Integration of Venezuelan Refugees and Migrants in Brazil
An unprecedented number of Venezuelans have left behind the worsening economic and social crisis at home to look for better future prospects. Brazil is hosting about 261,000 Venezuelans as migrants, asylum seekers, or refugees, which, at 18 percent...
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| Format: | Working Paper |
| Language: | English |
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2021
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/498351617118028819/Integration-of-Venezuelan-Refugees-and-Migrants-in-Brazil http://hdl.handle.net/10986/35358 |
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okr-10986-353582022-09-20T00:08:47Z Integration of Venezuelan Refugees and Migrants in Brazil Shamsuddin, Mrittika Acosta, Pablo Ariel Battaglin Schwengber, Rovane Fix, Jedediah Pirani, Nikolas REFUGEES INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION ACCESS TO EDUCATION SOCIAL INCLUSION FORCED DISPLACEMENT FORCED MIGRATION MIGRANT INTEGRATION An unprecedented number of Venezuelans have left behind the worsening economic and social crisis at home to look for better future prospects. Brazil is hosting about 261,000 Venezuelans as migrants, asylum seekers, or refugees, which, at 18 percent, constitutes the largest share of Brazil’s 1.3 million refugees and migrants population (as of October 2020). Although previous literature on other host countries found that Venezuelan refugees and migrants are struggling to secure high-paying jobs that are commensurate with their education, little is known about their access to education and social protection. This paper fills this gap by analyzing various administrative and census data to explore whether Venezuelan migrants and refugees face differential access to education, the formal labor market and social protection programs. It finds that even though there is minimum legal constraints and work permits are relatively easy to obtain, Venezuelan refugees and migrants face challenges integrating into the education system, social protection programs and the formal labor market. The results suggest that Venezuelan refugees and migrants have faced downgrading in grades at school and occupations at work. They are more likely to attend overcrowded schools than their host community counterparts and more likely to do inferior jobs characterized by temporality, lower wages and higher hours worked. Overall, the results suggest that improvement in school capacity, accreditation of Venezuelan education or degrees and relocation to places with favorable employment opportunities may facilitate integration. 2021-04-02T14:24:28Z 2021-04-02T14:24:28Z 2021-03 Working Paper http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/498351617118028819/Integration-of-Venezuelan-Refugees-and-Migrants-in-Brazil http://hdl.handle.net/10986/35358 English Policy Research Working Paper;No. 9605 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Latin America & Caribbean Brazil |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English |
| topic |
REFUGEES INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION ACCESS TO EDUCATION SOCIAL INCLUSION FORCED DISPLACEMENT FORCED MIGRATION MIGRANT INTEGRATION |
| spellingShingle |
REFUGEES INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION ACCESS TO EDUCATION SOCIAL INCLUSION FORCED DISPLACEMENT FORCED MIGRATION MIGRANT INTEGRATION Shamsuddin, Mrittika Acosta, Pablo Ariel Battaglin Schwengber, Rovane Fix, Jedediah Pirani, Nikolas Integration of Venezuelan Refugees and Migrants in Brazil |
| geographic_facet |
Latin America & Caribbean Brazil |
| relation |
Policy Research Working Paper;No. 9605 |
| description |
An unprecedented number of Venezuelans
have left behind the worsening economic and social crisis at
home to look for better future prospects. Brazil is hosting
about 261,000 Venezuelans as migrants, asylum seekers, or
refugees, which, at 18 percent, constitutes the largest
share of Brazil’s 1.3 million refugees and migrants
population (as of October 2020). Although previous
literature on other host countries found that Venezuelan
refugees and migrants are struggling to secure high-paying
jobs that are commensurate with their education, little is
known about their access to education and social protection.
This paper fills this gap by analyzing various
administrative and census data to explore whether Venezuelan
migrants and refugees face differential access to education,
the formal labor market and social protection programs. It
finds that even though there is minimum legal constraints
and work permits are relatively easy to obtain, Venezuelan
refugees and migrants face challenges integrating into the
education system, social protection programs and the formal
labor market. The results suggest that Venezuelan refugees
and migrants have faced downgrading in grades at school and
occupations at work. They are more likely to attend
overcrowded schools than their host community counterparts
and more likely to do inferior jobs characterized by
temporality, lower wages and higher hours worked. Overall,
the results suggest that improvement in school capacity,
accreditation of Venezuelan education or degrees and
relocation to places with favorable employment opportunities
may facilitate integration. |
| format |
Working Paper |
| author |
Shamsuddin, Mrittika Acosta, Pablo Ariel Battaglin Schwengber, Rovane Fix, Jedediah Pirani, Nikolas |
| author_facet |
Shamsuddin, Mrittika Acosta, Pablo Ariel Battaglin Schwengber, Rovane Fix, Jedediah Pirani, Nikolas |
| author_sort |
Shamsuddin, Mrittika |
| title |
Integration of Venezuelan Refugees and Migrants in Brazil |
| title_short |
Integration of Venezuelan Refugees and Migrants in Brazil |
| title_full |
Integration of Venezuelan Refugees and Migrants in Brazil |
| title_fullStr |
Integration of Venezuelan Refugees and Migrants in Brazil |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Integration of Venezuelan Refugees and Migrants in Brazil |
| title_sort |
integration of venezuelan refugees and migrants in brazil |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/498351617118028819/Integration-of-Venezuelan-Refugees-and-Migrants-in-Brazil http://hdl.handle.net/10986/35358 |
| _version_ |
1764482867153338368 |