Recent Perspectives on Trade and Inequality
The 1990's dealt a blow to traditional Heckscher-Ohlin analysis of the relationship between trade and income inequality, as it became clear that rising inequality in low-income countries and other features of the data were inconsistent with th...
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| Format: | Policy Research Working Paper |
| Language: | English |
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2012
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3515 |
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okr-10986-35152021-04-23T14:02:10Z Recent Perspectives on Trade and Inequality Harrison, Ann McLaren, John McMillan, Margaret ACCOUNTING ADJUSTMENT COSTS AGE CATEGORIES AGGREGATE UNEMPLOYMENT AGGREGATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE AVERAGE PRODUCTIVITY AVERAGE WAGE AVERAGE WAGES BANKRUPTCY BARGAINING BARGAINING POWER CAPITAL ACCOUNT CAPITAL STOCK COMMODITIES COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE CONSUMER DEMAND CONSUMERS COST FUNCTIONS COST REDUCTIONS DEVALUATION DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT POLICY DISPLACED WORKERS DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME DOMESTIC MARKET DOMESTIC SALES EARNINGS LOSS EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT ELASTICITY EMPLOYEE EMPLOYMENT HISTORIES EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT RELATIONSHIP EMPLOYMENT SHARE EMPLOYMENT STATUS EQUILIBRIUM EQUILIBRIUM UNEMPLOYMENT EXOGENOUS SHOCKS EXOGENOUS SUPPLY EXPECTED UTILITY EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT SECTOR EXPORTS EXPOSURE FACTOR MARKETS FACTORS OF PRODUCTION FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN MARKETS FREE ENTRY FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AGREEMENT FUTURE RESEARCH GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL GLOBAL ECONOMY GLOBAL TRADE GLOBALIZATION HIGH WAGE HIGH WAGES HUMAN CAPITAL IMPLICIT CONTRACT IMPLICIT CONTRACTS IMPORT COMPETITION IMPORTS INCOME INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME LEVELS INCOMES INCOMPLETE CONTRACTING INCOMPLETE CONTRACTS INDUSTRY WAGE INNOVATION INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERNATIONAL TRADE MODELS JOBS LABOR ADJUSTMENT LABOR COSTS LABOR DEMAND LABOR ECONOMICS LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET ADJUSTMENT LABOR MARKET INSTITUTIONS LABOR MARKET REFORMS LABOR MOBILITY LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LABOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH LABOR STATISTICS LABOR SUPPLY LIQUIDITY LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MACROECONOMICS MARGINAL COST MARGINAL COSTS MARGINAL PRODUCT MARKET CONDITIONS MARKET LEADER MARKET SHARE MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES MINIMUM WAGE MINIMUM WAGES MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION MOTIVATION NET EMPLOYMENT NEW PRODUCT OCCUPATION OCCUPATIONS OPEN ECONOMY OUTPUT OUTSOURCING PORTFOLIO PREVIOUS STUDIES PRODUCTION FUNCTION PRODUCTION PROCESS PRODUCTION WAGES PRODUCTION WORKERS PRODUCTIVITY LEVEL RATE OF RETURN REAL WAGE REAL WAGES REPUTATION RISK AVERSE RISK NEUTRAL RISK PREMIUM SAVINGS SERVICE SECTOR SKILL PREMIUM SKILL REQUIREMENT SKILL UPGRADING SKILLED LABOR SKILLED WORKERS SMALL ECONOMY TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE TRADE IN GOODS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE MODEL TRADE POLICY TRADE REFORMS TRADES UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED WORKERS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATES UNSKILLED LABOR UNSKILLED WORKERS UTILITY FUNCTION VOLATILITY WAGE DISTRIBUTION WAGE GAP WAGE GROWTH WAGE INCREASES WAGE INEQUALITY WAGE LOSS WAGE THEORY WORKER WORKER HETEROGENEITY WORKERS EXPERIENCE WORKING CONDITIONS WORLD ECONOMY WORLD MARKETS The 1990's dealt a blow to traditional Heckscher-Ohlin analysis of the relationship between trade and income inequality, as it became clear that rising inequality in low-income countries and other features of the data were inconsistent with that model. As a result, economists moved away from trade as a plausible explanation for rising income inequality. In recent years, however, a number of new mechanisms have been explored through which trade can affect(and usually increase) income inequality. These include within-industry effects due to heterogeneous?firms; effects of offshoring of tasks; effects on incomplete contracting; and effects of labor-market frictions. A number these mechanisms have received substantial empirical support. 2012-03-19T18:03:51Z 2012-03-19T18:03:51Z 2011-08-01 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3515 English Policy Research Working Paper ; No. 5754 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English |
| topic |
ACCOUNTING ADJUSTMENT COSTS AGE CATEGORIES AGGREGATE UNEMPLOYMENT AGGREGATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE AVERAGE PRODUCTIVITY AVERAGE WAGE AVERAGE WAGES BANKRUPTCY BARGAINING BARGAINING POWER CAPITAL ACCOUNT CAPITAL STOCK COMMODITIES COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE CONSUMER DEMAND CONSUMERS COST FUNCTIONS COST REDUCTIONS DEVALUATION DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT POLICY DISPLACED WORKERS DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME DOMESTIC MARKET DOMESTIC SALES EARNINGS LOSS EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT ELASTICITY EMPLOYEE EMPLOYMENT HISTORIES EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT RELATIONSHIP EMPLOYMENT SHARE EMPLOYMENT STATUS EQUILIBRIUM EQUILIBRIUM UNEMPLOYMENT EXOGENOUS SHOCKS EXOGENOUS SUPPLY EXPECTED UTILITY EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT SECTOR EXPORTS EXPOSURE FACTOR MARKETS FACTORS OF PRODUCTION FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN MARKETS FREE ENTRY FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AGREEMENT FUTURE RESEARCH GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL GLOBAL ECONOMY GLOBAL TRADE GLOBALIZATION HIGH WAGE HIGH WAGES HUMAN CAPITAL IMPLICIT CONTRACT IMPLICIT CONTRACTS IMPORT COMPETITION IMPORTS INCOME INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME LEVELS INCOMES INCOMPLETE CONTRACTING INCOMPLETE CONTRACTS INDUSTRY WAGE INNOVATION INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERNATIONAL TRADE MODELS JOBS LABOR ADJUSTMENT LABOR COSTS LABOR DEMAND LABOR ECONOMICS LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET ADJUSTMENT LABOR MARKET INSTITUTIONS LABOR MARKET REFORMS LABOR MOBILITY LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LABOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH LABOR STATISTICS LABOR SUPPLY LIQUIDITY LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MACROECONOMICS MARGINAL COST MARGINAL COSTS MARGINAL PRODUCT MARKET CONDITIONS MARKET LEADER MARKET SHARE MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES MINIMUM WAGE MINIMUM WAGES MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION MOTIVATION NET EMPLOYMENT NEW PRODUCT OCCUPATION OCCUPATIONS OPEN ECONOMY OUTPUT OUTSOURCING PORTFOLIO PREVIOUS STUDIES PRODUCTION FUNCTION PRODUCTION PROCESS PRODUCTION WAGES PRODUCTION WORKERS PRODUCTIVITY LEVEL RATE OF RETURN REAL WAGE REAL WAGES REPUTATION RISK AVERSE RISK NEUTRAL RISK PREMIUM SAVINGS SERVICE SECTOR SKILL PREMIUM SKILL REQUIREMENT SKILL UPGRADING SKILLED LABOR SKILLED WORKERS SMALL ECONOMY TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE TRADE IN GOODS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE MODEL TRADE POLICY TRADE REFORMS TRADES UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED WORKERS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATES UNSKILLED LABOR UNSKILLED WORKERS UTILITY FUNCTION VOLATILITY WAGE DISTRIBUTION WAGE GAP WAGE GROWTH WAGE INCREASES WAGE INEQUALITY WAGE LOSS WAGE THEORY WORKER WORKER HETEROGENEITY WORKERS EXPERIENCE WORKING CONDITIONS WORLD ECONOMY WORLD MARKETS |
| spellingShingle |
ACCOUNTING ADJUSTMENT COSTS AGE CATEGORIES AGGREGATE UNEMPLOYMENT AGGREGATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE AVERAGE PRODUCTIVITY AVERAGE WAGE AVERAGE WAGES BANKRUPTCY BARGAINING BARGAINING POWER CAPITAL ACCOUNT CAPITAL STOCK COMMODITIES COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE CONSUMER DEMAND CONSUMERS COST FUNCTIONS COST REDUCTIONS DEVALUATION DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT POLICY DISPLACED WORKERS DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME DOMESTIC MARKET DOMESTIC SALES EARNINGS LOSS EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT ELASTICITY EMPLOYEE EMPLOYMENT HISTORIES EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT RELATIONSHIP EMPLOYMENT SHARE EMPLOYMENT STATUS EQUILIBRIUM EQUILIBRIUM UNEMPLOYMENT EXOGENOUS SHOCKS EXOGENOUS SUPPLY EXPECTED UTILITY EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT SECTOR EXPORTS EXPOSURE FACTOR MARKETS FACTORS OF PRODUCTION FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN MARKETS FREE ENTRY FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AGREEMENT FUTURE RESEARCH GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL GLOBAL ECONOMY GLOBAL TRADE GLOBALIZATION HIGH WAGE HIGH WAGES HUMAN CAPITAL IMPLICIT CONTRACT IMPLICIT CONTRACTS IMPORT COMPETITION IMPORTS INCOME INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME LEVELS INCOMES INCOMPLETE CONTRACTING INCOMPLETE CONTRACTS INDUSTRY WAGE INNOVATION INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERNATIONAL TRADE MODELS JOBS LABOR ADJUSTMENT LABOR COSTS LABOR DEMAND LABOR ECONOMICS LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET ADJUSTMENT LABOR MARKET INSTITUTIONS LABOR MARKET REFORMS LABOR MOBILITY LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LABOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH LABOR STATISTICS LABOR SUPPLY LIQUIDITY LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MACROECONOMICS MARGINAL COST MARGINAL COSTS MARGINAL PRODUCT MARKET CONDITIONS MARKET LEADER MARKET SHARE MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES MINIMUM WAGE MINIMUM WAGES MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION MOTIVATION NET EMPLOYMENT NEW PRODUCT OCCUPATION OCCUPATIONS OPEN ECONOMY OUTPUT OUTSOURCING PORTFOLIO PREVIOUS STUDIES PRODUCTION FUNCTION PRODUCTION PROCESS PRODUCTION WAGES PRODUCTION WORKERS PRODUCTIVITY LEVEL RATE OF RETURN REAL WAGE REAL WAGES REPUTATION RISK AVERSE RISK NEUTRAL RISK PREMIUM SAVINGS SERVICE SECTOR SKILL PREMIUM SKILL REQUIREMENT SKILL UPGRADING SKILLED LABOR SKILLED WORKERS SMALL ECONOMY TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE TRADE IN GOODS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE MODEL TRADE POLICY TRADE REFORMS TRADES UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED WORKERS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATES UNSKILLED LABOR UNSKILLED WORKERS UTILITY FUNCTION VOLATILITY WAGE DISTRIBUTION WAGE GAP WAGE GROWTH WAGE INCREASES WAGE INEQUALITY WAGE LOSS WAGE THEORY WORKER WORKER HETEROGENEITY WORKERS EXPERIENCE WORKING CONDITIONS WORLD ECONOMY WORLD MARKETS Harrison, Ann McLaren, John McMillan, Margaret Recent Perspectives on Trade and Inequality |
| relation |
Policy Research Working Paper ; No. 5754 |
| description |
The 1990's dealt a blow to
traditional Heckscher-Ohlin analysis of the relationship
between trade and income inequality, as it became clear that
rising inequality in low-income countries and other features
of the data were inconsistent with that model. As a result,
economists moved away from trade as a plausible explanation
for rising income inequality. In recent years, however, a
number of new mechanisms have been explored through which
trade can affect(and usually increase) income inequality.
These include within-industry effects due to
heterogeneous?firms; effects of offshoring of tasks; effects
on incomplete contracting; and effects of labor-market
frictions. A number these mechanisms have received
substantial empirical support. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper |
| author |
Harrison, Ann McLaren, John McMillan, Margaret |
| author_facet |
Harrison, Ann McLaren, John McMillan, Margaret |
| author_sort |
Harrison, Ann |
| title |
Recent Perspectives on Trade and Inequality |
| title_short |
Recent Perspectives on Trade and Inequality |
| title_full |
Recent Perspectives on Trade and Inequality |
| title_fullStr |
Recent Perspectives on Trade and Inequality |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Recent Perspectives on Trade and Inequality |
| title_sort |
recent perspectives on trade and inequality |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3515 |
| _version_ |
1764387127153393664 |