Fiscal Implications of Climate Change

This paper provides a primer on the fiscal implications of climate change, in particular the policies for responding to it. Many of the complicated challenges that arise in limiting climate change (through greenhouse gas emissions mitigation), and...

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Main Authors: Jones, Benjamin, Keen, Michael, Strand, Jon
Format: Policy Research Working Paper
Language:English
Published: 2012
Subjects:
AIR
CO
CO2
GHG
OIL
Online Access:http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20120119135947
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3241
id okr-10986-3241
recordtype oai_dc
repository_type Digital Repository
institution_category Foreign Institution
institution Digital Repositories
building World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection World Bank
language English
topic ABATEMENT COSTS
ABATEMENT POLICIES
ABSORPTION
ADAPTATION FUND
ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
ADVERSE IMPACT
AGGREGATE DEMAND
AGGREGATE EMISSIONS
AIR
ALLOCATION
ALLOWANCES
ALUMINUM
ANNUAL EMISSION
APPROACH
ATMOSPHERIC CONCENTRATIONS
BALANCE
BARREL OF OIL
BASELINE EMISSIONS
BURNING FOSSIL FUELS
CAPITAL GAINS
CAPS
CARBON
CARBON CAPTURE
CARBON CREDITS
CARBON EMISSIONS
CARBON MARKET
CARBON MARKETS
CARBON PRICE
CARBON PRICES
CARBON PRICING
CARBON SEQUESTRATION
CARBON TAX
CARBON TAX REGIMES
CARBON TAXES
CATASTROPHIC EVENTS
CHEMICALS
CLEAN DEVELOPMENT
CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM
CLIMATE
CLIMATE CHANGE
CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS
CLIMATE CHANGES
CLIMATE DAMAGE
CLIMATE DAMAGES
CLIMATE EFFECTS
CLIMATE OBJECTIVES
CLIMATE POLICY
CLIMATES
CO
CO2
COAL
COAL RESERVES
COASTAL AREAS
COASTAL ZONES
CONSUMER PRICE
CONVENTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES
CONVERGENCE
COST OF ABATEMENT
CUTTING EMISSIONS
DAMAGES
DEFORESTATION
DIESEL
DIFFUSION
DISCOUNT RATE
DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECTS
DOMESTIC HEATING
DROUGHT
DROUGHT INSURANCE
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
ECONOMIC IMPACT
ECONOMIC IMPACTS
ECONOMICS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
ELASTICITY OF DEMAND
ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION
ELECTRICITY
ELECTRICITY GENERATION
ELECTRICITY PRODUCERS
EMISSION
EMISSION REDUCTION
EMISSION RIGHTS
EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION
EMISSIONS FROM TRANSPORTATION
EMISSIONS INTENSITY
EMISSIONS LIMITS
EMISSIONS PRICES
EMISSIONS QUOTA
EMISSIONS REDUCTION
EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS
EMISSIONS RIGHTS
EMPLOYMENT
ENERGY CONSUMPTION
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
ENERGY INTENSIVE
ENERGY MARKETS
ENERGY POLICY
ENERGY PRICE
ENERGY PRICES
ENERGY SECURITY
ENERGY SUBSIDIES
ENERGY TAXES
ENERGY USE
ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
EXTREME EVENTS
EXTREME WEATHER
EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS
FAT TAILS
FEASIBILITY
FINANCIAL FLOWS
FINANCIAL INFLOWS
FISCAL POLICIES
FOREST
FOREST CARBON
FORESTRY
FOSSIL
FOSSIL ENERGY
FOSSIL FUEL
FOSSIL FUEL DEMAND
FOSSIL FUEL PRICES
FOSSIL FUEL PRODUCERS
FOSSIL FUEL USE
FOSSIL FUELS
FREE ALLOCATION
FUEL DEMAND
FUEL EXTRACTION
FUEL PRICE
FUEL PRICES
FUEL PRICING
FUEL SUPPLY
FUEL TYPE
FUTURE CONSUMPTION
GAS RESERVES
GASOLINE
GASOLINE PRICES
GASOLINE TAX
GASOLINE TAX RATE
GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL
GHG
GHGS
GLOBAL CARBON EMISSIONS
GLOBAL EMISSIONS
GLOBAL WARMING
GREEN TECHNOLOGIES
GREENHOUSE
GREENHOUSE GAS
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS MITIGATION
GREENHOUSE GASES
HARMFUL EMISSIONS
HIGHER ENERGY PRICES
HURRICANE
IMPORTS
INCOME
INCOME TAX CREDIT
INSURANCE
INSURANCE SCHEMES
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
INVESTMENT DECISIONS
IPCC
IRON
KEROSENE
LEVEL OF EMISSIONS
LOWER DISCOUNT RATE
LUMP SUM
LUMP SUM TRANSFERS
MARGINAL ABATEMENT
MARGINAL COST
MARGINAL UTILITY
MARKET FAILURE
MARKET FAILURES
MARKET INTEREST RATE
METALS
MITIGATING CLIMATE CHANGE
MONETARY FUND
MORAL HAZARD
NITROUS OXIDES
NUCLEAR POWER
OCEANS
OIL
OIL PRODUCERS
OIL PRODUCTION
OXIDES
PARTICULATES
PER CAPITA EMISSION
PERFORMANCE STANDARD
PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
PERMIT PRICE
PETROLEUM
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
PHYSICS
PLANT GROWTH
POLLUTANTS
PRECAUTIONARY PRINCIPLE
PRECIPITATION
PRESENT VALUE
PRICE OF ENERGY-INTENSIVE GOODS
PRICE VOLATILITY
PRICES OF ENERGY
PRODUCERS OF ENERGY
PUBLIC ECONOMICS
PUBLIC SPENDING
RADIATION
REDUCTION IN EMISSIONS
REGIONAL GREENHOUSE GAS INITIATIVE
RENEWABLE ENERGY
REVENUE RECYCLING
SCENARIOS
SEQUESTRATION TECHNOLOGIES
SHIPS
STORMS
SUBSTITUTION
SUPPLY SIDE
TAX CREDITS
TAX INTERACTION
TAX POLICIES
TAX RATES
TAX REVENUE
TAX REVENUES
TEMPERATURE
TIGHTER CAP
TOTAL EMISSIONS
TRADABLE ALLOWANCES
UNCERTAINTIES
UTILITIES
UTILITY BILLS
WASTE
WELFARE LOSSES
WIND
WIND SPEEDS
WINDFALL PROFITS
spellingShingle ABATEMENT COSTS
ABATEMENT POLICIES
ABSORPTION
ADAPTATION FUND
ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
ADVERSE IMPACT
AGGREGATE DEMAND
AGGREGATE EMISSIONS
AIR
ALLOCATION
ALLOWANCES
ALUMINUM
ANNUAL EMISSION
APPROACH
ATMOSPHERIC CONCENTRATIONS
BALANCE
BARREL OF OIL
BASELINE EMISSIONS
BURNING FOSSIL FUELS
CAPITAL GAINS
CAPS
CARBON
CARBON CAPTURE
CARBON CREDITS
CARBON EMISSIONS
CARBON MARKET
CARBON MARKETS
CARBON PRICE
CARBON PRICES
CARBON PRICING
CARBON SEQUESTRATION
CARBON TAX
CARBON TAX REGIMES
CARBON TAXES
CATASTROPHIC EVENTS
CHEMICALS
CLEAN DEVELOPMENT
CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM
CLIMATE
CLIMATE CHANGE
CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS
CLIMATE CHANGES
CLIMATE DAMAGE
CLIMATE DAMAGES
CLIMATE EFFECTS
CLIMATE OBJECTIVES
CLIMATE POLICY
CLIMATES
CO
CO2
COAL
COAL RESERVES
COASTAL AREAS
COASTAL ZONES
CONSUMER PRICE
CONVENTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES
CONVERGENCE
COST OF ABATEMENT
CUTTING EMISSIONS
DAMAGES
DEFORESTATION
DIESEL
DIFFUSION
DISCOUNT RATE
DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECTS
DOMESTIC HEATING
DROUGHT
DROUGHT INSURANCE
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
ECONOMIC IMPACT
ECONOMIC IMPACTS
ECONOMICS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
ELASTICITY OF DEMAND
ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION
ELECTRICITY
ELECTRICITY GENERATION
ELECTRICITY PRODUCERS
EMISSION
EMISSION REDUCTION
EMISSION RIGHTS
EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION
EMISSIONS FROM TRANSPORTATION
EMISSIONS INTENSITY
EMISSIONS LIMITS
EMISSIONS PRICES
EMISSIONS QUOTA
EMISSIONS REDUCTION
EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS
EMISSIONS RIGHTS
EMPLOYMENT
ENERGY CONSUMPTION
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
ENERGY INTENSIVE
ENERGY MARKETS
ENERGY POLICY
ENERGY PRICE
ENERGY PRICES
ENERGY SECURITY
ENERGY SUBSIDIES
ENERGY TAXES
ENERGY USE
ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
EXTREME EVENTS
EXTREME WEATHER
EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS
FAT TAILS
FEASIBILITY
FINANCIAL FLOWS
FINANCIAL INFLOWS
FISCAL POLICIES
FOREST
FOREST CARBON
FORESTRY
FOSSIL
FOSSIL ENERGY
FOSSIL FUEL
FOSSIL FUEL DEMAND
FOSSIL FUEL PRICES
FOSSIL FUEL PRODUCERS
FOSSIL FUEL USE
FOSSIL FUELS
FREE ALLOCATION
FUEL DEMAND
FUEL EXTRACTION
FUEL PRICE
FUEL PRICES
FUEL PRICING
FUEL SUPPLY
FUEL TYPE
FUTURE CONSUMPTION
GAS RESERVES
GASOLINE
GASOLINE PRICES
GASOLINE TAX
GASOLINE TAX RATE
GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL
GHG
GHGS
GLOBAL CARBON EMISSIONS
GLOBAL EMISSIONS
GLOBAL WARMING
GREEN TECHNOLOGIES
GREENHOUSE
GREENHOUSE GAS
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS MITIGATION
GREENHOUSE GASES
HARMFUL EMISSIONS
HIGHER ENERGY PRICES
HURRICANE
IMPORTS
INCOME
INCOME TAX CREDIT
INSURANCE
INSURANCE SCHEMES
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
INVESTMENT DECISIONS
IPCC
IRON
KEROSENE
LEVEL OF EMISSIONS
LOWER DISCOUNT RATE
LUMP SUM
LUMP SUM TRANSFERS
MARGINAL ABATEMENT
MARGINAL COST
MARGINAL UTILITY
MARKET FAILURE
MARKET FAILURES
MARKET INTEREST RATE
METALS
MITIGATING CLIMATE CHANGE
MONETARY FUND
MORAL HAZARD
NITROUS OXIDES
NUCLEAR POWER
OCEANS
OIL
OIL PRODUCERS
OIL PRODUCTION
OXIDES
PARTICULATES
PER CAPITA EMISSION
PERFORMANCE STANDARD
PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
PERMIT PRICE
PETROLEUM
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
PHYSICS
PLANT GROWTH
POLLUTANTS
PRECAUTIONARY PRINCIPLE
PRECIPITATION
PRESENT VALUE
PRICE OF ENERGY-INTENSIVE GOODS
PRICE VOLATILITY
PRICES OF ENERGY
PRODUCERS OF ENERGY
PUBLIC ECONOMICS
PUBLIC SPENDING
RADIATION
REDUCTION IN EMISSIONS
REGIONAL GREENHOUSE GAS INITIATIVE
RENEWABLE ENERGY
REVENUE RECYCLING
SCENARIOS
SEQUESTRATION TECHNOLOGIES
SHIPS
STORMS
SUBSTITUTION
SUPPLY SIDE
TAX CREDITS
TAX INTERACTION
TAX POLICIES
TAX RATES
TAX REVENUE
TAX REVENUES
TEMPERATURE
TIGHTER CAP
TOTAL EMISSIONS
TRADABLE ALLOWANCES
UNCERTAINTIES
UTILITIES
UTILITY BILLS
WASTE
WELFARE LOSSES
WIND
WIND SPEEDS
WINDFALL PROFITS
Jones, Benjamin
Keen, Michael
Strand, Jon
Fiscal Implications of Climate Change
geographic_facet The World Region
The World Region
relation Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 5956
description This paper provides a primer on the fiscal implications of climate change, in particular the policies for responding to it. Many of the complicated challenges that arise in limiting climate change (through greenhouse gas emissions mitigation), and in dealing with the effects that remain (through adaptation to climate change impacts), are of a fiscal nature. While mitigation has the potential to raise substantial public revenue (through charges on greenhouse gas emissions), adaptation largely leads to fiscal outlays. Policies may unduly favor public spending (on technological solutions to limit emissions, and on adaptation), over policies that lead to more public revenue being raised (emissions charges). The pervasive uncertainties that surround climate change make the design of proper policy responses even more complex. This applies especially to policies for mitigation of emissions, since agreement on and international enforcement of cooperative abatement policies are exceedingly difficult to achieve, and there is as yet no common view on how to compare nearer-term costs of mitigation to longer-term benefits.
format Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
author Jones, Benjamin
Keen, Michael
Strand, Jon
author_facet Jones, Benjamin
Keen, Michael
Strand, Jon
author_sort Jones, Benjamin
title Fiscal Implications of Climate Change
title_short Fiscal Implications of Climate Change
title_full Fiscal Implications of Climate Change
title_fullStr Fiscal Implications of Climate Change
title_full_unstemmed Fiscal Implications of Climate Change
title_sort fiscal implications of climate change
publishDate 2012
url http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20120119135947
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3241
_version_ 1764386662533562368
spelling okr-10986-32412021-04-23T14:02:08Z Fiscal Implications of Climate Change Jones, Benjamin Keen, Michael Strand, Jon ABATEMENT COSTS ABATEMENT POLICIES ABSORPTION ADAPTATION FUND ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE ADVERSE IMPACT AGGREGATE DEMAND AGGREGATE EMISSIONS AIR ALLOCATION ALLOWANCES ALUMINUM ANNUAL EMISSION APPROACH ATMOSPHERIC CONCENTRATIONS BALANCE BARREL OF OIL BASELINE EMISSIONS BURNING FOSSIL FUELS CAPITAL GAINS CAPS CARBON CARBON CAPTURE CARBON CREDITS CARBON EMISSIONS CARBON MARKET CARBON MARKETS CARBON PRICE CARBON PRICES CARBON PRICING CARBON SEQUESTRATION CARBON TAX CARBON TAX REGIMES CARBON TAXES CATASTROPHIC EVENTS CHEMICALS CLEAN DEVELOPMENT CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM CLIMATE CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS CLIMATE CHANGES CLIMATE DAMAGE CLIMATE DAMAGES CLIMATE EFFECTS CLIMATE OBJECTIVES CLIMATE POLICY CLIMATES CO CO2 COAL COAL RESERVES COASTAL AREAS COASTAL ZONES CONSUMER PRICE CONVENTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES CONVERGENCE COST OF ABATEMENT CUTTING EMISSIONS DAMAGES DEFORESTATION DIESEL DIFFUSION DISCOUNT RATE DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECTS DOMESTIC HEATING DROUGHT DROUGHT INSURANCE ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC IMPACT ECONOMIC IMPACTS ECONOMICS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ELASTICITY OF DEMAND ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY GENERATION ELECTRICITY PRODUCERS EMISSION EMISSION REDUCTION EMISSION RIGHTS EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION EMISSIONS FROM TRANSPORTATION EMISSIONS INTENSITY EMISSIONS LIMITS EMISSIONS PRICES EMISSIONS QUOTA EMISSIONS REDUCTION EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS EMISSIONS RIGHTS EMPLOYMENT ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENERGY INTENSIVE ENERGY MARKETS ENERGY POLICY ENERGY PRICE ENERGY PRICES ENERGY SECURITY ENERGY SUBSIDIES ENERGY TAXES ENERGY USE ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY EXTREME EVENTS EXTREME WEATHER EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS FAT TAILS FEASIBILITY FINANCIAL FLOWS FINANCIAL INFLOWS FISCAL POLICIES FOREST FOREST CARBON FORESTRY FOSSIL FOSSIL ENERGY FOSSIL FUEL FOSSIL FUEL DEMAND FOSSIL FUEL PRICES FOSSIL FUEL PRODUCERS FOSSIL FUEL USE FOSSIL FUELS FREE ALLOCATION FUEL DEMAND FUEL EXTRACTION FUEL PRICE FUEL PRICES FUEL PRICING FUEL SUPPLY FUEL TYPE FUTURE CONSUMPTION GAS RESERVES GASOLINE GASOLINE PRICES GASOLINE TAX GASOLINE TAX RATE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL GHG GHGS GLOBAL CARBON EMISSIONS GLOBAL EMISSIONS GLOBAL WARMING GREEN TECHNOLOGIES GREENHOUSE GREENHOUSE GAS GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS MITIGATION GREENHOUSE GASES HARMFUL EMISSIONS HIGHER ENERGY PRICES HURRICANE IMPORTS INCOME INCOME TAX CREDIT INSURANCE INSURANCE SCHEMES INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY INVESTMENT DECISIONS IPCC IRON KEROSENE LEVEL OF EMISSIONS LOWER DISCOUNT RATE LUMP SUM LUMP SUM TRANSFERS MARGINAL ABATEMENT MARGINAL COST MARGINAL UTILITY MARKET FAILURE MARKET FAILURES MARKET INTEREST RATE METALS MITIGATING CLIMATE CHANGE MONETARY FUND MORAL HAZARD NITROUS OXIDES NUCLEAR POWER OCEANS OIL OIL PRODUCERS OIL PRODUCTION OXIDES PARTICULATES PER CAPITA EMISSION PERFORMANCE STANDARD PERFORMANCE STANDARDS PERMIT PRICE PETROLEUM PETROLEUM PRODUCTS PHYSICS PLANT GROWTH POLLUTANTS PRECAUTIONARY PRINCIPLE PRECIPITATION PRESENT VALUE PRICE OF ENERGY-INTENSIVE GOODS PRICE VOLATILITY PRICES OF ENERGY PRODUCERS OF ENERGY PUBLIC ECONOMICS PUBLIC SPENDING RADIATION REDUCTION IN EMISSIONS REGIONAL GREENHOUSE GAS INITIATIVE RENEWABLE ENERGY REVENUE RECYCLING SCENARIOS SEQUESTRATION TECHNOLOGIES SHIPS STORMS SUBSTITUTION SUPPLY SIDE TAX CREDITS TAX INTERACTION TAX POLICIES TAX RATES TAX REVENUE TAX REVENUES TEMPERATURE TIGHTER CAP TOTAL EMISSIONS TRADABLE ALLOWANCES UNCERTAINTIES UTILITIES UTILITY BILLS WASTE WELFARE LOSSES WIND WIND SPEEDS WINDFALL PROFITS This paper provides a primer on the fiscal implications of climate change, in particular the policies for responding to it. Many of the complicated challenges that arise in limiting climate change (through greenhouse gas emissions mitigation), and in dealing with the effects that remain (through adaptation to climate change impacts), are of a fiscal nature. While mitigation has the potential to raise substantial public revenue (through charges on greenhouse gas emissions), adaptation largely leads to fiscal outlays. Policies may unduly favor public spending (on technological solutions to limit emissions, and on adaptation), over policies that lead to more public revenue being raised (emissions charges). The pervasive uncertainties that surround climate change make the design of proper policy responses even more complex. This applies especially to policies for mitigation of emissions, since agreement on and international enforcement of cooperative abatement policies are exceedingly difficult to achieve, and there is as yet no common view on how to compare nearer-term costs of mitigation to longer-term benefits. 2012-03-19T17:28:57Z 2012-03-19T17:28:57Z 2012-01-01 http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20120119135947 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3241 English Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 5956 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper The World Region The World Region