Vulnerability and Livelihoods before and after the Haiti Earthquake

This paper examines the dynamics of poverty and vulnerability in Haiti using various data sets. As living conditions survey data are not comparable in this country, we first propose to use the three rounds of the Demographic Health Survey (DHS) ava...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Echevin, Damien
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English
Published:	2012
Subjects:	ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS TO SERVICES AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES AGRICULTURAL PRICES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION ANIMAL DISEASES ASSET MANAGEMENT ASSET VULNERABILITY BASIC FOODSTUFFS BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE CARIBBEAN REGION CHANGES IN POVERTY CHILD NUTRITION CHRONIC MALNUTRITION CLEAN DRINKING WATER CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES COPING MECHANISMS COUNTERFACTUAL COVARIATE SHOCKS CRIME DETERMINANTS OF POVERTY DROUGHT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC SHOCK ECONOMIC SHOCKS ESTIMATES OF POVERTY EXERCISES EXTREME POVERTY FOOD AVAILABILITY FOOD CONSUMPTION FOOD IMPORTS FOOD INSECURITY FOOD PRICES FOOD SECURITY HOSPITALS HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD VULNERABILITY HOUSING HUMAN CAPITAL IDIOSYNCRATIC SHOCKS IMPACT OF SHOCKS IMPACT ON POVERTY INCOME INCOME GENERATION INEQUALITY INFANT MORTALITY INJURIES INSURANCE IRRIGATION LACK OF INFORMATION LAND OWNERSHIP LIFE EXPECTANCY LIVING CONDITIONS LIVING STANDARDS MALNUTRITION MIGRANTS NATURAL SHOCKS NUTRITIONAL STATUS PATIENTS PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION POOR POOR AGENTS POOR HOUSEHOLD POOR HOUSEHOLDS POOR PEOPLE POOR REGIONS POOR RURAL HOUSEHOLDS POORER HOUSEHOLDS POVERTY ESTIMATES POVERTY GAP POVERTY INCIDENCE POVERTY INDEX POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY MAPPING POVERTY MAPPING METHODOLOGY POVERTY POVERTY POVERTY RATE POVERTY RATES POVERTY SEVERITY POVERTY THRESHOLD PREGNANT WOMEN PRODUCTION FUNCTION REGIONAL AVERAGE REGIONAL DUMMIES RISK MANAGEMENT RUNNING WATER RURAL RURAL AREA RURAL AREAS RURAL COMMUNITIES RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL MIGRATION RURAL POPULATION SANITATION SCHOOLING SECONDARY SCHOOLS SOCIAL CAPITAL SOCIAL NETWORKS SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SERVICES SUBSISTENCE SUBSISTENCE ECONOMY TARGETING VIOLENCE VULNERABILITY TO POVERTY VULNERABLE ^ HOUSEHOLDS VULNERABLE GROUPS VULNERABLE PEOPLE
Online Access:	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20111021085837 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3616

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Summary:	This paper examines the dynamics of poverty and vulnerability in Haiti using various data sets. As living conditions survey data are not comparable in this country, we first propose to use the three rounds of the Demographic Health Survey (DHS) available before the earthquake. Decomposing household assets changes into age and cohort effects, we use repeated cross-section data to identify and estimate the variance of shocks on assets and to simulate the probability of being poor in the future. Poverty and vulnerability profiles are drawn from these estimates. Second, we decompose vulnerability to poverty into various sources using a unique survey conducted in 2007 in rural areas. Using two-level modelling of consumption/income, we assess the impact of both observable and unobservable idiosyncratic and covariate shocks on households' economic well-being. Empirical findings show that idiosyncratic shocks, in particular health-related shocks, have larger impact on vulnerability to poverty than covariate shocks. Third, asset-wealth is characterized for households after the 2010 earthquake based on a survey designed to provide a rapid assessment of food insecurity in Haiti after the quake. Whereas it is not possible to confirm the existence of poverty trap, it seems that those households who have lost the most due to the earthquake succeeded in recovering more rapidly from the shock, regardless of the effects of assistance, and probably more in line with coping strategies that are specific to households.

Vulnerability and Livelihoods before and after the Haiti Earthquake

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