Is Structured Observation a Valid Technique to Measure Handwashing Behavior? Use of Acceleration Sensors Embedded in Soap to Assess Reactivity to Structured Observation

Structured observation is often used to evaluate handwashing behavior We assessed reactivity to structured observation in rural Bangladesh by distributing soap containing acceleration sensors and performing structured observa non 4 days later Sensors recorded the number of times soap was moved In 45...

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Main Authors:	Ram, P. K., Halder, A. K., Granger, S. P., Jones, T., Hall, P., Hitchcock, D., Wright, R., Nygren, B., Islam, M. S., Molyneaux, J. W., Luby, S. P.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	EN
Published:	2012
Online Access:	http://hdl.handle.net/10986/5327

id	okr-10986-5327
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-53272021-04-23T14:02:21Z Is Structured Observation a Valid Technique to Measure Handwashing Behavior? Use of Acceleration Sensors Embedded in Soap to Assess Reactivity to Structured Observation Ram, P. K. Halder, A. K. Granger, S. P. Jones, T. Hall, P. Hitchcock, D. Wright, R. Nygren, B. Islam, M. S. Molyneaux, J. W. Luby, S. P. Structured observation is often used to evaluate handwashing behavior We assessed reactivity to structured observation in rural Bangladesh by distributing soap containing acceleration sensors and performing structured observa non 4 days later Sensors recorded the number of times soap was moved In 45 participating households, the median number of sensor soap movements during the 5 hour time block on pre observation days was 37 (range 0 3-10 6) During the structured observation the median number of sensor soap movements was 5 0 (range 0-18 0), a 35% increase, P = 0 0004 Compared with the same 5 hour time block on pre observation days the number of sensor soap movements increased during structured observation by >= 20% in 62% of households, and by >= 100% in 22% of households The increase in sensor soap movements during structured observation compared with pre observation days indicates substantial reactivity to the presence of the observer These findings call into question the validity of structured observation for measurement of handwashing behavior 2012-03-30T07:32:19Z 2012-03-30T07:32:19Z 2010 Journal Article American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 0002-9637 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/5327 EN http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/igo World Bank Journal Article
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	EN
relation	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/igo
description	Structured observation is often used to evaluate handwashing behavior We assessed reactivity to structured observation in rural Bangladesh by distributing soap containing acceleration sensors and performing structured observa non 4 days later Sensors recorded the number of times soap was moved In 45 participating households, the median number of sensor soap movements during the 5 hour time block on pre observation days was 37 (range 0 3-10 6) During the structured observation the median number of sensor soap movements was 5 0 (range 0-18 0), a 35% increase, P = 0 0004 Compared with the same 5 hour time block on pre observation days the number of sensor soap movements increased during structured observation by >= 20% in 62% of households, and by >= 100% in 22% of households The increase in sensor soap movements during structured observation compared with pre observation days indicates substantial reactivity to the presence of the observer These findings call into question the validity of structured observation for measurement of handwashing behavior
format	Journal Article
author	Ram, P. K. Halder, A. K. Granger, S. P. Jones, T. Hall, P. Hitchcock, D. Wright, R. Nygren, B. Islam, M. S. Molyneaux, J. W. Luby, S. P.
spellingShingle	Ram, P. K. Halder, A. K. Granger, S. P. Jones, T. Hall, P. Hitchcock, D. Wright, R. Nygren, B. Islam, M. S. Molyneaux, J. W. Luby, S. P. Is Structured Observation a Valid Technique to Measure Handwashing Behavior? Use of Acceleration Sensors Embedded in Soap to Assess Reactivity to Structured Observation
author_facet	Ram, P. K. Halder, A. K. Granger, S. P. Jones, T. Hall, P. Hitchcock, D. Wright, R. Nygren, B. Islam, M. S. Molyneaux, J. W. Luby, S. P.
author_sort	Ram, P. K.
title	Is Structured Observation a Valid Technique to Measure Handwashing Behavior? Use of Acceleration Sensors Embedded in Soap to Assess Reactivity to Structured Observation
title_short	Is Structured Observation a Valid Technique to Measure Handwashing Behavior? Use of Acceleration Sensors Embedded in Soap to Assess Reactivity to Structured Observation
title_full	Is Structured Observation a Valid Technique to Measure Handwashing Behavior? Use of Acceleration Sensors Embedded in Soap to Assess Reactivity to Structured Observation
title_fullStr	Is Structured Observation a Valid Technique to Measure Handwashing Behavior? Use of Acceleration Sensors Embedded in Soap to Assess Reactivity to Structured Observation
title_full_unstemmed	Is Structured Observation a Valid Technique to Measure Handwashing Behavior? Use of Acceleration Sensors Embedded in Soap to Assess Reactivity to Structured Observation
title_sort	is structured observation a valid technique to measure handwashing behavior? use of acceleration sensors embedded in soap to assess reactivity to structured observation
publishDate	2012
url	http://hdl.handle.net/10986/5327
_version_	1764394660187340800

Is Structured Observation a Valid Technique to Measure Handwashing Behavior? Use of Acceleration Sensors Embedded in Soap to Assess Reactivity to Structured Observation

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