Kenya - HIV Prevention Response and Modes of Transmission Analysis

In 2007, an estimated 33.2 million people in the world were living with HIV, and despite twenty years of prevention programmes, an estimated 2.5 million new infections occurred in that year. Underpinning the shortcoming in the prevention response i...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: World Bank
Format: Other Health Study
Language:English
Published: World Bank 2012
Subjects:
HIV
SEX
STD
TB
Online Access:http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000333038_20090525031238
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3044
id okr-10986-3044
recordtype oai_dc
repository_type Digital Repository
institution_category Foreign Institution
institution Digital Repositories
building World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection World Bank
language English
topic ABSTINENCE
ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME
ADULT POPULATION
AGED
AGING
AIDS CASE
AIDS CASE REPORTING
AIDS DEATHS
AIDS EPIDEMIC
AIDS FUNDING
AIDS RELIEF
AIDS RESEARCH
AIDS SPENDING
ALCOHOL ABUSE
ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES
ANAL SEX
ANTENATAL CLINIC
ANTENATAL CLINICS
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE
BEHAVIOURS
BIOLOGICAL MEASURES
BIOLOGICAL VULNERABILITY
BLOOD PRODUCTS
BLOOD SAFETY
BLOOD SUPPLY
BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS
BURDEN OF DISEASE
CAPACITY BUILDING
CASES OF AIDS
CASUAL SEX
CHILD MORTALITY
CHILD MORTALITY RATES
CHILD PROSTITUTION
COMMERCIAL SEX
COMMUNITY OUTREACH
CONDOM
CONDOM DISTRIBUTION
CONDOM PROMOTION
CONDOM USE
CONDOMS
CONSISTENT CONDOM USE
COUNSELLING
CULTURAL PRACTICES
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
DIAGNOSIS
DIET
DISCRIMINATION
DISEASE
DISEASE CONTROL
DRUGS
ELDERLY
ELDERLY PEOPLE
EMERGENCY PLAN
EPIDEMIC
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
ETHNIC GROUPS
FAMILY HEALTH
FAMILY HEALTH INTERNATIONAL
FAMILY PLANNING
FAMILY PLANNING ASSOCIATION
FEMALE SEX WORKERS
FEMALES
FERTILITY
FOOD PRODUCTION
FOOD SECURITY
GLOBAL HIV/AIDS
GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
HEALTH CARE
HEALTH FACILITIES
HEALTH FACILITY
HERPES
HERPES SIMPLEX
HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS
HETEROSEXUAL CONTACT
HETEROSEXUAL SEX
HETEROSEXUAL TRANSMISSION
HIV
HIV INFECTED PEOPLE
HIV INFECTION
HIV INFECTIONS
HIV POSITIVE
HIV PREVENTION
HIV TESTING
HIV TRANSMISSION
HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS
IMMUNODEFICIENCY
INFANT
INJECTING DRUG USE
INJECTING DRUG USERS
INJECTION DRUG
INJECTION DRUG USE
INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION
LACK OF KNOWLEDGE
LEVELS OF EDUCATION
LIFE EXPECTANCY
MALE CIRCUMCISION
MALE PEERS
MALE PRISONERS
MALE SEX
MALE SEX WORKERS
MARITAL STATUS
MARRIED COUPLES
MIGRANT
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION
MINISTRY OF HEALTH
MODE OF TRANSMISSION
MORTALITY
MORTALITY RATE
MOTHER
MOTHER-TO-CHILD
MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION
MULTIPLE PARTNERS
MULTIPLE SEXUAL PARTNERS
NATIONAL AIDS
NATIONAL AIDS CONTROL
NATIONAL LEVEL
NATIONAL POLICIES
NATIONAL SECURITY
NEEDLE SHARING
NEEDLES
NEW INFECTIONS
NUMBER OF ADULTS
NUMBER OF AIDS DEATHS
NUMBER OF COUPLES
NUMBER OF DEATHS
NUMBER OF NEW CASES
NUMBER OF NEW INFECTIONS
NUMBER OF PEOPLE
NUMBER OF WOMEN
OLD AGE
OLDER AGE GROUPS
OLDER MEN
ORPHANS
OUTREACH ACTIVITIES
PARTNER REDUCTION
POLICY RESEARCH
POPULATION INCREASES
POPULATION PROJECTIONS
POST-EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS
POSTNATAL CARE
PREGNANT WOMEN
PREVALENCE
PREVALENCE RATE
PREVALENCE RATES
PREVALENT INFECTIONS
PREVENTION ACTIVITIES
PREVENTION EFFORTS
PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS
PREVENTION METHODS
PREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION
PREVENTION STRATEGIES
PRIMARY EDUCATION
PROGRESS
RAPE
RATE OF CONDOM USE
RATES OF TRANSMISSION
RECREATION
REFUGEE
REFUGEE CAMPS
REFUGEES
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICES
RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS
RESOURCE ALLOCATIONS
RESOURCE FLOWS
RISK OF EXPOSURE
RISK OF INFECTION
RISK OF TRANSMISSION
RISK POPULATIONS
RISK REDUCTION
RURAL AREAS
RURAL WOMEN
SAFE SEX
SAFER SEX
SECONDARY EDUCATION
SERVICE PROVISION
SEX
SEX PARTNERS
SEX WITH MEN
SEX WORK
SEX WORKER
SEX WORKERS
SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR
SEXUAL CONTACTS
SEXUAL ENCOUNTERS
SEXUAL NETWORKING
SEXUAL PARTNER
SEXUAL PARTNERS
SEXUAL PARTNERSHIPS
SEXUAL PRACTICES
SEXUAL VIOLENCE
SEXUALLY ACTIVE
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTION
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
SOCIAL NORMS
STD
STD CONTROL
STDS
STIS
STRATEGIC PRIORITIES
SURVEILLANCE DATA
SYPHILIS
TB
THERAPY
TRANSMISSION OF INFECTION
TREATMENT
TUBERCULOSIS
UNAIDS
UNFPA
UNIONS
UNIVERSAL ACCESS
UNPROTECTED SEX
URBAN AREAS
URBAN CENTRES
URBAN MIGRATION
URBAN WOMEN
VULNERABILITY
VULNERABLE CHILDREN
VULNERABLE GROUPS
WOMAN
YOUNG MEN
YOUNG PEOPLE
YOUNG WOMEN
spellingShingle ABSTINENCE
ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME
ADULT POPULATION
AGED
AGING
AIDS CASE
AIDS CASE REPORTING
AIDS DEATHS
AIDS EPIDEMIC
AIDS FUNDING
AIDS RELIEF
AIDS RESEARCH
AIDS SPENDING
ALCOHOL ABUSE
ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES
ANAL SEX
ANTENATAL CLINIC
ANTENATAL CLINICS
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE
BEHAVIOURS
BIOLOGICAL MEASURES
BIOLOGICAL VULNERABILITY
BLOOD PRODUCTS
BLOOD SAFETY
BLOOD SUPPLY
BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS
BURDEN OF DISEASE
CAPACITY BUILDING
CASES OF AIDS
CASUAL SEX
CHILD MORTALITY
CHILD MORTALITY RATES
CHILD PROSTITUTION
COMMERCIAL SEX
COMMUNITY OUTREACH
CONDOM
CONDOM DISTRIBUTION
CONDOM PROMOTION
CONDOM USE
CONDOMS
CONSISTENT CONDOM USE
COUNSELLING
CULTURAL PRACTICES
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
DIAGNOSIS
DIET
DISCRIMINATION
DISEASE
DISEASE CONTROL
DRUGS
ELDERLY
ELDERLY PEOPLE
EMERGENCY PLAN
EPIDEMIC
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
ETHNIC GROUPS
FAMILY HEALTH
FAMILY HEALTH INTERNATIONAL
FAMILY PLANNING
FAMILY PLANNING ASSOCIATION
FEMALE SEX WORKERS
FEMALES
FERTILITY
FOOD PRODUCTION
FOOD SECURITY
GLOBAL HIV/AIDS
GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
HEALTH CARE
HEALTH FACILITIES
HEALTH FACILITY
HERPES
HERPES SIMPLEX
HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS
HETEROSEXUAL CONTACT
HETEROSEXUAL SEX
HETEROSEXUAL TRANSMISSION
HIV
HIV INFECTED PEOPLE
HIV INFECTION
HIV INFECTIONS
HIV POSITIVE
HIV PREVENTION
HIV TESTING
HIV TRANSMISSION
HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS
IMMUNODEFICIENCY
INFANT
INJECTING DRUG USE
INJECTING DRUG USERS
INJECTION DRUG
INJECTION DRUG USE
INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION
LACK OF KNOWLEDGE
LEVELS OF EDUCATION
LIFE EXPECTANCY
MALE CIRCUMCISION
MALE PEERS
MALE PRISONERS
MALE SEX
MALE SEX WORKERS
MARITAL STATUS
MARRIED COUPLES
MIGRANT
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION
MINISTRY OF HEALTH
MODE OF TRANSMISSION
MORTALITY
MORTALITY RATE
MOTHER
MOTHER-TO-CHILD
MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION
MULTIPLE PARTNERS
MULTIPLE SEXUAL PARTNERS
NATIONAL AIDS
NATIONAL AIDS CONTROL
NATIONAL LEVEL
NATIONAL POLICIES
NATIONAL SECURITY
NEEDLE SHARING
NEEDLES
NEW INFECTIONS
NUMBER OF ADULTS
NUMBER OF AIDS DEATHS
NUMBER OF COUPLES
NUMBER OF DEATHS
NUMBER OF NEW CASES
NUMBER OF NEW INFECTIONS
NUMBER OF PEOPLE
NUMBER OF WOMEN
OLD AGE
OLDER AGE GROUPS
OLDER MEN
ORPHANS
OUTREACH ACTIVITIES
PARTNER REDUCTION
POLICY RESEARCH
POPULATION INCREASES
POPULATION PROJECTIONS
POST-EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS
POSTNATAL CARE
PREGNANT WOMEN
PREVALENCE
PREVALENCE RATE
PREVALENCE RATES
PREVALENT INFECTIONS
PREVENTION ACTIVITIES
PREVENTION EFFORTS
PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS
PREVENTION METHODS
PREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION
PREVENTION STRATEGIES
PRIMARY EDUCATION
PROGRESS
RAPE
RATE OF CONDOM USE
RATES OF TRANSMISSION
RECREATION
REFUGEE
REFUGEE CAMPS
REFUGEES
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICES
RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS
RESOURCE ALLOCATIONS
RESOURCE FLOWS
RISK OF EXPOSURE
RISK OF INFECTION
RISK OF TRANSMISSION
RISK POPULATIONS
RISK REDUCTION
RURAL AREAS
RURAL WOMEN
SAFE SEX
SAFER SEX
SECONDARY EDUCATION
SERVICE PROVISION
SEX
SEX PARTNERS
SEX WITH MEN
SEX WORK
SEX WORKER
SEX WORKERS
SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR
SEXUAL CONTACTS
SEXUAL ENCOUNTERS
SEXUAL NETWORKING
SEXUAL PARTNER
SEXUAL PARTNERS
SEXUAL PARTNERSHIPS
SEXUAL PRACTICES
SEXUAL VIOLENCE
SEXUALLY ACTIVE
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTION
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
SOCIAL NORMS
STD
STD CONTROL
STDS
STIS
STRATEGIC PRIORITIES
SURVEILLANCE DATA
SYPHILIS
TB
THERAPY
TRANSMISSION OF INFECTION
TREATMENT
TUBERCULOSIS
UNAIDS
UNFPA
UNIONS
UNIVERSAL ACCESS
UNPROTECTED SEX
URBAN AREAS
URBAN CENTRES
URBAN MIGRATION
URBAN WOMEN
VULNERABILITY
VULNERABLE CHILDREN
VULNERABLE GROUPS
WOMAN
YOUNG MEN
YOUNG PEOPLE
YOUNG WOMEN
World Bank
Kenya - HIV Prevention Response and Modes of Transmission Analysis
geographic_facet Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa
East Africa
Kenya
description In 2007, an estimated 33.2 million people in the world were living with HIV, and despite twenty years of prevention programmes, an estimated 2.5 million new infections occurred in that year. Underpinning the shortcoming in the prevention response is the inadequate use of evidence to inform the response. The result has been largely ineffective prevention interventions, with non-optimal use of available resources and the loss of early opportunities to address the unique factors driving infection in the populations most at risk within the country. The overall objective of this study is: 'to contribute to the ongoing efforts to understand the epidemic and response in Kenya and thus help the country improve the scope (doing the right kind of activities), relevance (with the right populations) and comprehensiveness (reaching all members of target populations) with HIV prevention efforts', with an ultimate goal of helping Kenya make more effective HIV/AIDS-related decisions. The report then assesses the relevance, comprehensiveness and cost of major HIV responses in relation to the epidemiological analysis and policy environment, and draws some conclusions about the state of the epidemic and about whether the prevention responses (and the resources allocated to them) are congruent with the evidence on where resources should best be directed. This study describes the epidemiology of HIV in Kenya over time: trends in HIV prevalence and incidence, magnitude and current phase of the epidemic, the main transmission pathways for new infections; and the heterogeneity of the HIV epidemic (by sex, geography, age group, and risk behaviors).
format Economic & Sector Work :: Other Health Study
author World Bank
author_facet World Bank
author_sort World Bank
title Kenya - HIV Prevention Response and Modes of Transmission Analysis
title_short Kenya - HIV Prevention Response and Modes of Transmission Analysis
title_full Kenya - HIV Prevention Response and Modes of Transmission Analysis
title_fullStr Kenya - HIV Prevention Response and Modes of Transmission Analysis
title_full_unstemmed Kenya - HIV Prevention Response and Modes of Transmission Analysis
title_sort kenya - hiv prevention response and modes of transmission analysis
publisher World Bank
publishDate 2012
url http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000333038_20090525031238
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3044
_version_ 1764386382221934592
spelling okr-10986-30442021-06-14T10:48:27Z Kenya - HIV Prevention Response and Modes of Transmission Analysis World Bank ABSTINENCE ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME ADULT POPULATION AGED AGING AIDS CASE AIDS CASE REPORTING AIDS DEATHS AIDS EPIDEMIC AIDS FUNDING AIDS RELIEF AIDS RESEARCH AIDS SPENDING ALCOHOL ABUSE ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES ANAL SEX ANTENATAL CLINIC ANTENATAL CLINICS BEHAVIOUR CHANGE BEHAVIOURS BIOLOGICAL MEASURES BIOLOGICAL VULNERABILITY BLOOD PRODUCTS BLOOD SAFETY BLOOD SUPPLY BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS BURDEN OF DISEASE CAPACITY BUILDING CASES OF AIDS CASUAL SEX CHILD MORTALITY CHILD MORTALITY RATES CHILD PROSTITUTION COMMERCIAL SEX COMMUNITY OUTREACH CONDOM CONDOM DISTRIBUTION CONDOM PROMOTION CONDOM USE CONDOMS CONSISTENT CONDOM USE COUNSELLING CULTURAL PRACTICES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DIAGNOSIS DIET DISCRIMINATION DISEASE DISEASE CONTROL DRUGS ELDERLY ELDERLY PEOPLE EMERGENCY PLAN EPIDEMIC EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA EPIDEMIOLOGY ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS ETHNIC GROUPS FAMILY HEALTH FAMILY HEALTH INTERNATIONAL FAMILY PLANNING FAMILY PLANNING ASSOCIATION FEMALE SEX WORKERS FEMALES FERTILITY FOOD PRODUCTION FOOD SECURITY GLOBAL HIV/AIDS GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HEALTH CARE HEALTH FACILITIES HEALTH FACILITY HERPES HERPES SIMPLEX HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS HETEROSEXUAL CONTACT HETEROSEXUAL SEX HETEROSEXUAL TRANSMISSION HIV HIV INFECTED PEOPLE HIV INFECTION HIV INFECTIONS HIV POSITIVE HIV PREVENTION HIV TESTING HIV TRANSMISSION HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS IMMUNODEFICIENCY INFANT INJECTING DRUG USE INJECTING DRUG USERS INJECTION DRUG INJECTION DRUG USE INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION LACK OF KNOWLEDGE LEVELS OF EDUCATION LIFE EXPECTANCY MALE CIRCUMCISION MALE PEERS MALE PRISONERS MALE SEX MALE SEX WORKERS MARITAL STATUS MARRIED COUPLES MIGRANT MINISTRY OF EDUCATION MINISTRY OF HEALTH MODE OF TRANSMISSION MORTALITY MORTALITY RATE MOTHER MOTHER-TO-CHILD MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION MULTIPLE PARTNERS MULTIPLE SEXUAL PARTNERS NATIONAL AIDS NATIONAL AIDS CONTROL NATIONAL LEVEL NATIONAL POLICIES NATIONAL SECURITY NEEDLE SHARING NEEDLES NEW INFECTIONS NUMBER OF ADULTS NUMBER OF AIDS DEATHS NUMBER OF COUPLES NUMBER OF DEATHS NUMBER OF NEW CASES NUMBER OF NEW INFECTIONS NUMBER OF PEOPLE NUMBER OF WOMEN OLD AGE OLDER AGE GROUPS OLDER MEN ORPHANS OUTREACH ACTIVITIES PARTNER REDUCTION POLICY RESEARCH POPULATION INCREASES POPULATION PROJECTIONS POST-EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS POSTNATAL CARE PREGNANT WOMEN PREVALENCE PREVALENCE RATE PREVALENCE RATES PREVALENT INFECTIONS PREVENTION ACTIVITIES PREVENTION EFFORTS PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS PREVENTION METHODS PREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION PREVENTION STRATEGIES PRIMARY EDUCATION PROGRESS RAPE RATE OF CONDOM USE RATES OF TRANSMISSION RECREATION REFUGEE REFUGEE CAMPS REFUGEES REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS RESOURCE ALLOCATIONS RESOURCE FLOWS RISK OF EXPOSURE RISK OF INFECTION RISK OF TRANSMISSION RISK POPULATIONS RISK REDUCTION RURAL AREAS RURAL WOMEN SAFE SEX SAFER SEX SECONDARY EDUCATION SERVICE PROVISION SEX SEX PARTNERS SEX WITH MEN SEX WORK SEX WORKER SEX WORKERS SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR SEXUAL CONTACTS SEXUAL ENCOUNTERS SEXUAL NETWORKING SEXUAL PARTNER SEXUAL PARTNERS SEXUAL PARTNERSHIPS SEXUAL PRACTICES SEXUAL VIOLENCE SEXUALLY ACTIVE SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTION SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS SOCIAL NORMS STD STD CONTROL STDS STIS STRATEGIC PRIORITIES SURVEILLANCE DATA SYPHILIS TB THERAPY TRANSMISSION OF INFECTION TREATMENT TUBERCULOSIS UNAIDS UNFPA UNIONS UNIVERSAL ACCESS UNPROTECTED SEX URBAN AREAS URBAN CENTRES URBAN MIGRATION URBAN WOMEN VULNERABILITY VULNERABLE CHILDREN VULNERABLE GROUPS WOMAN YOUNG MEN YOUNG PEOPLE YOUNG WOMEN In 2007, an estimated 33.2 million people in the world were living with HIV, and despite twenty years of prevention programmes, an estimated 2.5 million new infections occurred in that year. Underpinning the shortcoming in the prevention response is the inadequate use of evidence to inform the response. The result has been largely ineffective prevention interventions, with non-optimal use of available resources and the loss of early opportunities to address the unique factors driving infection in the populations most at risk within the country. The overall objective of this study is: 'to contribute to the ongoing efforts to understand the epidemic and response in Kenya and thus help the country improve the scope (doing the right kind of activities), relevance (with the right populations) and comprehensiveness (reaching all members of target populations) with HIV prevention efforts', with an ultimate goal of helping Kenya make more effective HIV/AIDS-related decisions. The report then assesses the relevance, comprehensiveness and cost of major HIV responses in relation to the epidemiological analysis and policy environment, and draws some conclusions about the state of the epidemic and about whether the prevention responses (and the resources allocated to them) are congruent with the evidence on where resources should best be directed. This study describes the epidemiology of HIV in Kenya over time: trends in HIV prevalence and incidence, magnitude and current phase of the epidemic, the main transmission pathways for new infections; and the heterogeneity of the HIV epidemic (by sex, geography, age group, and risk behaviors). 2012-03-19T17:23:07Z 2012-03-19T17:23:07Z 2009-03-01 http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000333038_20090525031238 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3044 English CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank Economic & Sector Work :: Other Health Study Africa Sub-Saharan Africa East Africa Kenya