The Relationship between Female Labor Force Participation and Violent Conflicts in South Asia

This paper explores the link between the prevalence of violent conflicts and extremely low female labor force participation rates in South Asia. The Labor Force Surveys from Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, India, and Pakistan are merged with the Global Terr...

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Main Authors:	Robertson, Raymond, Lopez-Acevedo, Gladys, Morales, Matias
Format:	Working Paper
Language:	English
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2020
Subjects:	FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET CONFLICT-AFFECTED STATES TERRORISM VIOLENT CONFLICT GENDER
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/151821585229322211/The-Relationship-between-Female-Labor-Force-Participation-and-Violent-Conflicts-in-South-Asia http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33517

id	okr-10986-33517
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-335172022-09-20T00:12:44Z The Relationship between Female Labor Force Participation and Violent Conflicts in South Asia Robertson, Raymond Lopez-Acevedo, Gladys Morales, Matias FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET CONFLICT-AFFECTED STATES TERRORISM VIOLENT CONFLICT GENDER This paper explores the link between the prevalence of violent conflicts and extremely low female labor force participation rates in South Asia. The Labor Force Surveys from Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, India, and Pakistan are merged with the Global Terrorism Database to estimate the relationship between terrorist attacks and female labor supply. Geographical data on exposure to violence are used to compare administrative units exposed to attacks with those not exposed. The analysis finds that one additional attack reduces female labor force participation rates by about 0.008 percentage point, on average. Violence has less impact on male labor participation, thus widening the gender labor participation gap. The paper tests the added -- worker effect theory -- which posits that violence might increase female labor force participation as women try to make up for lost household income—and finds mixed evidence: greater prevalence of attacks may encourage married women to work more hours, but when the environment gets more risky, all women work fewer hours. The paper also finds that violence decreases female labor participation less where it was already higher and has a progressively greater impact on lowering female labor participation where the number of attacks is higher. 2020-04-02T18:26:51Z 2020-04-02T18:26:51Z 2020-03 Working Paper http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/151821585229322211/The-Relationship-between-Female-Labor-Force-Participation-and-Violent-Conflicts-in-South-Asia http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33517 English Policy Research Working Paper;No. 9195 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper South Asia South Asia
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English
topic	FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET CONFLICT-AFFECTED STATES TERRORISM VIOLENT CONFLICT GENDER
spellingShingle	FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET CONFLICT-AFFECTED STATES TERRORISM VIOLENT CONFLICT GENDER Robertson, Raymond Lopez-Acevedo, Gladys Morales, Matias The Relationship between Female Labor Force Participation and Violent Conflicts in South Asia
geographic_facet	South Asia South Asia
relation	Policy Research Working Paper;No. 9195
description	This paper explores the link between the prevalence of violent conflicts and extremely low female labor force participation rates in South Asia. The Labor Force Surveys from Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, India, and Pakistan are merged with the Global Terrorism Database to estimate the relationship between terrorist attacks and female labor supply. Geographical data on exposure to violence are used to compare administrative units exposed to attacks with those not exposed. The analysis finds that one additional attack reduces female labor force participation rates by about 0.008 percentage point, on average. Violence has less impact on male labor participation, thus widening the gender labor participation gap. The paper tests the added -- worker effect theory -- which posits that violence might increase female labor force participation as women try to make up for lost household income—and finds mixed evidence: greater prevalence of attacks may encourage married women to work more hours, but when the environment gets more risky, all women work fewer hours. The paper also finds that violence decreases female labor participation less where it was already higher and has a progressively greater impact on lowering female labor participation where the number of attacks is higher.
format	Working Paper
author	Robertson, Raymond Lopez-Acevedo, Gladys Morales, Matias
author_facet	Robertson, Raymond Lopez-Acevedo, Gladys Morales, Matias
author_sort	Robertson, Raymond
title	The Relationship between Female Labor Force Participation and Violent Conflicts in South Asia
title_short	The Relationship between Female Labor Force Participation and Violent Conflicts in South Asia
title_full	The Relationship between Female Labor Force Participation and Violent Conflicts in South Asia
title_fullStr	The Relationship between Female Labor Force Participation and Violent Conflicts in South Asia
title_full_unstemmed	The Relationship between Female Labor Force Participation and Violent Conflicts in South Asia
title_sort	relationship between female labor force participation and violent conflicts in south asia
publisher	World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate	2020
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/151821585229322211/The-Relationship-between-Female-Labor-Force-Participation-and-Violent-Conflicts-in-South-Asia http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33517
_version_	1764478937610584064

The Relationship between Female Labor Force Participation and Violent Conflicts in South Asia

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