Fecal Indicator Bacteria along Multiple Environmental Transmission Pathways (Water, Hands, Food, Soil, Flies) and Subsequent Child Diarrhea in Rural Bangladesh

Enteric pathogens can be transmitted through multiple environmental pathways, yet little is known about the relative contribution of each pathway to diarrhea risk among children. We aimed to identify fecal transmission pathways in the household environment associated with prospectively measured chil...

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Main Authors:	Pickering, Amy J., Ercumen, Ayse, Arnold, Benjamin F., Kwong, Laura H., Parvez, Sarker Masud, Alam, Mahfuja, Sen, Debashis, Islam, Sharmin, Kullman, Craig, Chase, Claire, Ahmed, Rokeya, Unicomb, Leanne, Colford, John M., Jr., Luby, Stephen P.
Format:	Journal Article
Published:	American Chemical Society 2019
Subjects:	DIARRHEA DRINKING WATER WATER AND SANITATION ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION
Online Access:	http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31344

id	okr-10986-31344
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-313442021-05-25T10:54:36Z Fecal Indicator Bacteria along Multiple Environmental Transmission Pathways (Water, Hands, Food, Soil, Flies) and Subsequent Child Diarrhea in Rural Bangladesh Pickering, Amy J. Ercumen, Ayse Arnold, Benjamin F. Kwong, Laura H. Parvez, Sarker Masud Alam, Mahfuja Sen, Debashis Islam, Sharmin Kullman, Craig Chase, Claire Ahmed, Rokeya Unicomb, Leanne Colford, John M., Jr. Luby, Stephen P. DIARRHEA DRINKING WATER WATER AND SANITATION ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION Enteric pathogens can be transmitted through multiple environmental pathways, yet little is known about the relative contribution of each pathway to diarrhea risk among children. We aimed to identify fecal transmission pathways in the household environment associated with prospectively measured child diarrhea in rural Bangladesh. We measured the presence and levels of Escherichia coli in tube wells, stored drinking water, pond water, child hand rinses, courtyard soil, flies, and food in 1843 households. Gastrointestinal symptoms among children ages 0–60 months were recorded concurrently at the time of environmental sample collection and again a median of 6 days later. Incident diarrhea (3 or more loose stools in a 24-h period) was positively associated with the concentration of E. coli on child hands measured on the first visit (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 1.23, 95% CI 1.06, 1.43 for a log10 increase), while other pathways were not associated. In cross-sectional analysis, there were no associations between concurrently measured environmental contamination and diarrhea. Our findings suggest higher levels of E. coli on child hands are strongly associated with subsequent diarrheal illness rates among children in rural Bangladesh. 2019-03-05T20:50:17Z 2019-03-05T20:50:17Z 2018-06-14 Journal Article Environmental Science and Technology http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31344 CC BY 4.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 World Bank American Chemical Society Publications & Research :: Journal Article Publications & Research South Asia Bangladesh
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
topic	DIARRHEA DRINKING WATER WATER AND SANITATION ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION
spellingShingle	DIARRHEA DRINKING WATER WATER AND SANITATION ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION Pickering, Amy J. Ercumen, Ayse Arnold, Benjamin F. Kwong, Laura H. Parvez, Sarker Masud Alam, Mahfuja Sen, Debashis Islam, Sharmin Kullman, Craig Chase, Claire Ahmed, Rokeya Unicomb, Leanne Colford, John M., Jr. Luby, Stephen P. Fecal Indicator Bacteria along Multiple Environmental Transmission Pathways (Water, Hands, Food, Soil, Flies) and Subsequent Child Diarrhea in Rural Bangladesh
geographic_facet	South Asia Bangladesh
description	Enteric pathogens can be transmitted through multiple environmental pathways, yet little is known about the relative contribution of each pathway to diarrhea risk among children. We aimed to identify fecal transmission pathways in the household environment associated with prospectively measured child diarrhea in rural Bangladesh. We measured the presence and levels of Escherichia coli in tube wells, stored drinking water, pond water, child hand rinses, courtyard soil, flies, and food in 1843 households. Gastrointestinal symptoms among children ages 0–60 months were recorded concurrently at the time of environmental sample collection and again a median of 6 days later. Incident diarrhea (3 or more loose stools in a 24-h period) was positively associated with the concentration of E. coli on child hands measured on the first visit (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 1.23, 95% CI 1.06, 1.43 for a log10 increase), while other pathways were not associated. In cross-sectional analysis, there were no associations between concurrently measured environmental contamination and diarrhea. Our findings suggest higher levels of E. coli on child hands are strongly associated with subsequent diarrheal illness rates among children in rural Bangladesh.
format	Journal Article
author	Pickering, Amy J. Ercumen, Ayse Arnold, Benjamin F. Kwong, Laura H. Parvez, Sarker Masud Alam, Mahfuja Sen, Debashis Islam, Sharmin Kullman, Craig Chase, Claire Ahmed, Rokeya Unicomb, Leanne Colford, John M., Jr. Luby, Stephen P.
author_facet	Pickering, Amy J. Ercumen, Ayse Arnold, Benjamin F. Kwong, Laura H. Parvez, Sarker Masud Alam, Mahfuja Sen, Debashis Islam, Sharmin Kullman, Craig Chase, Claire Ahmed, Rokeya Unicomb, Leanne Colford, John M., Jr. Luby, Stephen P.
author_sort	Pickering, Amy J.
title	Fecal Indicator Bacteria along Multiple Environmental Transmission Pathways (Water, Hands, Food, Soil, Flies) and Subsequent Child Diarrhea in Rural Bangladesh
title_short	Fecal Indicator Bacteria along Multiple Environmental Transmission Pathways (Water, Hands, Food, Soil, Flies) and Subsequent Child Diarrhea in Rural Bangladesh
title_full	Fecal Indicator Bacteria along Multiple Environmental Transmission Pathways (Water, Hands, Food, Soil, Flies) and Subsequent Child Diarrhea in Rural Bangladesh
title_fullStr	Fecal Indicator Bacteria along Multiple Environmental Transmission Pathways (Water, Hands, Food, Soil, Flies) and Subsequent Child Diarrhea in Rural Bangladesh
title_full_unstemmed	Fecal Indicator Bacteria along Multiple Environmental Transmission Pathways (Water, Hands, Food, Soil, Flies) and Subsequent Child Diarrhea in Rural Bangladesh
title_sort	fecal indicator bacteria along multiple environmental transmission pathways (water, hands, food, soil, flies) and subsequent child diarrhea in rural bangladesh
publisher	American Chemical Society
publishDate	2019
url	http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31344
_version_	1764474113223557120

Fecal Indicator Bacteria along Multiple Environmental Transmission Pathways (Water, Hands, Food, Soil, Flies) and Subsequent Child Diarrhea in Rural Bangladesh

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