901139/Global-poverty-and-distributional-impacts-of-agricultural-distortions http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28154

id	okr-10986-28154
recordtype	oai_dc
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	ABSOLUTE POVERTY AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES AGRICULTURAL GOODS AGRICULTURAL GROUPS AGRICULTURAL IMPORTS AGRICULTURAL INCENTIVES AGRICULTURAL INCOMES AGRICULTURAL LIBERALIZATION AGRICULTURAL MARKET AGRICULTURAL MARKETS AGRICULTURAL POLICY AGRICULTURAL POPULATION AGRICULTURAL POPULATIONS AGRICULTURAL PRICE AGRICULTURAL PRICE SUPPORTS AGRICULTURAL PRICES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL REFORM AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AGRICULTURAL SECTORS AGRICULTURAL TRADE AGRICULTURAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION AGRICULTURAL WAGE AGRICULTURAL WAGES AGRICULTURAL WORKER AGRICULTURAL WORKERS AGRICULTURE AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD INCOME AVERAGE INCOME AVERAGE INCOMES BASE YEAR CAPITAL ACCUMULATION CARIBBEAN REGION COMBINES COMPETITIVENESS CONSUMER PREFERENCES CONSUMER PRICE INDEX CONSUMER PRICES CONSUMERS CONSUMPTION DATA CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE CONSUMPTION INCREASES CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA COUNTRY-SPECIFIC CHARACTERISTICS DECOMPOSITION ANALYSIS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPING REGIONS DEVELOPING WORLD DISTRIBUTIONAL CHANGES DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECT DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECTS DOMESTIC MARKET ECONOMIC EXPANSION ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC POLICY ECONOMIC REVIEW ECONOMIC THEORY EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS EMPIRICAL RESULTS EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE EXCHANGE RATES EXOGENOUS CHANGES EXPORT EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORTS EXTREME POVERTY EXTREME POVERTY LINE EXTREMELY POOR HOUSEHOLDS FARM FARM COMMODITIES FARM HOUSEHOLDS FARM LABOR FARM OUTPUT FARM PRODUCTS FARMERS FOOD CONSUMPTION FOOD MARKETS FOOD PRICES FOOD PRODUCTS GDP GDP DEFLATOR GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL GEOGRAPHIC REGION GINI COEFFICIENT GLOBAL ECONOMY GLOBAL MARKETS GLOBAL POVERTY GROWTH RATE HIGHER INEQUALITY HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD INCOMES HOUSEHOLD PER CAPITA INCOME HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSEHOLD WELFARE IMPORT BARRIERS IMPORT TARIFF INCIDENCE OF POVERTY INCOME INCOME DATA INCOME DISPARITIES INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME DISTRIBUTION DATA INCOME DISTRIBUTIONS INCOME GAINS INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME LEVELS INCOME REDISTRIBUTION INCOME SHARE INCOME SOURCE INCREASED INEQUALITY INEQUALITY COEFFICIENT INEQUALITY DECOMPOSITION INEQUALITY MEASURE INEQUALITY RESULTS INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TRADE LABOR MARKET LABOUR EARNINGS LDCS LOCAL FARMERS LOW INCOME MACROECONOMIC MODELS MEAN INCOMES MEASUREMENT ERRORS MULTILATERAL TRADE NATIONAL ECONOMIES NATIONAL INCOME NEGATIVE RELATIONSHIP NEGATIVE SHOCK PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA INCOME POLICY REFORM POLICY REFORMS POLICY RESEARCH POOR GROWTH POOR HOUSEHOLDS POOR PEOPLE POST-REFORM POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY CHANGES POVERTY INCIDENCE POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY OUTCOMES POVERTY REDUCTION POWER PARITY PREFERENTIAL ACCESS PRICE CHANGES PRICE INCREASES PRICE INDICES PRIMARY EDUCATION PRODUCER INCENTIVES PRODUCTION COSTS PROPORTIONAL IMPACT PUBLIC GOODS PURCHASING POWER RATE QUOTAS REAL GDP REAL INCOME REAL WAGE REAL WAGES REDISTRIBUTIVE EFFECTS REDUCTION IN POVERTY REGIONAL DIFFERENCES REGIONAL PATTERN REGIONAL PATTERNS REGIONAL TRADING AGREEMENTS REGRESSION ANALYSIS RELATIVE PRICES RELATIVE WAGES RESOURCE ALLOCATION SKILL LEVEL SKILLED WORKERS STRUCTURAL CHANGE TARIFF RATE TRADE AGREEMENTS TRADE BARRIERS TRADE DISPUTES TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE NEGOTIATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRANSITION ECONOMIES URUGUAY ROUND UTILITY FUNCTION VALUE ADDED VOLUME WAGE PREMIUM WAGES WEALTH WELFARE INDICATOR WELFARE MEASURE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO
spellingShingle	ABSOLUTE POVERTY AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES AGRICULTURAL GOODS AGRICULTURAL GROUPS AGRICULTURAL IMPORTS AGRICULTURAL INCENTIVES AGRICULTURAL INCOMES AGRICULTURAL LIBERALIZATION AGRICULTURAL MARKET AGRICULTURAL MARKETS AGRICULTURAL POLICY AGRICULTURAL POPULATION AGRICULTURAL POPULATIONS AGRICULTURAL PRICE AGRICULTURAL PRICE SUPPORTS AGRICULTURAL PRICES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL REFORM AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AGRICULTURAL SECTORS AGRICULTURAL TRADE AGRICULTURAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION AGRICULTURAL WAGE AGRICULTURAL WAGES AGRICULTURAL WORKER AGRICULTURAL WORKERS AGRICULTURE AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD INCOME AVERAGE INCOME AVERAGE INCOMES BASE YEAR CAPITAL ACCUMULATION CARIBBEAN REGION COMBINES COMPETITIVENESS CONSUMER PREFERENCES CONSUMER PRICE INDEX CONSUMER PRICES CONSUMERS CONSUMPTION DATA CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE CONSUMPTION INCREASES CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA COUNTRY-SPECIFIC CHARACTERISTICS DECOMPOSITION ANALYSIS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPING REGIONS DEVELOPING WORLD DISTRIBUTIONAL CHANGES DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECT DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECTS DOMESTIC MARKET ECONOMIC EXPANSION ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC POLICY ECONOMIC REVIEW ECONOMIC THEORY EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS EMPIRICAL RESULTS EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE EXCHANGE RATES EXOGENOUS CHANGES EXPORT EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORTS EXTREME POVERTY EXTREME POVERTY LINE EXTREMELY POOR HOUSEHOLDS FARM FARM COMMODITIES FARM HOUSEHOLDS FARM LABOR FARM OUTPUT FARM PRODUCTS FARMERS FOOD CONSUMPTION FOOD MARKETS FOOD PRICES FOOD PRODUCTS GDP GDP DEFLATOR GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL GEOGRAPHIC REGION GINI COEFFICIENT GLOBAL ECONOMY GLOBAL MARKETS GLOBAL POVERTY GROWTH RATE HIGHER INEQUALITY HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD INCOMES HOUSEHOLD PER CAPITA INCOME HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSEHOLD WELFARE IMPORT BARRIERS IMPORT TARIFF INCIDENCE OF POVERTY INCOME INCOME DATA INCOME DISPARITIES INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME DISTRIBUTION DATA INCOME DISTRIBUTIONS INCOME GAINS INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME LEVELS INCOME REDISTRIBUTION INCOME SHARE INCOME SOURCE INCREASED INEQUALITY INEQUALITY COEFFICIENT INEQUALITY DECOMPOSITION INEQUALITY MEASURE INEQUALITY RESULTS INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TRADE LABOR MARKET LABOUR EARNINGS LDCS LOCAL FARMERS LOW INCOME MACROECONOMIC MODELS MEAN INCOMES MEASUREMENT ERRORS MULTILATERAL TRADE NATIONAL ECONOMIES NATIONAL INCOME NEGATIVE RELATIONSHIP NEGATIVE SHOCK PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA INCOME POLICY REFORM POLICY REFORMS POLICY RESEARCH POOR GROWTH POOR HOUSEHOLDS POOR PEOPLE POST-REFORM POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY CHANGES POVERTY INCIDENCE POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY OUTCOMES POVERTY REDUCTION POWER PARITY PREFERENTIAL ACCESS PRICE CHANGES PRICE INCREASES PRICE INDICES PRIMARY EDUCATION PRODUCER INCENTIVES PRODUCTION COSTS PROPORTIONAL IMPACT PUBLIC GOODS PURCHASING POWER RATE QUOTAS REAL GDP REAL INCOME REAL WAGE REAL WAGES REDISTRIBUTIVE EFFECTS REDUCTION IN POVERTY REGIONAL DIFFERENCES REGIONAL PATTERN REGIONAL PATTERNS REGIONAL TRADING AGREEMENTS REGRESSION ANALYSIS RELATIVE PRICES RELATIVE WAGES RESOURCE ALLOCATION SKILL LEVEL SKILLED WORKERS STRUCTURAL CHANGE TARIFF RATE TRADE AGREEMENTS TRADE BARRIERS TRADE DISPUTES TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE NEGOTIATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRANSITION ECONOMIES URUGUAY ROUND UTILITY FUNCTION VALUE ADDED VOLUME WAGE PREMIUM WAGES WEALTH WELFARE INDICATOR WELFARE MEASURE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO Bussolo, Maurizio De Hoyos, Rafael Medvedev, Denis Global Poverty and Distributional Impacts of Agricultural Distortions
relation	Agricultural Distortions Working Paper;97
description	This paper assesses the potential impacts of the removal of agricultural and other trade distortions using a newly developed dataset and methodological approach for evaluating the global poverty and inequality effects of policy reforms. It finds that liberalization of agriculture will increase global extreme poverty (US$1 a day) slightly and by almost 1 percent if other goods trade is also liberalized; but the number of people living on less than $2 a day will fall by almost 1 percent. Beneath these small aggregate changes, most countries witness a substantial reduction in poverty while South Asia where half of the world's poor reside will experience an increase in extreme (but not moderate) poverty incidence due to high rates of protection afforded to its unskilled labor-intensive agricultural sectors. The distributional changes also are projected to be mild, but again exhibit a strong regional pattern: inequality falls in Latin America, which is characterized by high initial inequality, and rises in South Asia, has relatively low income inequality.
format	Working Paper
author	Bussolo, Maurizio De Hoyos, Rafael Medvedev, Denis
author_facet	Bussolo, Maurizio De Hoyos, Rafael Medvedev, Denis
author_sort	Bussolo, Maurizio
title	Global Poverty and Distributional Impacts of Agricultural Distortions
title_short	Global Poverty and Distributional Impacts of Agricultural Distortions
title_full	Global Poverty and Distributional Impacts of Agricultural Distortions
title_fullStr	Global Poverty and Distributional Impacts of Agricultural Distortions
title_full_unstemmed	Global Poverty and Distributional Impacts of Agricultural Distortions
title_sort	global poverty and distributional impacts of agricultural distortions
publisher	World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate	2017
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/589601468156901139/Global-poverty-and-distributional-impacts-of-agricultural-distortions http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28154
_version_	1764465398982377472
spelling	okr-10986-281542021-04-23T14:04:45Z Global Poverty and Distributional Impacts of Agricultural Distortions Bussolo, Maurizio De Hoyos, Rafael Medvedev, Denis ABSOLUTE POVERTY AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES AGRICULTURAL GOODS AGRICULTURAL GROUPS AGRICULTURAL IMPORTS AGRICULTURAL INCENTIVES AGRICULTURAL INCOMES AGRICULTURAL LIBERALIZATION AGRICULTURAL MARKET AGRICULTURAL MARKETS AGRICULTURAL POLICY AGRICULTURAL POPULATION AGRICULTURAL POPULATIONS AGRICULTURAL PRICE AGRICULTURAL PRICE SUPPORTS AGRICULTURAL PRICES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL REFORM AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AGRICULTURAL SECTORS AGRICULTURAL TRADE AGRICULTURAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION AGRICULTURAL WAGE AGRICULTURAL WAGES AGRICULTURAL WORKER AGRICULTURAL WORKERS AGRICULTURE AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD INCOME AVERAGE INCOME AVERAGE INCOMES BASE YEAR CAPITAL ACCUMULATION CARIBBEAN REGION COMBINES COMPETITIVENESS CONSUMER PREFERENCES CONSUMER PRICE INDEX CONSUMER PRICES CONSUMERS CONSUMPTION DATA CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE CONSUMPTION INCREASES CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA COUNTRY-SPECIFIC CHARACTERISTICS DECOMPOSITION ANALYSIS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPING REGIONS DEVELOPING WORLD DISTRIBUTIONAL CHANGES DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECT DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECTS DOMESTIC MARKET ECONOMIC EXPANSION ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC POLICY ECONOMIC REVIEW ECONOMIC THEORY EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS EMPIRICAL RESULTS EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE EXCHANGE RATES EXOGENOUS CHANGES EXPORT EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORTS EXTREME POVERTY EXTREME POVERTY LINE EXTREMELY POOR HOUSEHOLDS FARM FARM COMMODITIES FARM HOUSEHOLDS FARM LABOR FARM OUTPUT FARM PRODUCTS FARMERS FOOD CONSUMPTION FOOD MARKETS FOOD PRICES FOOD PRODUCTS GDP GDP DEFLATOR GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL GEOGRAPHIC REGION GINI COEFFICIENT GLOBAL ECONOMY GLOBAL MARKETS GLOBAL POVERTY GROWTH RATE HIGHER INEQUALITY HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD INCOMES HOUSEHOLD PER CAPITA INCOME HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSEHOLD WELFARE IMPORT BARRIERS IMPORT TARIFF INCIDENCE OF POVERTY INCOME INCOME DATA INCOME DISPARITIES INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME DISTRIBUTION DATA INCOME DISTRIBUTIONS INCOME GAINS INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME LEVELS INCOME REDISTRIBUTION INCOME SHARE INCOME SOURCE INCREASED INEQUALITY INEQUALITY COEFFICIENT INEQUALITY DECOMPOSITION INEQUALITY MEASURE INEQUALITY RESULTS INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TRADE LABOR MARKET LABOUR EARNINGS LDCS LOCAL FARMERS LOW INCOME MACROECONOMIC MODELS MEAN INCOMES MEASUREMENT ERRORS MULTILATERAL TRADE NATIONAL ECONOMIES NATIONAL INCOME NEGATIVE RELATIONSHIP NEGATIVE SHOCK PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA INCOME POLICY REFORM POLICY REFORMS POLICY RESEARCH POOR GROWTH POOR HOUSEHOLDS POOR PEOPLE POST-REFORM POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY CHANGES POVERTY INCIDENCE POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY OUTCOMES POVERTY REDUCTION POWER PARITY PREFERENTIAL ACCESS PRICE CHANGES PRICE INCREASES PRICE INDICES PRIMARY EDUCATION PRODUCER INCENTIVES PRODUCTION COSTS PROPORTIONAL IMPACT PUBLIC GOODS PURCHASING POWER RATE QUOTAS REAL GDP REAL INCOME REAL WAGE REAL WAGES REDISTRIBUTIVE EFFECTS REDUCTION IN POVERTY REGIONAL DIFFERENCES REGIONAL PATTERN REGIONAL PATTERNS REGIONAL TRADING AGREEMENTS REGRESSION ANALYSIS RELATIVE PRICES RELATIVE WAGES RESOURCE ALLOCATION SKILL LEVEL SKILLED WORKERS STRUCTURAL CHANGE TARIFF RATE TRADE AGREEMENTS TRADE BARRIERS TRADE DISPUTES TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE NEGOTIATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRANSITION ECONOMIES URUGUAY ROUND UTILITY FUNCTION VALUE ADDED VOLUME WAGE PREMIUM WAGES WEALTH WELFARE INDICATOR WELFARE MEASURE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO This paper assesses the potential impacts of the removal of agricultural and other trade distortions using a newly developed dataset and methodological approach for evaluating the global poverty and inequality effects of policy reforms. It finds that liberalization of agriculture will increase global extreme poverty (US$1 a day) slightly and by almost 1 percent if other goods trade is also liberalized; but the number of people living on less than $2 a day will fall by almost 1 percent. Beneath these small aggregate changes, most countries witness a substantial reduction in poverty while South Asia where half of the world's poor reside will experience an increase in extreme (but not moderate) poverty incidence due to high rates of protection afforded to its unskilled labor-intensive agricultural sectors. The distributional changes also are projected to be mild, but again exhibit a strong regional pattern: inequality falls in Latin America, which is characterized by high initial inequality, and rises in South Asia, has relatively low income inequality. 2017-09-07T16:22:38Z 2017-09-07T16:22:38Z 2009-06 Working Paper http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/589601468156901139/Global-poverty-and-distributional-impacts-of-agricultural-distortions http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28154 English en_US Agricultural Distortions Working Paper;97 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Working Paper Publications & Research

Global Poverty and Distributional Impacts of Agricultural Distortions

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