DR-CAFTA and the Environment

The Dominican Republic-Central American Free Trade Agreement with the United States aims to create a free trade zone for economic development. The Agreement is expected to intensify commerce and investment among the participating countries. This pa...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Cunha, Barbara, Mani, Muthukumara
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English
Published:	2012
Subjects:	ABATEMENT ABATEMENT COSTS ACCESS TO INFORMATION AGGREGATE ANALYSIS AGRICULTURE AIR POLLUTANTS AIR POLLUTION ANNUAL EMISSIONS AVERAGE EMISSIONS BENCHMARK BIODIVERSITY CARBON CARBON DIOXIDE CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS CARBON EMISSIONS CENTRAL BANK CLEAN INDUSTRIES CLEANER TECHNOLOGIES CLEANER TECHNOLOGY CLIMATE CHANGE COAL COMMODITIES COMMON PROPERTY COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES COMPETITIVENESS CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE CONSTRUCTION COST STRUCTURE CRITICAL SURVEY DECENTRALIZATION DEFORESTATION DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT POLICY DIRTY INDUSTRY DOMESTIC ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC RESEARCH ECONOMICS ECONOMICS RESEARCH EFFECTS OF POLLUTION EMISSIONS EMISSIONS GROWTH EMISSIONS LEVELS EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS EMPIRICAL BASIS EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE EMPIRICAL STUDIES ENFORCEMENT MECHANISMS ENVIRONMENT POLICIES ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL AGENCIES ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION ENVIRONMENTAL INSTITUTIONS ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ENVIRONMENTAL KUZNETS ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ENVIRONMENTAL REFORMS ENVIRONMENTAL REGIMES ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS ENVIRONMENTS EQUILIBRIUM EXPORT GROWTH EXPORTS EXTERNALITIES FACTORS OF PRODUCTION FINANCIAL INTEGRATION FIXED EFFECTS FOOD PRODUCTS FOREIGN COMPETITION FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREST RESOURCES FORESTRY FORMAL ANALYSIS FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AGREEMENT FUTURE RESEARCH GDP GDP PER CAPITA GROWTH RATE HIGH LEVELS HUMAN CAPITAL INCOME LEVELS INCOMES INCREASING RETURNS INCREASING RETURNS TO SCALE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION INDUSTRIALIZATION INFORMATION SYSTEM INFORMATION SYSTEMS INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS INTERNATIONAL TRADE IRON LAND USE LEGAL FRAMEWORK LEVEL OF EMISSIONS LIBERALIZATION MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES METAL METALS MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRY MINES NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT NATIONAL INCOME NATURAL ENDOWMENTS NATURAL RESOURCE NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT NATURAL RESOURCES NITROGEN OXIDE OUTPUT OUTPUTS PASTURES PER CAPITA INCOME POLLUTANTS POLLUTION POLLUTION ABATEMENT POLLUTION HAVENS POLLUTION INTENSITY POLLUTION LEVELS POLLUTION PREVENTION POLLUTION PROBLEMS POLLUTION REGULATIONS POTABLE WATER POWER PARITY PRODUCTION STRUCTURE PRODUCTIVE RESOURCES PROPERTY RIGHTS PROTECTED AREAS PUBLIC POLICY PURCHASING POWER REGRESSION ANALYSIS REGULATORY ENVIRONMENTS REGULATORY FRAMEWORK REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS REGULATORY GAPS REGULATORY REGIME REGULATORY REGIMES REMOTE SENSING RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCE MANAGEMENT RETURNS TO SCALE SCALE EFFECT SCALE EFFECTS SHARE OF CAPITAL SKILLED WORKERS SOCIAL PARTICIPATION SOLID WASTES SULFUR DIOXIDE SUSTAINABLE EXPLOITATION SUSTAINABLE FORESTRY SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES TOTAL OUTPUT TOXIC SUBSTANCES TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADING BLOCS TREATIES URUGUAY ROUND VALUE ADDED WAGES WASTE WASTE MANAGEMENT WATER POLLUTION WATER RESOURCES WORLD ECONOMY WORLD TRADE
Online Access:	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20111004151319 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3590

Description
Summary:	The Dominican Republic-Central American Free Trade Agreement with the United States aims to create a free trade zone for economic development. The Agreement is expected to intensify commerce and investment among the participating countries. This paper analyzes the changes in the production and trading patterns in 2-digit manufacturing sectors with the goal of understanding the short-term environmental implications of the Dominican Republic-Central American Free Trade Agreement. More specifically, the paper addresses the questions: Did pollution increase in the period after the Agreement negotiations? Did trade and production shift toward pollution intensive factors? The results suggest an increase in pollution emissions in the post-negotiations period. The increase in emissions is mainly attributable to scale effects. Composition effects are small and in some cases (including Nicaragua and Honduras) favoring cleaner industries and partially compensating the pollution gains from output and export growth.

DR-CAFTA and the Environment

Similar Items