Youth Employment and Skills Development in The Gambia
Despite substantial improvements in access to basic education and steady economic growth, The Gambia still faces considerable challenges in respect to reducing poverty. As the result of its narrow economic base and its reduced internal market, the...
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| Format: | Publication |
| Language: | English |
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World Bank
2012
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| Online Access: | http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000386194_20110817025421 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/5923 |
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okr-10986-5923 |
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oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
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Foreign Institution |
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Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English |
| topic |
ACCESS TO TRAINING ACQUISITION OF SKILLS ADOLESCENCE ADULT EMPLOYMENT ADULT WORKERS ADULTHOOD AGE GROUP AGE GROUPS AGRICULTURAL TRAINING ANNUAL POPULATION GROWTH RATE APPRENTICESHIP AREA OF SKILLS BASIC EDUCATION BIRTH RATE BIRTH RATES BRAIN DRAIN CHILD LABOR CLASSROOM COGNITIVE SKILLS CONSUMER PRICE INDEX CONTINUING EDUCATION CRAFTSMEN CREATIVE THINKING CURRICULA CURRICULUM CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT DOMESTIC MARKET EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT EDUCATION EXPENDITURE EDUCATION FOR ALL EDUCATION OPPORTUNITIES EDUCATION PROGRAMS EDUCATION SECTOR EDUCATION SYSTEM EMPLOYABILITY EMPLOYABLE SKILLS EMPLOYEE EMPLOYMENT GROWTH EMPLOYMENT GROWTH RATE EMPLOYMENT INCREASES EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES EMPLOYMENT PROBABILITY EMPLOYMENT PROSPECTS EMPLOYMENT STATUS EMPLOYMENT TRAINING ENROLLMENT ENTERPRISE TRAINING ENTREPRENEURSHIP TRAINING FAMILIES FEMALE YOUTH FORMAL EDUCATION FORMAL LABOR MARKET FORMAL SCHOOL SYSTEM GENDER BIAS GENDER GAP HIGH QUALITY EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER GRADES HIGHER LEVELS OF EDUCATION HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT ILLITERATE ADULTS IN-SERVICE TRAINING INFORMAL SECTOR INSTRUCTION INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION JOB CREATION JOB EXPERIENCE JOB SEARCH JOB SEEKERS JOBS LABOR DEMAND LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET CHARACTERISTICS LABOR MARKET INFORMATION LABOR MARKET OUTCOME LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES LABOR MARKETS LABOR SUPPLY LABOUR LEARNERS LEVEL OF EDUCATION LIFE-LONG LEARNING LOCAL LABOR MARKET LOCAL LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS LOW EMPLOYMENT LOW LEVELS OF EDUCATION MALE COUNTERPARTS MANPOWER MARITAL STATUS MERCHANTS MORAL IMPERATIVE MORTALITY NATIONAL EDUCATION NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY NATIONAL UNEMPLOYMENT NATIONAL UNEMPLOYMENT RATE NEEDS ASSESSMENT NEEDS OF YOUTH NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS NUMBER OF SCHOOLS OCCUPATION OCCUPATIONS PASS RATE PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIME AGE PRIVATE PROVIDERS PRIVATE PROVISION PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE TRAINING PRIVATE TRAINING INSTITUTIONS PRIVATE TRAINING PROVIDERS PRODUCTION WORKERS PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT PROVISION OF TECHNICAL PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS PUBLIC SCHOOL PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM QUALITY ASSURANCE QUALITY EDUCATION REGISTRATION FEES REMEDIAL EDUCATION RETAIL TRADE RURAL AREAS RURAL CHILDREN RURAL LABOR RURAL WORKERS RURAL YOUTH SCHOOL AGE SCHOOL FACILITIES SCHOOL FEES SCHOOL SYSTEM SCHOOL TO WORK TRANSITION SCHOOLING SCHOOLS SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL SENIOR SECONDARY LEVEL SKILLS ACQUISITION SKILLS DEVELOPMENT SKILLS FOR EMPLOYMENT SKILLS TRAINING SUPPLIERS TEACHING TECHNICAL EDUCATION TEENAGERS TRAINEES TRAINING CENTER TRAINING CENTERS TRAINING DELIVERY TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES TRAINING PROGRAMS TRAINING PROVIDERS TUITION UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED PERSON UNEMPLOYMENT RATES URBAN YOUTH VOCATIONAL EDUCATION VOCATIONAL SKILLS VOCATIONAL TRAINING WAGE PREMIUM WAGES WORKER WORKING CHILDREN YOUNG ADULTS YOUNG PEOPLE YOUNG WOMEN YOUNG WORKERS YOUTH YOUTH EMPLOYMENT YOUTH INVOLVEMENT YOUTH LABOR YOUTH POPULATION YOUTH TRAINING YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT RATE YOUTH WORK Microdata Set |
| spellingShingle |
ACCESS TO TRAINING ACQUISITION OF SKILLS ADOLESCENCE ADULT EMPLOYMENT ADULT WORKERS ADULTHOOD AGE GROUP AGE GROUPS AGRICULTURAL TRAINING ANNUAL POPULATION GROWTH RATE APPRENTICESHIP AREA OF SKILLS BASIC EDUCATION BIRTH RATE BIRTH RATES BRAIN DRAIN CHILD LABOR CLASSROOM COGNITIVE SKILLS CONSUMER PRICE INDEX CONTINUING EDUCATION CRAFTSMEN CREATIVE THINKING CURRICULA CURRICULUM CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT DOMESTIC MARKET EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT EDUCATION EXPENDITURE EDUCATION FOR ALL EDUCATION OPPORTUNITIES EDUCATION PROGRAMS EDUCATION SECTOR EDUCATION SYSTEM EMPLOYABILITY EMPLOYABLE SKILLS EMPLOYEE EMPLOYMENT GROWTH EMPLOYMENT GROWTH RATE EMPLOYMENT INCREASES EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES EMPLOYMENT PROBABILITY EMPLOYMENT PROSPECTS EMPLOYMENT STATUS EMPLOYMENT TRAINING ENROLLMENT ENTERPRISE TRAINING ENTREPRENEURSHIP TRAINING FAMILIES FEMALE YOUTH FORMAL EDUCATION FORMAL LABOR MARKET FORMAL SCHOOL SYSTEM GENDER BIAS GENDER GAP HIGH QUALITY EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER GRADES HIGHER LEVELS OF EDUCATION HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT ILLITERATE ADULTS IN-SERVICE TRAINING INFORMAL SECTOR INSTRUCTION INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION JOB CREATION JOB EXPERIENCE JOB SEARCH JOB SEEKERS JOBS LABOR DEMAND LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET CHARACTERISTICS LABOR MARKET INFORMATION LABOR MARKET OUTCOME LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES LABOR MARKETS LABOR SUPPLY LABOUR LEARNERS LEVEL OF EDUCATION LIFE-LONG LEARNING LOCAL LABOR MARKET LOCAL LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS LOW EMPLOYMENT LOW LEVELS OF EDUCATION MALE COUNTERPARTS MANPOWER MARITAL STATUS MERCHANTS MORAL IMPERATIVE MORTALITY NATIONAL EDUCATION NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY NATIONAL UNEMPLOYMENT NATIONAL UNEMPLOYMENT RATE NEEDS ASSESSMENT NEEDS OF YOUTH NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS NUMBER OF SCHOOLS OCCUPATION OCCUPATIONS PASS RATE PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIME AGE PRIVATE PROVIDERS PRIVATE PROVISION PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE TRAINING PRIVATE TRAINING INSTITUTIONS PRIVATE TRAINING PROVIDERS PRODUCTION WORKERS PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT PROVISION OF TECHNICAL PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS PUBLIC SCHOOL PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM QUALITY ASSURANCE QUALITY EDUCATION REGISTRATION FEES REMEDIAL EDUCATION RETAIL TRADE RURAL AREAS RURAL CHILDREN RURAL LABOR RURAL WORKERS RURAL YOUTH SCHOOL AGE SCHOOL FACILITIES SCHOOL FEES SCHOOL SYSTEM SCHOOL TO WORK TRANSITION SCHOOLING SCHOOLS SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL SENIOR SECONDARY LEVEL SKILLS ACQUISITION SKILLS DEVELOPMENT SKILLS FOR EMPLOYMENT SKILLS TRAINING SUPPLIERS TEACHING TECHNICAL EDUCATION TEENAGERS TRAINEES TRAINING CENTER TRAINING CENTERS TRAINING DELIVERY TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES TRAINING PROGRAMS TRAINING PROVIDERS TUITION UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED PERSON UNEMPLOYMENT RATES URBAN YOUTH VOCATIONAL EDUCATION VOCATIONAL SKILLS VOCATIONAL TRAINING WAGE PREMIUM WAGES WORKER WORKING CHILDREN YOUNG ADULTS YOUNG PEOPLE YOUNG WOMEN YOUNG WORKERS YOUTH YOUTH EMPLOYMENT YOUTH INVOLVEMENT YOUTH LABOR YOUTH POPULATION YOUTH TRAINING YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT RATE YOUTH WORK Microdata Set Lahire, Nathalie Johanson, Richard Wilcox, Ryoko Tomita Youth Employment and Skills Development in The Gambia |
| geographic_facet |
Africa West Africa Sub-Saharan Africa Sahel Gambia, The |
| relation |
World Bank Working Paper ; No. 217. Africa
Human Development Series |
| description |
Despite substantial improvements in
access to basic education and steady economic growth, The
Gambia still faces considerable challenges in respect to
reducing poverty. As the result of its narrow economic base
and its reduced internal market, the country will continue
to rely heavily on the productivity of its citizens to
reverse the cycle that keeps families in poverty generation
after generation. Poverty reduction is a complex equation
that involves improvements in job creation, especially for
high-skilled and productive employment, as well as
improvements in human capital levels to ensure that citizens
are able to take advantage of employment opportunities.
Currently, however, low human capital levels greatly limit
the productivity and employment outcomes of the population,
as evidenced by the fact that a majority continues to work
in subsistence agriculture, especially in rural areas.
Nearly 60 percent of the poor in The Gambia are under the
age of 20 years. Youth face significant challenges with
respect to employment outcomes, such as a very difficult
transition from school to work and very low levels of
education and training. In terms of education levels, a
significant proportion of young people (especially in rural
areas) leave school early, in part due to what are perceived
to be low returns on education. Many of those who do receive
high quality education and training choose to emigrate. In a
country where more than half the population is under the age
of 20 years, these trends are worrisome. Overall, young
workers are employed in jobs of low quality and high levels
of informality. Female youth are also much more likely to be
self-employed (46 percent, versus 32 percent for male
youth). More than half of young workers are engaged in
agriculture, which predominates in rural areas (82 percent,
versus 16 percent in urban areas), and the services sector
is the most important source of youth employment in cities
and towns, accounting for almost 65 percent of employed
youth. Female youth are less likely to be employed or in
education, and more likely to be inactive (31 percent,
against 27 percent for male youth); possibly reflecting the
period when child-rearing and domestic responsibilities
begin for female youth. The study assessed the impact of the
following factors on youth's time use: education level,
gender, local labor supply and demand, and place of
residence. From the analysis, it was noted that the
probability of being employed decreases as the level of
human capital increases. In fact, uneducated youth display
the highest probability of being employed. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Publication |
| author |
Lahire, Nathalie Johanson, Richard Wilcox, Ryoko Tomita |
| author_facet |
Lahire, Nathalie Johanson, Richard Wilcox, Ryoko Tomita |
| author_sort |
Lahire, Nathalie |
| title |
Youth Employment and Skills
Development in The Gambia |
| title_short |
Youth Employment and Skills
Development in The Gambia |
| title_full |
Youth Employment and Skills
Development in The Gambia |
| title_fullStr |
Youth Employment and Skills
Development in The Gambia |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Youth Employment and Skills
Development in The Gambia |
| title_sort |
youth employment and skills
development in the gambia |
| publisher |
World Bank |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| url |
http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000386194_20110817025421 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/5923 |
| _version_ |
1764396786512822272 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-59232021-04-23T14:02:24Z Youth Employment and Skills Development in The Gambia Lahire, Nathalie Johanson, Richard Wilcox, Ryoko Tomita ACCESS TO TRAINING ACQUISITION OF SKILLS ADOLESCENCE ADULT EMPLOYMENT ADULT WORKERS ADULTHOOD AGE GROUP AGE GROUPS AGRICULTURAL TRAINING ANNUAL POPULATION GROWTH RATE APPRENTICESHIP AREA OF SKILLS BASIC EDUCATION BIRTH RATE BIRTH RATES BRAIN DRAIN CHILD LABOR CLASSROOM COGNITIVE SKILLS CONSUMER PRICE INDEX CONTINUING EDUCATION CRAFTSMEN CREATIVE THINKING CURRICULA CURRICULUM CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT DOMESTIC MARKET EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT EDUCATION EXPENDITURE EDUCATION FOR ALL EDUCATION OPPORTUNITIES EDUCATION PROGRAMS EDUCATION SECTOR EDUCATION SYSTEM EMPLOYABILITY EMPLOYABLE SKILLS EMPLOYEE EMPLOYMENT GROWTH EMPLOYMENT GROWTH RATE EMPLOYMENT INCREASES EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES EMPLOYMENT PROBABILITY EMPLOYMENT PROSPECTS EMPLOYMENT STATUS EMPLOYMENT TRAINING ENROLLMENT ENTERPRISE TRAINING ENTREPRENEURSHIP TRAINING FAMILIES FEMALE YOUTH FORMAL EDUCATION FORMAL LABOR MARKET FORMAL SCHOOL SYSTEM GENDER BIAS GENDER GAP HIGH QUALITY EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER GRADES HIGHER LEVELS OF EDUCATION HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT ILLITERATE ADULTS IN-SERVICE TRAINING INFORMAL SECTOR INSTRUCTION INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION JOB CREATION JOB EXPERIENCE JOB SEARCH JOB SEEKERS JOBS LABOR DEMAND LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET CHARACTERISTICS LABOR MARKET INFORMATION LABOR MARKET OUTCOME LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES LABOR MARKETS LABOR SUPPLY LABOUR LEARNERS LEVEL OF EDUCATION LIFE-LONG LEARNING LOCAL LABOR MARKET LOCAL LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS LOW EMPLOYMENT LOW LEVELS OF EDUCATION MALE COUNTERPARTS MANPOWER MARITAL STATUS MERCHANTS MORAL IMPERATIVE MORTALITY NATIONAL EDUCATION NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY NATIONAL UNEMPLOYMENT NATIONAL UNEMPLOYMENT RATE NEEDS ASSESSMENT NEEDS OF YOUTH NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS NUMBER OF SCHOOLS OCCUPATION OCCUPATIONS PASS RATE PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIME AGE PRIVATE PROVIDERS PRIVATE PROVISION PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE TRAINING PRIVATE TRAINING INSTITUTIONS PRIVATE TRAINING PROVIDERS PRODUCTION WORKERS PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT PROVISION OF TECHNICAL PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS PUBLIC SCHOOL PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM QUALITY ASSURANCE QUALITY EDUCATION REGISTRATION FEES REMEDIAL EDUCATION RETAIL TRADE RURAL AREAS RURAL CHILDREN RURAL LABOR RURAL WORKERS RURAL YOUTH SCHOOL AGE SCHOOL FACILITIES SCHOOL FEES SCHOOL SYSTEM SCHOOL TO WORK TRANSITION SCHOOLING SCHOOLS SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL SENIOR SECONDARY LEVEL SKILLS ACQUISITION SKILLS DEVELOPMENT SKILLS FOR EMPLOYMENT SKILLS TRAINING SUPPLIERS TEACHING TECHNICAL EDUCATION TEENAGERS TRAINEES TRAINING CENTER TRAINING CENTERS TRAINING DELIVERY TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES TRAINING PROGRAMS TRAINING PROVIDERS TUITION UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED PERSON UNEMPLOYMENT RATES URBAN YOUTH VOCATIONAL EDUCATION VOCATIONAL SKILLS VOCATIONAL TRAINING WAGE PREMIUM WAGES WORKER WORKING CHILDREN YOUNG ADULTS YOUNG PEOPLE YOUNG WOMEN YOUNG WORKERS YOUTH YOUTH EMPLOYMENT YOUTH INVOLVEMENT YOUTH LABOR YOUTH POPULATION YOUTH TRAINING YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT RATE YOUTH WORK Microdata Set Despite substantial improvements in access to basic education and steady economic growth, The Gambia still faces considerable challenges in respect to reducing poverty. As the result of its narrow economic base and its reduced internal market, the country will continue to rely heavily on the productivity of its citizens to reverse the cycle that keeps families in poverty generation after generation. Poverty reduction is a complex equation that involves improvements in job creation, especially for high-skilled and productive employment, as well as improvements in human capital levels to ensure that citizens are able to take advantage of employment opportunities. Currently, however, low human capital levels greatly limit the productivity and employment outcomes of the population, as evidenced by the fact that a majority continues to work in subsistence agriculture, especially in rural areas. Nearly 60 percent of the poor in The Gambia are under the age of 20 years. Youth face significant challenges with respect to employment outcomes, such as a very difficult transition from school to work and very low levels of education and training. In terms of education levels, a significant proportion of young people (especially in rural areas) leave school early, in part due to what are perceived to be low returns on education. Many of those who do receive high quality education and training choose to emigrate. In a country where more than half the population is under the age of 20 years, these trends are worrisome. Overall, young workers are employed in jobs of low quality and high levels of informality. Female youth are also much more likely to be self-employed (46 percent, versus 32 percent for male youth). More than half of young workers are engaged in agriculture, which predominates in rural areas (82 percent, versus 16 percent in urban areas), and the services sector is the most important source of youth employment in cities and towns, accounting for almost 65 percent of employed youth. Female youth are less likely to be employed or in education, and more likely to be inactive (31 percent, against 27 percent for male youth); possibly reflecting the period when child-rearing and domestic responsibilities begin for female youth. The study assessed the impact of the following factors on youth's time use: education level, gender, local labor supply and demand, and place of residence. From the analysis, it was noted that the probability of being employed decreases as the level of human capital increases. In fact, uneducated youth display the highest probability of being employed. 2012-03-19T09:04:31Z 2012-04-04T07:43:54Z 2012-03-19T09:04:31Z 2012-04-04T07:43:54Z 2011 http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000386194_20110817025421 978-0-8213-8811-2 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/5923 English World Bank Working Paper ; No. 217. Africa Human Development Series CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank Publications & Research :: Publication Publications & Research :: Publication Africa West Africa Sub-Saharan Africa Sahel Gambia, The |