How Did the Great Recession Affect Different Types of Workers? Evidence from 17 Middle-Income Countries

This paper examines how different types of workers in 17 middle-income countries were affected by labor market retrenchment during the great recession. Impacts on different types of workers varied by country and were only weakly related to the seve...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Cho, Yoonyoung, Newhouse, David
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English
Published:	2012
Subjects:	ACCOUNTING ACTIVE LABOR ACTIVE LABOR MARKET ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS ADULT WORKERS AFFECTED WORKERS AGE GROUP AGGREGATE LABOR MARKET INDICATORS AVERAGE WAGES BANKING CAPITAL INVESTMENT COLLECTIVE DISMISSALS CRISES CULTURAL CHANGE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT POLICY DISADVANTAGED GROUPS DISCUSSIONS DISPLACED WORKERS DISSEMINATION EARNING EARNINGS LOSSES ECONOMIC CRISES ECONOMIC DOWNTURNS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC SHOCKS ECONOMIC SLOWDOWN EDUCATED GROUPS EDUCATED MEN EDUCATED WOMEN EDUCATION DISPARITIES EFFECTS EMPLOYEE EMPLOYEES EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT GROWTH EMPLOYMENT GROWTH RATE EMPLOYMENT GROWTH RATES EMPLOYMENT LEVEL EMPLOYMENT LEVELS EMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES EMPLOYMENT PATTERNS EMPLOYMENT PROTECTION LEGISLATION EMPLOYMENT RATES EMPLOYMENT SHARE EMPLOYMENT STATUS EMPLOYMENT TRENDS EXOGENOUS SHOCKS FALLS FEMALE EMPLOYMENT FEMALE LABOR FEMALE LABOR FORCE FINANCE FIRING COSTS FIRM LEVEL GENDER DIFFERENCES GENDER DISPARITIES GENDER DISPARITY GENDER GAP GENDER PERSPECTIVES HIGH SCHOOL EDUCATION HOURS OF WORK HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INEXPERIENCED WORKERS INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT INFORMAL SECTOR INFORMED DECISIONS INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION JOB JOB LOSS JOB LOSSES JOB SEARCH JOB SEARCH ASSISTANCE JOB STATUS JOBS KNOWLEDGE LABOR LABOR DEMAND LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET ADJUSTMENT LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS LABOR MARKET FLEXIBILITY LABOR MARKET INDICATOR LABOR MARKET INFORMATION LABOR MARKET INSTITUTIONS LABOR MARKET OUTCOME LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES LABOR MARKET PERFORMANCE LABOR MARKET POLICY LABOR MARKET REGULATIONS LABOR MARKET RIGIDITY LABOR REGULATIONS LABOR SUPPLY LABOUR LABOUR MARKET LABOUR MARKET INSTITUTIONS LABOUR MARKET PERFORMANCE LABOUR MARKETS LAYOFFS LEVELS OF EDUCATION LIVING STANDARDS MANAGEMENT MIGRANT MIGRANT WORKERS MIGRATION MINIMUM WAGES MONITORING OCCUPATION OLDER ADULTS OLDER WOMEN OLDER WORKERS ORGANIZATIONS PAYING JOBS POLICIES POLICY DISCUSSIONS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POLICY RESPONSE POPULATION POPULATION TRENDS PRELIMINARY EVIDENCE PREVIOUS SECTION PREVIOUS STUDIES PROFIT REAL INCOME REAL WAGES REMITTANCES RESPECT RIGID LABOR MARKETS RISK RURAL AREAS RURAL RESIDENCE RURAL RESIDENTS RURAL WOMEN RURAL WORKERS SAFETY SAFETY NET SALARIED EMPLOYMENT SALARIED WORKERS SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SECONDARY EDUCATION SECURITY SELF EMPLOYED SELF EMPLOYMENT SERVICE SECTOR SEVERANCE PAY SOCIAL COHESION SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SECURITY STATUS OF WOMEN THEORY TRAINING TRANSFERS UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED WORKERS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT INCREASE UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE UNEMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATES UNIONS UNPAID FAMILY WORKERS UNSKILLED WORKERS URBAN AREAS URBAN WOMEN URBAN WORKERS VALUE VULNERABILITY VULNERABLE GROUPS WAGE EMPLOYMENT WAGE FLEXIBILITY WAGE GROWTH WAGE RATE WAGE RATES WAGE RIGIDITY WAGE SUBSIDIES WAGE SUBSIDY WAGE SUBSIDY PROGRAM WOMEN IN LABOUR WORK WORK IN PROGRESS WORK PATTERNS WORKER WORKERS WORKFORCE WORKING WORKING POOR WORKING WOMEN WORKPLACE WORKS YOUNG MEN YOUNG WORKERS YOUTH EMPLOYMENT YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT
Online Access:	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20110418134622 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3401

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Summary:	This paper examines how different types of workers in 17 middle-income countries were affected by labor market retrenchment during the great recession. Impacts on different types of workers varied by country and were only weakly related to the severity of the shock. Among active workers, youth experienced by far the largest adverse impacts on employment, unemployment, and wage employment, particularly relative to older adults. The percentage employment reductions, for example, were greatest for youth in each sector of the economy, as firms reacted to the shock by substituting away from inexperienced workers. Employment rates, as a share of the population, also plummeted for men. Larger drops in male employment were primarily attributable to men's higher initial rate of employment, although men's concentration in the hard-hit industrial sector also played an important role. Within each sector, percentage employment declines were similar for men and women. Added worker effects among women were mild, even among less-educated workers. Differences in labor market outcomes across education groups and urban or rural residence tended to be smaller. These findings bolster the case for targeted support to displaced youth and wage employees. Programs targeted to female and unskilled workers should be undertaken with appropriate caution or empirical support from timely data, as they may not benefit the majority of affected workers.

How Did the Great Recession Affect Different Types of Workers? Evidence from 17 Middle-Income Countries

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