Trade Policy to Catalyze Export Diversification : What Should Landlocked Fragile Countries Do? The Cases of Mali, Chad, and Niger

The landlocked and fragile countries Mali, Niger, and Chad have suffered, to varying degrees, from Dutch Disease, with high export concentration in natural resource commodities and in a few foreign markets, and little development of their non-resou...

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Main Authors: Lopez-Calix, Jose, Pitigala, Nihal
Format: Working Paper
Language:English
Published: World Bank, Washington, DC 2019
Subjects:
Online Access:http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/867541570544000115/Trade-Policy-to-Catalyze-Export-Diversification-What-Should-Landlocked-Fragile-Countries-Do-The-Cases-of-Mali-Chad-and-Niger
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/32520
id okr-10986-32520
recordtype oai_dc
spelling okr-10986-325202022-09-20T00:14:44Z Trade Policy to Catalyze Export Diversification : What Should Landlocked Fragile Countries Do? The Cases of Mali, Chad, and Niger Lopez-Calix, Jose Pitigala, Nihal TRADE POLICY EMPIRICAL STUDY TRADE EXPORT DIVERSIFICATION FRAGILE STATES LANDLOCKED STATE The landlocked and fragile countries Mali, Niger, and Chad have suffered, to varying degrees, from Dutch Disease, with high export concentration in natural resource commodities and in a few foreign markets, and little development of their non-resource economies. The three countries' ability to create a sustainable path to economic growth and poverty reduction is inextricably linked to their connectivity with external markets, in the region and beyond. Thus, Mali, Niger, and Chad are first challenged by their geography -- their landlocked nature creates a barrier to market access beyond their immediate neighbors, while their vast and thinly populated lands serve to isolate the most vulnerable communities from external and internal markets. Adding to these geographic disadvantages, the incentive environment -- defined by high and variable customs common external tariff regimes resulting from multiple overlapping regional trade arrangements -- places a wedge between domestic and international prices that provides a disincentive to exports in favor of non-tradable and domestic-oriented sectors. By bringing greater coherence and convergence between the many common external tariff regimes in operation and the rationalization of their structures, and improving connectivity within and between markets, Mali, Niger, and Chad can better promote the reallocation of resources toward tradable goods and services, putting the countries on a path toward greater economic inclusion and sustainable growth. 2019-10-10T14:04:32Z 2019-10-10T14:04:32Z 2019-10 Working Paper http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/867541570544000115/Trade-Policy-to-Catalyze-Export-Diversification-What-Should-Landlocked-Fragile-Countries-Do-The-Cases-of-Mali-Chad-and-Niger http://hdl.handle.net/10986/32520 English Policy Research Working Paper;No. 9036 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Africa Chad Mali Niger
repository_type Digital Repository
institution_category Foreign Institution
institution Digital Repositories
building World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection World Bank
language English
topic TRADE POLICY
EMPIRICAL STUDY
TRADE
EXPORT DIVERSIFICATION
FRAGILE STATES
LANDLOCKED STATE
spellingShingle TRADE POLICY
EMPIRICAL STUDY
TRADE
EXPORT DIVERSIFICATION
FRAGILE STATES
LANDLOCKED STATE
Lopez-Calix, Jose
Pitigala, Nihal
Trade Policy to Catalyze Export Diversification : What Should Landlocked Fragile Countries Do? The Cases of Mali, Chad, and Niger
geographic_facet Africa
Chad
Mali
Niger
relation Policy Research Working Paper;No. 9036
description The landlocked and fragile countries Mali, Niger, and Chad have suffered, to varying degrees, from Dutch Disease, with high export concentration in natural resource commodities and in a few foreign markets, and little development of their non-resource economies. The three countries' ability to create a sustainable path to economic growth and poverty reduction is inextricably linked to their connectivity with external markets, in the region and beyond. Thus, Mali, Niger, and Chad are first challenged by their geography -- their landlocked nature creates a barrier to market access beyond their immediate neighbors, while their vast and thinly populated lands serve to isolate the most vulnerable communities from external and internal markets. Adding to these geographic disadvantages, the incentive environment -- defined by high and variable customs common external tariff regimes resulting from multiple overlapping regional trade arrangements -- places a wedge between domestic and international prices that provides a disincentive to exports in favor of non-tradable and domestic-oriented sectors. By bringing greater coherence and convergence between the many common external tariff regimes in operation and the rationalization of their structures, and improving connectivity within and between markets, Mali, Niger, and Chad can better promote the reallocation of resources toward tradable goods and services, putting the countries on a path toward greater economic inclusion and sustainable growth.
format Working Paper
author Lopez-Calix, Jose
Pitigala, Nihal
author_facet Lopez-Calix, Jose
Pitigala, Nihal
author_sort Lopez-Calix, Jose
title Trade Policy to Catalyze Export Diversification : What Should Landlocked Fragile Countries Do? The Cases of Mali, Chad, and Niger
title_short Trade Policy to Catalyze Export Diversification : What Should Landlocked Fragile Countries Do? The Cases of Mali, Chad, and Niger
title_full Trade Policy to Catalyze Export Diversification : What Should Landlocked Fragile Countries Do? The Cases of Mali, Chad, and Niger
title_fullStr Trade Policy to Catalyze Export Diversification : What Should Landlocked Fragile Countries Do? The Cases of Mali, Chad, and Niger
title_full_unstemmed Trade Policy to Catalyze Export Diversification : What Should Landlocked Fragile Countries Do? The Cases of Mali, Chad, and Niger
title_sort trade policy to catalyze export diversification : what should landlocked fragile countries do? the cases of mali, chad, and niger
publisher World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate 2019
url http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/867541570544000115/Trade-Policy-to-Catalyze-Export-Diversification-What-Should-Landlocked-Fragile-Countries-Do-The-Cases-of-Mali-Chad-and-Niger
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/32520
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