Women’s Economic Participation in Iraq, Jordan and Lebanon
Female labor force participation in the Mashreq is exceptionally low, a problem likely to be exacerbated by the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This report calls for action in the following areas: stronger economic growth, effective policy ac...
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| Language: | English |
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2020
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/933641600751429640/Middle-East-and-North-Africa-Women-s-Economic-Participation-in-Iraq-Jordan-and-Lebanon http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34535 |
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okr-10986-345352021-05-25T09:58:31Z Women’s Economic Participation in Iraq, Jordan and Lebanon World Bank GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION SOCIAL NORMS GENDER BIAS LABOR MARKET MASHREQ COUNTRIES LABOR LAW CHILDCARE ELDERCARE GENDER GAP Female labor force participation in the Mashreq is exceptionally low, a problem likely to be exacerbated by the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This report calls for action in the following areas: stronger economic growth, effective policy action to close legal gaps, promotion of more egalitarian attitudes, access to quality childcare, and the provision of safe transportation. The main focus of the report is women’s economic opportunities, as opposed to the broader issue of women’s empowerment. The report analyzes other aspects of female empowerment, but in particular as those aspects influence, determine, and are affected by women’s participation in paid economic activities. Economic opportunities encompass the availability and possibility of taking advantage of earnings opportunities as well as the existence of an enabling environment in terms of the appropriate legal, institutional setting. The report is structured as follows: chapter one provides a description of women’s economic opportunities in Mashreq countries and highlights differences in labor participation across critical life stages. Chapter two presents evidence on the different barriers faced by women toward participating in the labor market, related to legal aspects, informal institutions, and markets. Chapter three provides a brief description of international experiences with sizeable increases in female participation in the labor market, chapter four expands to explore important areas where policies can be improved in the Mashreq countries to lower these barriers and close participation gaps, as well as an emerging opportunity that, if used well, can accelerate this process. Chapter five concludes and reflects on how the COVID-19 outbreak and the measures to contain it may exacerbate some of the barriers faced by women. 2020-09-29T15:36:49Z 2020-09-29T15:36:49Z 2020-09-22 Report http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/933641600751429640/Middle-East-and-North-Africa-Women-s-Economic-Participation-in-Iraq-Jordan-and-Lebanon http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34535 English CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Economic & Sector Work Economic & Sector Work :: Other Social Protection Study Middle East and North Africa Middle East North Africa Iraq Jordan Lebanon |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English |
| topic |
GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION SOCIAL NORMS GENDER BIAS LABOR MARKET MASHREQ COUNTRIES LABOR LAW CHILDCARE ELDERCARE GENDER GAP |
| spellingShingle |
GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION SOCIAL NORMS GENDER BIAS LABOR MARKET MASHREQ COUNTRIES LABOR LAW CHILDCARE ELDERCARE GENDER GAP World Bank Women’s Economic Participation in Iraq, Jordan and Lebanon |
| geographic_facet |
Middle East and North Africa Middle East North Africa Iraq Jordan Lebanon |
| description |
Female labor force participation in the
Mashreq is exceptionally low, a problem likely to be
exacerbated by the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
This report calls for action in the following areas:
stronger economic growth, effective policy action to close
legal gaps, promotion of more egalitarian attitudes, access
to quality childcare, and the provision of safe
transportation. The main focus of the report is women’s
economic opportunities, as opposed to the broader issue of
women’s empowerment. The report analyzes other aspects of
female empowerment, but in particular as those aspects
influence, determine, and are affected by women’s
participation in paid economic activities. Economic
opportunities encompass the availability and possibility of
taking advantage of earnings opportunities as well as the
existence of an enabling environment in terms of the
appropriate legal, institutional setting. The report is
structured as follows: chapter one provides a description of
women’s economic opportunities in Mashreq countries and
highlights differences in labor participation across
critical life stages. Chapter two presents evidence on the
different barriers faced by women toward participating in
the labor market, related to legal aspects, informal
institutions, and markets. Chapter three provides a brief
description of international experiences with sizeable
increases in female participation in the labor market,
chapter four expands to explore important areas where
policies can be improved in the Mashreq countries to lower
these barriers and close participation gaps, as well as an
emerging opportunity that, if used well, can accelerate this
process. Chapter five concludes and reflects on how the
COVID-19 outbreak and the measures to contain it may
exacerbate some of the barriers faced by women. |
| format |
Report |
| author |
World Bank |
| author_facet |
World Bank |
| author_sort |
World Bank |
| title |
Women’s Economic Participation in Iraq, Jordan and Lebanon |
| title_short |
Women’s Economic Participation in Iraq, Jordan and Lebanon |
| title_full |
Women’s Economic Participation in Iraq, Jordan and Lebanon |
| title_fullStr |
Women’s Economic Participation in Iraq, Jordan and Lebanon |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Women’s Economic Participation in Iraq, Jordan and Lebanon |
| title_sort |
women’s economic participation in iraq, jordan and lebanon |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2020 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/933641600751429640/Middle-East-and-North-Africa-Women-s-Economic-Participation-in-Iraq-Jordan-and-Lebanon http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34535 |
| _version_ |
1764481089835892736 |