Why Do People Die in Earthquakes? The Costs, Benefits and Institutions of Disaster Risk Reduction in Developing Countries
Every year, around 60,000 people die worldwide in natural disasters. The majority of the deaths are caused by building collapse in earthquakes, and the great majority occurs in the developing world. This is despite the fact that engineering solutio...
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| Format: | Policy Research Working Paper |
| Language: | English |
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2012
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| Online Access: | http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20090226130516 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/4042 |
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okr-10986-40422021-04-23T14:02:14Z Why Do People Die in Earthquakes? The Costs, Benefits and Institutions of Disaster Risk Reduction in Developing Countries Kenny, Charles ACCESS TO INFORMATION ACCIDENTS AGED AIDS EPIDEMIC BUILDING CODE BUILDING CODES CATASTROPHIC EVENTS CAUSES OF DEATH CHILD HEALTH CHILD MORTALITY CHILD MORTALITY RATE CHILD MORTALITY RATES CITIZENS CLIMATE CHANGE COLLAPSED BUILDINGS CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY COST EFFECTIVENESS DEATH RATES DEATH TOLL DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT NETWORK DISABILITY DISASTER DISASTER EVENTS DISASTER INSURANCE DISASTER MITIGATION DISASTER PLANNING DISASTER PREPAREDNESS DISASTER PREVENTION DISASTER REDUCTION DISASTER RELIEF DISASTER RISK DISASTER RISK REDUCTION DISASTER RISKS DISEASES DISSEMINATION DOCUMENTS EARLY WARNING EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS EARTHQUAKE EARTHQUAKES EDUCATED MOTHERS EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH EVACUATION EXERCISES FATALITIES FEMALE EDUCATION FERTILITY FERTILITY RATE FERTILITY RATES FEWER PEOPLE FIRST AID FLOOD FLOOD CONTROL FLOOD DAMAGE FLOOD INSURANCE FLOOD PROTECTION FLOODED FLOODING FLOODS FORMAL EDUCATION HEALTH EFFECTS HEALTH FACILITIES HEALTH INTERVENTIONS HEALTH OUTCOMES HEALTH RISK HEALTH RISKS HOSPITALS HOUSEHOLD SIZE HUMAN LIFE HURRICANE HURRICANES IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATION INFORMATION CAMPAIGNS INJURIES INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY INSURANCE INSURERS INTERNATIONAL AGENCIES INTERVENTION LACK OF INFORMATION LACK OF KNOWLEDGE LEGAL STATUS LOCAL GOVERNMENTS LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MALARIA MANDATES MORTALITY MORTALITY REDUCTION NATIONAL GOVERNMENT NATURAL CATASTROPHES NATURAL DISASTER NATURAL DISASTERS NATURAL HAZARD NATURAL HAZARDS NUMBER OF DEATHS NUTRITION PHYSICAL DAMAGE POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY SCHOOL PROGRESS PROVISION OF SERVICES PUBLIC HEARINGS PUBLIC SAFETY QUALITY CONTROL RECONSTRUCTION REGULATORY AGENCIES REGULATORY REGIME RESCUE RESPONSE TO DISASTER RICHER COUNTRIES RISK OF DEATH SAFETY SAFETY MEASURES SAVINGS SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SCHOOL BUILDINGS SCHOOL CHILDREN SERVICE PROVIDERS SKILLED PROFESSIONALS SKILLED WORKERS STORM STORMS SURVIVORS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TSUNAMI TYPHOONS URBAN DEVELOPMENT URBAN POPULATION USE OF RESOURCES VACCINATION VICTIMS WAR WOMAN WORKERS Every year, around 60,000 people die worldwide in natural disasters. The majority of the deaths are caused by building collapse in earthquakes, and the great majority occurs in the developing world. This is despite the fact that engineering solutions exist that can almost completely eliminate the risk of such deaths. Why is this? The engineering solutions are both expensive and technically demanding, so that the benefit-cost ratio of such solutions is often unfavorable compared with other interventions designed to save lives in developing countries. Nonetheless, a range of public disaster risk-reduction interventions (including construction activities) are highly cost effective. The fact that such interventions often remain unimplemented or ineffectively executed points to a role for issues of political economy. Building regulations in developing countries appear to have limited impact in many cases, perhaps because of limited capacity and the impact of corruption. Public construction is often of low quality - perhaps for similar reasons. This suggests approaches that emphasize simple and limited disaster risk regulation covering only the most at-risk structures and that (preferably) can be monitored by non-experts. It also suggests a range of transparency and oversight mechanisms for public construction projects. 2012-03-19T19:08:56Z 2012-03-19T19:08:56Z 2009-01-01 http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20090226130516 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/4042 English Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 4823 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper The World Region The World Region |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English |
| topic |
ACCESS TO INFORMATION ACCIDENTS AGED AIDS EPIDEMIC BUILDING CODE BUILDING CODES CATASTROPHIC EVENTS CAUSES OF DEATH CHILD HEALTH CHILD MORTALITY CHILD MORTALITY RATE CHILD MORTALITY RATES CITIZENS CLIMATE CHANGE COLLAPSED BUILDINGS CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY COST EFFECTIVENESS DEATH RATES DEATH TOLL DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT NETWORK DISABILITY DISASTER DISASTER EVENTS DISASTER INSURANCE DISASTER MITIGATION DISASTER PLANNING DISASTER PREPAREDNESS DISASTER PREVENTION DISASTER REDUCTION DISASTER RELIEF DISASTER RISK DISASTER RISK REDUCTION DISASTER RISKS DISEASES DISSEMINATION DOCUMENTS EARLY WARNING EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS EARTHQUAKE EARTHQUAKES EDUCATED MOTHERS EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH EVACUATION EXERCISES FATALITIES FEMALE EDUCATION FERTILITY FERTILITY RATE FERTILITY RATES FEWER PEOPLE FIRST AID FLOOD FLOOD CONTROL FLOOD DAMAGE FLOOD INSURANCE FLOOD PROTECTION FLOODED FLOODING FLOODS FORMAL EDUCATION HEALTH EFFECTS HEALTH FACILITIES HEALTH INTERVENTIONS HEALTH OUTCOMES HEALTH RISK HEALTH RISKS HOSPITALS HOUSEHOLD SIZE HUMAN LIFE HURRICANE HURRICANES IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATION INFORMATION CAMPAIGNS INJURIES INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY INSURANCE INSURERS INTERNATIONAL AGENCIES INTERVENTION LACK OF INFORMATION LACK OF KNOWLEDGE LEGAL STATUS LOCAL GOVERNMENTS LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MALARIA MANDATES MORTALITY MORTALITY REDUCTION NATIONAL GOVERNMENT NATURAL CATASTROPHES NATURAL DISASTER NATURAL DISASTERS NATURAL HAZARD NATURAL HAZARDS NUMBER OF DEATHS NUTRITION PHYSICAL DAMAGE POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY SCHOOL PROGRESS PROVISION OF SERVICES PUBLIC HEARINGS PUBLIC SAFETY QUALITY CONTROL RECONSTRUCTION REGULATORY AGENCIES REGULATORY REGIME RESCUE RESPONSE TO DISASTER RICHER COUNTRIES RISK OF DEATH SAFETY SAFETY MEASURES SAVINGS SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SCHOOL BUILDINGS SCHOOL CHILDREN SERVICE PROVIDERS SKILLED PROFESSIONALS SKILLED WORKERS STORM STORMS SURVIVORS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TSUNAMI TYPHOONS URBAN DEVELOPMENT URBAN POPULATION USE OF RESOURCES VACCINATION VICTIMS WAR WOMAN WORKERS |
| spellingShingle |
ACCESS TO INFORMATION ACCIDENTS AGED AIDS EPIDEMIC BUILDING CODE BUILDING CODES CATASTROPHIC EVENTS CAUSES OF DEATH CHILD HEALTH CHILD MORTALITY CHILD MORTALITY RATE CHILD MORTALITY RATES CITIZENS CLIMATE CHANGE COLLAPSED BUILDINGS CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY COST EFFECTIVENESS DEATH RATES DEATH TOLL DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT NETWORK DISABILITY DISASTER DISASTER EVENTS DISASTER INSURANCE DISASTER MITIGATION DISASTER PLANNING DISASTER PREPAREDNESS DISASTER PREVENTION DISASTER REDUCTION DISASTER RELIEF DISASTER RISK DISASTER RISK REDUCTION DISASTER RISKS DISEASES DISSEMINATION DOCUMENTS EARLY WARNING EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS EARTHQUAKE EARTHQUAKES EDUCATED MOTHERS EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH EVACUATION EXERCISES FATALITIES FEMALE EDUCATION FERTILITY FERTILITY RATE FERTILITY RATES FEWER PEOPLE FIRST AID FLOOD FLOOD CONTROL FLOOD DAMAGE FLOOD INSURANCE FLOOD PROTECTION FLOODED FLOODING FLOODS FORMAL EDUCATION HEALTH EFFECTS HEALTH FACILITIES HEALTH INTERVENTIONS HEALTH OUTCOMES HEALTH RISK HEALTH RISKS HOSPITALS HOUSEHOLD SIZE HUMAN LIFE HURRICANE HURRICANES IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATION INFORMATION CAMPAIGNS INJURIES INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY INSURANCE INSURERS INTERNATIONAL AGENCIES INTERVENTION LACK OF INFORMATION LACK OF KNOWLEDGE LEGAL STATUS LOCAL GOVERNMENTS LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MALARIA MANDATES MORTALITY MORTALITY REDUCTION NATIONAL GOVERNMENT NATURAL CATASTROPHES NATURAL DISASTER NATURAL DISASTERS NATURAL HAZARD NATURAL HAZARDS NUMBER OF DEATHS NUTRITION PHYSICAL DAMAGE POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY SCHOOL PROGRESS PROVISION OF SERVICES PUBLIC HEARINGS PUBLIC SAFETY QUALITY CONTROL RECONSTRUCTION REGULATORY AGENCIES REGULATORY REGIME RESCUE RESPONSE TO DISASTER RICHER COUNTRIES RISK OF DEATH SAFETY SAFETY MEASURES SAVINGS SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SCHOOL BUILDINGS SCHOOL CHILDREN SERVICE PROVIDERS SKILLED PROFESSIONALS SKILLED WORKERS STORM STORMS SURVIVORS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TSUNAMI TYPHOONS URBAN DEVELOPMENT URBAN POPULATION USE OF RESOURCES VACCINATION VICTIMS WAR WOMAN WORKERS Kenny, Charles Why Do People Die in Earthquakes? The Costs, Benefits and Institutions of Disaster Risk Reduction in Developing Countries |
| geographic_facet |
The World Region The World Region |
| relation |
Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 4823 |
| description |
Every year, around 60,000 people die
worldwide in natural disasters. The majority of the deaths
are caused by building collapse in earthquakes, and the
great majority occurs in the developing world. This is
despite the fact that engineering solutions exist that can
almost completely eliminate the risk of such deaths. Why is
this? The engineering solutions are both expensive and
technically demanding, so that the benefit-cost ratio of
such solutions is often unfavorable compared with other
interventions designed to save lives in developing
countries. Nonetheless, a range of public disaster
risk-reduction interventions (including construction
activities) are highly cost effective. The fact that such
interventions often remain unimplemented or ineffectively
executed points to a role for issues of political economy.
Building regulations in developing countries appear to have
limited impact in many cases, perhaps because of limited
capacity and the impact of corruption. Public construction
is often of low quality - perhaps for similar reasons. This
suggests approaches that emphasize simple and limited
disaster risk regulation covering only the most at-risk
structures and that (preferably) can be monitored by
non-experts. It also suggests a range of transparency and
oversight mechanisms for public construction projects. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper |
| author |
Kenny, Charles |
| author_facet |
Kenny, Charles |
| author_sort |
Kenny, Charles |
| title |
Why Do People Die in Earthquakes? The Costs, Benefits and Institutions of Disaster Risk Reduction in Developing Countries |
| title_short |
Why Do People Die in Earthquakes? The Costs, Benefits and Institutions of Disaster Risk Reduction in Developing Countries |
| title_full |
Why Do People Die in Earthquakes? The Costs, Benefits and Institutions of Disaster Risk Reduction in Developing Countries |
| title_fullStr |
Why Do People Die in Earthquakes? The Costs, Benefits and Institutions of Disaster Risk Reduction in Developing Countries |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Why Do People Die in Earthquakes? The Costs, Benefits and Institutions of Disaster Risk Reduction in Developing Countries |
| title_sort |
why do people die in earthquakes? the costs, benefits and institutions of disaster risk reduction in developing countries |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| url |
http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20090226130516 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/4042 |
| _version_ |
1764389644260081664 |