Regulatory Instruments to Control Environmental Externalities from the Transport Sector
This study reviews regulatory instruments designed to reduce environmental externalities from the transport sector. We find that the main regulatory instruments used in practice are fuel economy standards, vehicle emission standards, and fuel quality standards. While industrialized countries have in...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | EN |
| Published: |
2012
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10986/4981 |
| id |
okr-10986-4981 |
|---|---|
| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| spelling |
okr-10986-49812021-04-23T14:02:20Z Regulatory Instruments to Control Environmental Externalities from the Transport Sector Timilsina, Govinda R. Dulal, Hari B. Economics of Regulation L510 Railroads and Other Surface Transportation L920 Industry Studies: Utilities and Transportation: Government Policy L980 Air Pollution Water Pollution Noise Hazardous Waste Solid Waste Recycling Q530 Environmental Economics: Government Policy Q580 Transportation Systems: Government Pricing Regulatory Policies R480 This study reviews regulatory instruments designed to reduce environmental externalities from the transport sector. We find that the main regulatory instruments used in practice are fuel economy standards, vehicle emission standards, and fuel quality standards. While industrialized countries have introduced all three standards with strong enforcement mechanisms, most developing countries have yet to introduce fuel economy standards. The emission standards introduced by many developing countries to control local air pollutants follow either the EU or U.S. standards. Fuel quality standards, particularly for gasoline and diesel, have been introduced in many countries mandating 2 to 10 percents blending of biofuels, 10 to 50 times reduction of sulfur from 1996 levels and banning lead contents. Although inspection and maintenance (I/M) programs are in place in both industrialized and developing countries to enforce regulatory standards, these programs have faced several challenges in developing countries due to a lack of resources. The study also highlights several factors affecting the selection of regulatory instruments, such as countries' environmental priorities and institutional capacities. 2012-03-30T07:30:41Z 2012-03-30T07:30:41Z 2009 Journal Article European Transport/Trasporti Europei 18253997 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/4981 EN http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/igo World Bank Journal Article |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
EN |
| topic |
Economics of Regulation L510 Railroads and Other Surface Transportation L920 Industry Studies: Utilities and Transportation: Government Policy L980 Air Pollution Water Pollution Noise Hazardous Waste Solid Waste Recycling Q530 Environmental Economics: Government Policy Q580 Transportation Systems: Government Pricing Regulatory Policies R480 |
| spellingShingle |
Economics of Regulation L510 Railroads and Other Surface Transportation L920 Industry Studies: Utilities and Transportation: Government Policy L980 Air Pollution Water Pollution Noise Hazardous Waste Solid Waste Recycling Q530 Environmental Economics: Government Policy Q580 Transportation Systems: Government Pricing Regulatory Policies R480 Timilsina, Govinda R. Dulal, Hari B. Regulatory Instruments to Control Environmental Externalities from the Transport Sector |
| relation |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/igo |
| description |
This study reviews regulatory instruments designed to reduce environmental externalities from the transport sector. We find that the main regulatory instruments used in practice are fuel economy standards, vehicle emission standards, and fuel quality standards. While industrialized countries have introduced all three standards with strong enforcement mechanisms, most developing countries have yet to introduce fuel economy standards. The emission standards introduced by many developing countries to control local air pollutants follow either the EU or U.S. standards. Fuel quality standards, particularly for gasoline and diesel, have been introduced in many countries mandating 2 to 10 percents blending of biofuels, 10 to 50 times reduction of sulfur from 1996 levels and banning lead contents. Although inspection and maintenance (I/M) programs are in place in both industrialized and developing countries to enforce regulatory standards, these programs have faced several challenges in developing countries due to a lack of resources. The study also highlights several factors affecting the selection of regulatory instruments, such as countries' environmental priorities and institutional capacities. |
| format |
Journal Article |
| author |
Timilsina, Govinda R. Dulal, Hari B. |
| author_facet |
Timilsina, Govinda R. Dulal, Hari B. |
| author_sort |
Timilsina, Govinda R. |
| title |
Regulatory Instruments to Control Environmental Externalities from the Transport Sector |
| title_short |
Regulatory Instruments to Control Environmental Externalities from the Transport Sector |
| title_full |
Regulatory Instruments to Control Environmental Externalities from the Transport Sector |
| title_fullStr |
Regulatory Instruments to Control Environmental Externalities from the Transport Sector |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Regulatory Instruments to Control Environmental Externalities from the Transport Sector |
| title_sort |
regulatory instruments to control environmental externalities from the transport sector |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/4981 |
| _version_ |
1764393485782220800 |