Promoting Female Labor Force Participation

Women comprise half of the world’s adult population, and therefore potentially half of its labor force. Removing barriers that restrict women from entering the labor market is crucial for achieving equality, as well as to untap economic growth. The focus of this review is on female labor force parti...

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Main Authors:	Pimkina, Svetlana, de La Flor, Luciana
Format:	Working Paper
Language:	English
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2020
Subjects:	FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET LABOR SKILLS DEVELOPMENT GENDER SOCIAL NORMS LABOR DEMAND EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/807301608106175575/Promoting-Female-Labor-Force-Participation http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34953

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recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-349532021-09-16T21:23:27Z Promoting Female Labor Force Participation Pimkina, Svetlana de La Flor, Luciana FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET LABOR SKILLS DEVELOPMENT GENDER SOCIAL NORMS LABOR DEMAND EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT Women comprise half of the world’s adult population, and therefore potentially half of its labor force. Removing barriers that restrict women from entering the labor market is crucial for achieving equality, as well as to untap economic growth. The focus of this review is on female labor force participation (FLFP) instead of employment. Labor force participation captures the decision to actively engage with the labor market, while employment represents an equilibrium outcome. The distinction is often under-emphasized, but it is not trivial, as these indicators move separately. Indeed, the global rate of female employment has remained high at around 94 percent, while the rate of FLFP has not yet surpassed 50 percent. This review identifies constraints around three key drivers of FLFP. First, the authors examine how constraints in endowments such as time, education, financial and social capital limit women’s participation. Second, authors review evidence on the role of internal factors such as choices, preferences, norms and beliefs on FLFP. Third, authors discuss how external constraints such as income shocks and demand-side factors inhibit active engagement in the labor market. Finally, the paper concludes with some lesson learned from policies to improve FLFP and draws up an agenda for future research. 2020-12-18T20:57:38Z 2020-12-18T20:57:38Z 2020-12-15 Working Paper http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/807301608106175575/Promoting-Female-Labor-Force-Participation http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34953 English Jobs Working Paper;No. 56 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research Publications & Research :: Working Paper
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English
topic	FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET LABOR SKILLS DEVELOPMENT GENDER SOCIAL NORMS LABOR DEMAND EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
spellingShingle	FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET LABOR SKILLS DEVELOPMENT GENDER SOCIAL NORMS LABOR DEMAND EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT Pimkina, Svetlana de La Flor, Luciana Promoting Female Labor Force Participation
relation	Jobs Working Paper;No. 56
description	Women comprise half of the world’s adult population, and therefore potentially half of its labor force. Removing barriers that restrict women from entering the labor market is crucial for achieving equality, as well as to untap economic growth. The focus of this review is on female labor force participation (FLFP) instead of employment. Labor force participation captures the decision to actively engage with the labor market, while employment represents an equilibrium outcome. The distinction is often under-emphasized, but it is not trivial, as these indicators move separately. Indeed, the global rate of female employment has remained high at around 94 percent, while the rate of FLFP has not yet surpassed 50 percent. This review identifies constraints around three key drivers of FLFP. First, the authors examine how constraints in endowments such as time, education, financial and social capital limit women’s participation. Second, authors review evidence on the role of internal factors such as choices, preferences, norms and beliefs on FLFP. Third, authors discuss how external constraints such as income shocks and demand-side factors inhibit active engagement in the labor market. Finally, the paper concludes with some lesson learned from policies to improve FLFP and draws up an agenda for future research.
format	Working Paper
author	Pimkina, Svetlana de La Flor, Luciana
author_facet	Pimkina, Svetlana de La Flor, Luciana
author_sort	Pimkina, Svetlana
title	Promoting Female Labor Force Participation
title_short	Promoting Female Labor Force Participation
title_full	Promoting Female Labor Force Participation
title_fullStr	Promoting Female Labor Force Participation
title_full_unstemmed	Promoting Female Labor Force Participation
title_sort	promoting female labor force participation
publisher	World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate	2020
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/807301608106175575/Promoting-Female-Labor-Force-Participation http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34953
_version_	1764482005484961792

Promoting Female Labor Force Participation

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