Wastewater : From Waste to Resource – The Case of Nagpur, India
Water stress has become a problem in most Indian cities, as rapid population growth increases simultaneously water demand by households, industries, and power plants. Utilities need to meet this growing demand while ensuring fair tariffs for users...
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| Format: | Working Paper |
| Language: | English |
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2019
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/847531576610020104/Wastewater-From-Waste-to-Resource-The-Case-of-Nagpur-India http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33111 |
| Summary: | Water stress has become a problem in
most Indian cities, as rapid population growth increases
simultaneously water demand by households, industries, and
power plants. Utilities need to meet this growing demand
while ensuring fair tariffs for users and promoting a
sustainable use of water resources. As federal and state
governments look for innovative alternatives to freshwater,
the reuse of treated wastewater is gaining attention and
being promoted at the federal and state levels. In addition
to the environmental, health, and social benefits of
treating wastewater; treated wastewater can become a
reliable water source for industrial users, freeing up
freshwater resources for households and helping address
water scarcity in big cities. The government of India has
taken steps to promote wastewater reuse, starting with the
regulation of industrial water consumption and the setting
and enforcement of mandatory water reuse targets for
industries. The national target is to treat and reuse 50
percent of total wastewater by 2022 (PwC 2016). Some cities
have set their own, more ambitious targets, and states such
as Gujarat (Government of Gujarat, 2018) and Maharashtra
(IndianExpress, 2017) have implemented new policies to
promote wastewater reuse. Moreover, the government of India
has adopted policies, established strong mechanisms of
regulation, and provided funding for various programs, such
as the Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission
(JNNURM), to enable municipal authorities to enter into
public-private partnership (PPP) arrangements to attract
private funding. As a result, municipalities across the
country have started to implement wastewater reuse projects.
Most of these initiatives are led by utilities, through
partnerships with the private sector, and with the central
government covering part of the capital costs. The success
of these projects reveals that wastewater reuse activities
can be viable if properly structured and supported by
enabling policies and institutions. |
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