The Short-Term Impacts of a Schooling Conditional Cash Transfer Program on the Sexual Behavior of Young Women
Recent evidence suggests that conditional cash transfer programs for schooling are effective in raising school enrollment and attendance. However, there is also reason to believe that such programs can affect other outcomes, such as the sexual beha...
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| Format: | Policy Research Working Paper |
| Language: | English |
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2012
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| Online Access: | http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20091022111746 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/4281 |
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okr-10986-4281 |
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| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English |
| topic |
ADOLESCENT ADOLESCENT GIRLS ADULT HEALTH ADULT MORTALITY ADULT POPULATION AGE COHORT AGED AIDS EPIDEMIC ALCOHOLIC ALCOHOLIC DRINKS ATTENDANCE RECORDS BEHAVIOR CHANGE CHILD MORTALITY CHILDBEARING CHURCHES COMMUNITY HEALTH CONDOM CONDOM USE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DISSEMINATION DROPOUT DROPOUT RATE DROPOUT RATES EARLY CHILDHOOD EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT EARLY MARRIAGE EDUCATIONAL ACCESS EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES ENROLLMENT RATES EXAM EXAMS FAMILY BACKGROUND FAMILY PLANNING FEMALES FERTILITY FIRST MARRIAGE GENDER GAP GIRLS IN SCHOOL GLOBAL AIDS EPIDEMIC GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT HEALTH FACILITIES HIV HIV INFECTION HIV PREVENTION HIV/AIDS HOUSEHOLD ASSETS HOUSEHOLD SIZE HUMAN CAPITAL INDEXES INTERVENTIONS JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY JUNIOR CERTIFICATE LABOR MARKET LEARNING LITERACY LIVING STANDARDS LOW EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT LOW ENROLLMENT RATES MARITAL STATUS MOTHER MULTIPLE PARTNERS NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS NATIONAL HEALTH NUMBER OF DROPOUTS OLDER PARTNERS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH DIVISION POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POOR PEOPLE POPULATION COUNCIL PREGNANCIES PREVALENCE PRIMARY LEVEL PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOLS PRIVATE SCHOOLS PUBLIC SCHOOL PUBLIC SCHOOLS RESPECT RISK BEHAVIORS RISK FACTORS RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOR RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIORS RURAL AREAS RURAL COMMUNITIES SAFETY NETS SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SCHOOL CENSUS SCHOOL DROPOUT SCHOOL DROPOUTS SCHOOL ENROLLMENT SCHOOL FEE SCHOOL FEES SCHOOL GIRLS SCHOOL RECORDS SCHOOL UNIFORMS SCHOOL YEAR SCHOOL-AGE SCHOOL-AGE GIRLS SCHOOLING SECONDARY SCHOOL SECONDARY SCHOOLS SEX SEX FOR MONEY SEX WORK SEXUAL ACTIVITIES SEXUAL ACTIVITY SEXUAL BEHAVIOR SEXUAL INTERCOURSE SEXUAL PARTNER SEXUAL PARTNERS SEXUALLY ACTIVE SPILLOVER STD SUBSISTENCE FARMING TEEN TEEN PREGNANCY TEENAGE PREGNANCY TEXTBOOKS TRANSPORTATION TREATMENT TUITION URBAN AREAS URBAN CENTER VACCINE VICTIMS VIOLENCE VULNERABILITY WOMAN YOUNG ADULTS YOUNG PEOPLE YOUNG WOMAN YOUNG WOMEN Microdata Set |
| spellingShingle |
ADOLESCENT ADOLESCENT GIRLS ADULT HEALTH ADULT MORTALITY ADULT POPULATION AGE COHORT AGED AIDS EPIDEMIC ALCOHOLIC ALCOHOLIC DRINKS ATTENDANCE RECORDS BEHAVIOR CHANGE CHILD MORTALITY CHILDBEARING CHURCHES COMMUNITY HEALTH CONDOM CONDOM USE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DISSEMINATION DROPOUT DROPOUT RATE DROPOUT RATES EARLY CHILDHOOD EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT EARLY MARRIAGE EDUCATIONAL ACCESS EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES ENROLLMENT RATES EXAM EXAMS FAMILY BACKGROUND FAMILY PLANNING FEMALES FERTILITY FIRST MARRIAGE GENDER GAP GIRLS IN SCHOOL GLOBAL AIDS EPIDEMIC GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT HEALTH FACILITIES HIV HIV INFECTION HIV PREVENTION HIV/AIDS HOUSEHOLD ASSETS HOUSEHOLD SIZE HUMAN CAPITAL INDEXES INTERVENTIONS JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY JUNIOR CERTIFICATE LABOR MARKET LEARNING LITERACY LIVING STANDARDS LOW EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT LOW ENROLLMENT RATES MARITAL STATUS MOTHER MULTIPLE PARTNERS NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS NATIONAL HEALTH NUMBER OF DROPOUTS OLDER PARTNERS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH DIVISION POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POOR PEOPLE POPULATION COUNCIL PREGNANCIES PREVALENCE PRIMARY LEVEL PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOLS PRIVATE SCHOOLS PUBLIC SCHOOL PUBLIC SCHOOLS RESPECT RISK BEHAVIORS RISK FACTORS RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOR RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIORS RURAL AREAS RURAL COMMUNITIES SAFETY NETS SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SCHOOL CENSUS SCHOOL DROPOUT SCHOOL DROPOUTS SCHOOL ENROLLMENT SCHOOL FEE SCHOOL FEES SCHOOL GIRLS SCHOOL RECORDS SCHOOL UNIFORMS SCHOOL YEAR SCHOOL-AGE SCHOOL-AGE GIRLS SCHOOLING SECONDARY SCHOOL SECONDARY SCHOOLS SEX SEX FOR MONEY SEX WORK SEXUAL ACTIVITIES SEXUAL ACTIVITY SEXUAL BEHAVIOR SEXUAL INTERCOURSE SEXUAL PARTNER SEXUAL PARTNERS SEXUALLY ACTIVE SPILLOVER STD SUBSISTENCE FARMING TEEN TEEN PREGNANCY TEENAGE PREGNANCY TEXTBOOKS TRANSPORTATION TREATMENT TUITION URBAN AREAS URBAN CENTER VACCINE VICTIMS VIOLENCE VULNERABILITY WOMAN YOUNG ADULTS YOUNG PEOPLE YOUNG WOMAN YOUNG WOMEN Microdata Set Baird, Sarah Chirwa, Ephraim McIntosh, Craig Ozler, Berk The Short-Term Impacts of a Schooling Conditional Cash Transfer Program on the Sexual Behavior of Young Women |
| geographic_facet |
Africa Africa Sub-Saharan Africa Southern Africa Malawi |
| relation |
Paper is funded by the Knowledge for Change
Program (KCP),Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 5089,Impact Evaluation series ; no. IE 40 |
| description |
Recent evidence suggests that
conditional cash transfer programs for schooling are
effective in raising school enrollment and attendance.
However, there is also reason to believe that such programs
can affect other outcomes, such as the sexual behavior of
their young beneficiaries. Zomba Cash Transfer Program is a
randomized, ongoing conditional cash transfer intervention
targeting young women in Malawi that provides incentives (in
the form of school fees and cash transfers) to current
schoolgirls and recent dropouts to stay in or return to
school. An average offer of US$10/month conditional on
satisfactory school attendance plus direct payment of
secondary school fees led to significant declines in early
marriage, teenage pregnancy, and self-reported sexual
activity among program beneficiaries after just one year of
program implementation. For program beneficiaries who were
out of school at baseline, the probability of getting
married and becoming pregnant declined by more than 40
percent and 30 percent, respectively. In addition, the
incidence of the onset of sexual activity was 38 percent
lower among all program beneficiaries than the control
group. Overall, these results suggest that conditional cash
transfer programs not only serve as useful tools for
improving school attendance, but may also reduce sexual
activity, teen pregnancy, and early marriage. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper |
| author |
Baird, Sarah Chirwa, Ephraim McIntosh, Craig Ozler, Berk |
| author_facet |
Baird, Sarah Chirwa, Ephraim McIntosh, Craig Ozler, Berk |
| author_sort |
Baird, Sarah |
| title |
The Short-Term Impacts of a Schooling Conditional Cash Transfer Program on the Sexual Behavior of Young Women |
| title_short |
The Short-Term Impacts of a Schooling Conditional Cash Transfer Program on the Sexual Behavior of Young Women |
| title_full |
The Short-Term Impacts of a Schooling Conditional Cash Transfer Program on the Sexual Behavior of Young Women |
| title_fullStr |
The Short-Term Impacts of a Schooling Conditional Cash Transfer Program on the Sexual Behavior of Young Women |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The Short-Term Impacts of a Schooling Conditional Cash Transfer Program on the Sexual Behavior of Young Women |
| title_sort |
short-term impacts of a schooling conditional cash transfer program on the sexual behavior of young women |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| url |
http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20091022111746 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/4281 |
| _version_ |
1764390732205916160 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-42812021-04-23T14:02:16Z The Short-Term Impacts of a Schooling Conditional Cash Transfer Program on the Sexual Behavior of Young Women Baird, Sarah Chirwa, Ephraim McIntosh, Craig Ozler, Berk ADOLESCENT ADOLESCENT GIRLS ADULT HEALTH ADULT MORTALITY ADULT POPULATION AGE COHORT AGED AIDS EPIDEMIC ALCOHOLIC ALCOHOLIC DRINKS ATTENDANCE RECORDS BEHAVIOR CHANGE CHILD MORTALITY CHILDBEARING CHURCHES COMMUNITY HEALTH CONDOM CONDOM USE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DISSEMINATION DROPOUT DROPOUT RATE DROPOUT RATES EARLY CHILDHOOD EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT EARLY MARRIAGE EDUCATIONAL ACCESS EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES ENROLLMENT RATES EXAM EXAMS FAMILY BACKGROUND FAMILY PLANNING FEMALES FERTILITY FIRST MARRIAGE GENDER GAP GIRLS IN SCHOOL GLOBAL AIDS EPIDEMIC GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT HEALTH FACILITIES HIV HIV INFECTION HIV PREVENTION HIV/AIDS HOUSEHOLD ASSETS HOUSEHOLD SIZE HUMAN CAPITAL INDEXES INTERVENTIONS JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY JUNIOR CERTIFICATE LABOR MARKET LEARNING LITERACY LIVING STANDARDS LOW EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT LOW ENROLLMENT RATES MARITAL STATUS MOTHER MULTIPLE PARTNERS NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS NATIONAL HEALTH NUMBER OF DROPOUTS OLDER PARTNERS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH DIVISION POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POOR PEOPLE POPULATION COUNCIL PREGNANCIES PREVALENCE PRIMARY LEVEL PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOLS PRIVATE SCHOOLS PUBLIC SCHOOL PUBLIC SCHOOLS RESPECT RISK BEHAVIORS RISK FACTORS RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOR RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIORS RURAL AREAS RURAL COMMUNITIES SAFETY NETS SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SCHOOL CENSUS SCHOOL DROPOUT SCHOOL DROPOUTS SCHOOL ENROLLMENT SCHOOL FEE SCHOOL FEES SCHOOL GIRLS SCHOOL RECORDS SCHOOL UNIFORMS SCHOOL YEAR SCHOOL-AGE SCHOOL-AGE GIRLS SCHOOLING SECONDARY SCHOOL SECONDARY SCHOOLS SEX SEX FOR MONEY SEX WORK SEXUAL ACTIVITIES SEXUAL ACTIVITY SEXUAL BEHAVIOR SEXUAL INTERCOURSE SEXUAL PARTNER SEXUAL PARTNERS SEXUALLY ACTIVE SPILLOVER STD SUBSISTENCE FARMING TEEN TEEN PREGNANCY TEENAGE PREGNANCY TEXTBOOKS TRANSPORTATION TREATMENT TUITION URBAN AREAS URBAN CENTER VACCINE VICTIMS VIOLENCE VULNERABILITY WOMAN YOUNG ADULTS YOUNG PEOPLE YOUNG WOMAN YOUNG WOMEN Microdata Set Recent evidence suggests that conditional cash transfer programs for schooling are effective in raising school enrollment and attendance. However, there is also reason to believe that such programs can affect other outcomes, such as the sexual behavior of their young beneficiaries. Zomba Cash Transfer Program is a randomized, ongoing conditional cash transfer intervention targeting young women in Malawi that provides incentives (in the form of school fees and cash transfers) to current schoolgirls and recent dropouts to stay in or return to school. An average offer of US$10/month conditional on satisfactory school attendance plus direct payment of secondary school fees led to significant declines in early marriage, teenage pregnancy, and self-reported sexual activity among program beneficiaries after just one year of program implementation. For program beneficiaries who were out of school at baseline, the probability of getting married and becoming pregnant declined by more than 40 percent and 30 percent, respectively. In addition, the incidence of the onset of sexual activity was 38 percent lower among all program beneficiaries than the control group. Overall, these results suggest that conditional cash transfer programs not only serve as useful tools for improving school attendance, but may also reduce sexual activity, teen pregnancy, and early marriage. 2012-03-19T19:13:12Z 2012-03-19T19:13:12Z 2009-10-01 http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20091022111746 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/4281 English Paper is funded by the Knowledge for Change Program (KCP),Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 5089,Impact Evaluation series ; no. IE 40 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Africa Africa Sub-Saharan Africa Southern Africa Malawi |