Options to Increase Access to Telecommunications Services in Rural and Low-Income Areas
Recent evidence suggests that increasing overall service coverage and promoting access to telecommunications services have a high economic benefit. Overall, it is estimated that a ten percent increase in mobile telephony penetration could increase...
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| Language: | English |
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World Bank
2012
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| Online Access: | http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000333038_20100105000339 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2397 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/5927 |
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okr-10986-5927 |
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oai_dc |
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Digital Repository |
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Foreign Institution |
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Digital Repositories |
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World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
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World Bank |
| language |
English |
| topic |
ACCESS CHARGES ACCESS TO TELECOMMUNICATIONS AFFORDABLE ACCESS ALTERNATIVE ENERGY AUCTION AUCTIONS AUDITS BACKBONE BACKBONE NETWORKS BALANCE SHEET BALANCE SHEETS BARRIER BARRIER TO ENTRY BARRIERS TO ENTRY BASIC BROADBAND BROADBAND CONNECTIONS BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY BROADBAND NETWORK BUSINESS CASE BUSINESS MODEL BUSINESS MODELS CALL CENTER CAPABILITIES CAPACITY BUILDING CAPITAL CITIES CAPITAL EXPENDITURE CAPITAL EXPENDITURES CASH FLOW CELL PHONE CITIES COLLABORATION COLLATERAL COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES COMMUNITIES COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT COMPETITIVE MARKETS COMPETITIVE PRODUCTS COMPETITIVENESS COMPONENTS COMPUTERIZATION CONTENT CREATION CONTENT DEVELOPMENT COPYING COPYRIGHT COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE CENTER COST STRUCTURES COSTS SAVINGS CREATIVE SOLUTIONS CUSTOMS DATA COMMUNICATION DATA SERVICES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DIGITAL DOI DOMAIN ECONOMIES OF SCALE EFFICIENT MARKETS END USER END USERS END-USER EQUIPMENT EQUITY FINANCING EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FINANCIAL RISKS FINANCIAL SUPPORT FORMATTING FREQUENCY BAND FUNCTIONALITY GATEWAYS GENERAL POPULATION GLOBAL MARKETS GOVERNMENT BUDGET GOVERNMENT ENTITIES GOVERNMENT REVENUES GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROWTH STRATEGIES HIGH-SPEED ICT IMPLEMENTATION STAGES INCOME INFORMATICS INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS INNOVATIONS INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK INTANGIBLE INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION INTERNET ACCESS ISPS LIBERALIZATION LICENSE LICENSE FEE LICENSES LICENSING MARKET DOMINANCE MARKET EFFICIENCY MARKET FAILURES MARKET SHARE MATERIAL MEDIA MEDIUM ENTERPRISES MOBILE NETWORK MOBILE NETWORKS MOBILE PHONE MOBILE SERVICE MOBILE SERVICES MOBILE TELEPHONY MOBILE TERMINALS MOBILE USERS MONOPOLIES NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE NETWORK SERVICES NETWORKS NEW TECHNOLOGIES NEXT GENERATION OPEN ACCESS OUTPUT OUTPUTS OUTSOURCING PAPER REQUIREMENTS PARTICULAR COUNTRY PAYPHONES PERSONAL COMPUTER PHONE SERVICES PRIVATE INFRASTRUCTURE PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENTS PRIVATIZATION PRIVATIZATIONS PRODUCTIVITY PROGRAMS PROTOCOL PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION PUBLIC FUNDS PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP PUBLISHING PURCHASING POWER QUALITY OF SERVICE QUALITY OF SERVICES QUERIES RAPID GROWTH REGULATOR REGULATORS REGULATORY AGENCIES REGULATORY AGENCY REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT REGULATORY FRAMEWORK REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS RESULT RESULTS RETAIL SERVICES REVENUE POTENTIAL REVERSE AUCTION REVERSE AUCTIONS RURAL ACCESS RURAL ENTREPRENEURS RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE RURAL OPERATORS RURAL TELECOMMUNICATION RURAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS RURAL TELEPHONES SATELLITE SAVINGS SEARCH SECONDARY MARKET SERVICE DELIVERY SPECTRUM MANAGEMENT SUPERVISION TARGETS TAX TAX CREDITS TAX RATES TELECENTERS TELECOM TELECOM SECTOR TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANIES TELECOMMUNICATIONS TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORK TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS TELECOMMUNICATIONS PROJECTS TELECOMMUNICATIONS REGULATION TELECOMMUNICATIONS SECTOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES TELEDENSITY TELEPHONE TELEPHONE LINES TELEPHONES TELEPHONY SERVICES TRAINING CENTERS TRAINING PROGRAMS TRANSACTION TRANSACTION COSTS TRANSPARENCY TREASURY UNIVERSAL ACCESS UNIVERSAL ACCESS OBJECTIVES UNIVERSAL ACCESS PROGRAMS UNIVERSAL SERVICE UNIVERSAL SERVICE FUNDS UNIVERSAL SERVICE OBLIGATION UNIVERSAL SERVICE OBLIGATIONS USES VOICE OVER INTERNET PROTOCOL VOIP WIRELESS WIRELESS SERVICES |
| spellingShingle |
ACCESS CHARGES ACCESS TO TELECOMMUNICATIONS AFFORDABLE ACCESS ALTERNATIVE ENERGY AUCTION AUCTIONS AUDITS BACKBONE BACKBONE NETWORKS BALANCE SHEET BALANCE SHEETS BARRIER BARRIER TO ENTRY BARRIERS TO ENTRY BASIC BROADBAND BROADBAND CONNECTIONS BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY BROADBAND NETWORK BUSINESS CASE BUSINESS MODEL BUSINESS MODELS CALL CENTER CAPABILITIES CAPACITY BUILDING CAPITAL CITIES CAPITAL EXPENDITURE CAPITAL EXPENDITURES CASH FLOW CELL PHONE CITIES COLLABORATION COLLATERAL COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES COMMUNITIES COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT COMPETITIVE MARKETS COMPETITIVE PRODUCTS COMPETITIVENESS COMPONENTS COMPUTERIZATION CONTENT CREATION CONTENT DEVELOPMENT COPYING COPYRIGHT COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE CENTER COST STRUCTURES COSTS SAVINGS CREATIVE SOLUTIONS CUSTOMS DATA COMMUNICATION DATA SERVICES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DIGITAL DOI DOMAIN ECONOMIES OF SCALE EFFICIENT MARKETS END USER END USERS END-USER EQUIPMENT EQUITY FINANCING EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FINANCIAL RISKS FINANCIAL SUPPORT FORMATTING FREQUENCY BAND FUNCTIONALITY GATEWAYS GENERAL POPULATION GLOBAL MARKETS GOVERNMENT BUDGET GOVERNMENT ENTITIES GOVERNMENT REVENUES GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROWTH STRATEGIES HIGH-SPEED ICT IMPLEMENTATION STAGES INCOME INFORMATICS INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS INNOVATIONS INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK INTANGIBLE INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION INTERNET ACCESS ISPS LIBERALIZATION LICENSE LICENSE FEE LICENSES LICENSING MARKET DOMINANCE MARKET EFFICIENCY MARKET FAILURES MARKET SHARE MATERIAL MEDIA MEDIUM ENTERPRISES MOBILE NETWORK MOBILE NETWORKS MOBILE PHONE MOBILE SERVICE MOBILE SERVICES MOBILE TELEPHONY MOBILE TERMINALS MOBILE USERS MONOPOLIES NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE NETWORK SERVICES NETWORKS NEW TECHNOLOGIES NEXT GENERATION OPEN ACCESS OUTPUT OUTPUTS OUTSOURCING PAPER REQUIREMENTS PARTICULAR COUNTRY PAYPHONES PERSONAL COMPUTER PHONE SERVICES PRIVATE INFRASTRUCTURE PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENTS PRIVATIZATION PRIVATIZATIONS PRODUCTIVITY PROGRAMS PROTOCOL PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION PUBLIC FUNDS PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP PUBLISHING PURCHASING POWER QUALITY OF SERVICE QUALITY OF SERVICES QUERIES RAPID GROWTH REGULATOR REGULATORS REGULATORY AGENCIES REGULATORY AGENCY REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT REGULATORY FRAMEWORK REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS RESULT RESULTS RETAIL SERVICES REVENUE POTENTIAL REVERSE AUCTION REVERSE AUCTIONS RURAL ACCESS RURAL ENTREPRENEURS RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE RURAL OPERATORS RURAL TELECOMMUNICATION RURAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS RURAL TELEPHONES SATELLITE SAVINGS SEARCH SECONDARY MARKET SERVICE DELIVERY SPECTRUM MANAGEMENT SUPERVISION TARGETS TAX TAX CREDITS TAX RATES TELECENTERS TELECOM TELECOM SECTOR TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANIES TELECOMMUNICATIONS TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORK TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS TELECOMMUNICATIONS PROJECTS TELECOMMUNICATIONS REGULATION TELECOMMUNICATIONS SECTOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES TELEDENSITY TELEPHONE TELEPHONE LINES TELEPHONES TELEPHONY SERVICES TRAINING CENTERS TRAINING PROGRAMS TRANSACTION TRANSACTION COSTS TRANSPARENCY TREASURY UNIVERSAL ACCESS UNIVERSAL ACCESS OBJECTIVES UNIVERSAL ACCESS PROGRAMS UNIVERSAL SERVICE UNIVERSAL SERVICE FUNDS UNIVERSAL SERVICE OBLIGATION UNIVERSAL SERVICE OBLIGATIONS USES VOICE OVER INTERNET PROTOCOL VOIP WIRELESS WIRELESS SERVICES Muente-Kunigami, Arturo Navas-Sabater, Juan Options to Increase Access to Telecommunications Services in Rural and Low-Income Areas |
| relation |
World Bank Working Paper ; No. 178 |
| description |
Recent evidence suggests that increasing
overall service coverage and promoting access to
telecommunications services have a high economic benefit.
Overall, it is estimated that a ten percent increase in
mobile telephony penetration could increase economic growth
by 0.81 percent in developing countries, whereas a ten
percent increase in broadband penetration could increase
economic growth by 1.4 percent. In rural and low-income
areas in particular, not only do basic telephony services
and broadband access allow population to connect with
relatives and friends, but they have also introduced a
dramatic increase in productivity and in many cases have
become the only way for small and medium enterprises in
rural areas to access national and, in some cases, global
markets. Moreover, the impact of access to
telecommunications in rural areas on health, education,
disaster management, and local governments has allowed
better and more rapid responses, improved coordination, and
more effective public management. It is therefore worthwhile
to take a second look at all possible policy options, both
conventional mechanisms (some of which underutilized) as
well as new approaches, to determine whether some of them
may be relevant for the emerging agenda of universal
broadband access. This paper will first address the
necessary conditions required to adopt a more ambitious
universal access policy in developing countries. After that,
a brief account of the main relevant trends in the industry
will be made, followed by a description of twelve different
mechanisms for project implementation and six different
mechanisms for funding of universal access strategies. Then,
an evaluation of the mechanisms will be carried out to
identify the most suitable ones. Finally, some
recommendations to policy makers on implementation of the
preferred mechanisms are also drawn from the analysis. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Publication |
| author |
Muente-Kunigami, Arturo Navas-Sabater, Juan |
| author_facet |
Muente-Kunigami, Arturo Navas-Sabater, Juan |
| author_sort |
Muente-Kunigami, Arturo |
| title |
Options to Increase Access to
Telecommunications Services in Rural and Low-Income Areas |
| title_short |
Options to Increase Access to
Telecommunications Services in Rural and Low-Income Areas |
| title_full |
Options to Increase Access to
Telecommunications Services in Rural and Low-Income Areas |
| title_fullStr |
Options to Increase Access to
Telecommunications Services in Rural and Low-Income Areas |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Options to Increase Access to
Telecommunications Services in Rural and Low-Income Areas |
| title_sort |
options to increase access to
telecommunications services in rural and low-income areas |
| publisher |
World Bank |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| url |
http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000333038_20100105000339 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2397 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/5927 |
| _version_ |
1764396802743730176 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-59272021-04-23T14:02:24Z Options to Increase Access to Telecommunications Services in Rural and Low-Income Areas Muente-Kunigami, Arturo Navas-Sabater, Juan ACCESS CHARGES ACCESS TO TELECOMMUNICATIONS AFFORDABLE ACCESS ALTERNATIVE ENERGY AUCTION AUCTIONS AUDITS BACKBONE BACKBONE NETWORKS BALANCE SHEET BALANCE SHEETS BARRIER BARRIER TO ENTRY BARRIERS TO ENTRY BASIC BROADBAND BROADBAND CONNECTIONS BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY BROADBAND NETWORK BUSINESS CASE BUSINESS MODEL BUSINESS MODELS CALL CENTER CAPABILITIES CAPACITY BUILDING CAPITAL CITIES CAPITAL EXPENDITURE CAPITAL EXPENDITURES CASH FLOW CELL PHONE CITIES COLLABORATION COLLATERAL COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES COMMUNITIES COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT COMPETITIVE MARKETS COMPETITIVE PRODUCTS COMPETITIVENESS COMPONENTS COMPUTERIZATION CONTENT CREATION CONTENT DEVELOPMENT COPYING COPYRIGHT COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE CENTER COST STRUCTURES COSTS SAVINGS CREATIVE SOLUTIONS CUSTOMS DATA COMMUNICATION DATA SERVICES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DIGITAL DOI DOMAIN ECONOMIES OF SCALE EFFICIENT MARKETS END USER END USERS END-USER EQUIPMENT EQUITY FINANCING EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FINANCIAL RISKS FINANCIAL SUPPORT FORMATTING FREQUENCY BAND FUNCTIONALITY GATEWAYS GENERAL POPULATION GLOBAL MARKETS GOVERNMENT BUDGET GOVERNMENT ENTITIES GOVERNMENT REVENUES GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROWTH STRATEGIES HIGH-SPEED ICT IMPLEMENTATION STAGES INCOME INFORMATICS INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS INNOVATIONS INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK INTANGIBLE INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION INTERNET ACCESS ISPS LIBERALIZATION LICENSE LICENSE FEE LICENSES LICENSING MARKET DOMINANCE MARKET EFFICIENCY MARKET FAILURES MARKET SHARE MATERIAL MEDIA MEDIUM ENTERPRISES MOBILE NETWORK MOBILE NETWORKS MOBILE PHONE MOBILE SERVICE MOBILE SERVICES MOBILE TELEPHONY MOBILE TERMINALS MOBILE USERS MONOPOLIES NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE NETWORK SERVICES NETWORKS NEW TECHNOLOGIES NEXT GENERATION OPEN ACCESS OUTPUT OUTPUTS OUTSOURCING PAPER REQUIREMENTS PARTICULAR COUNTRY PAYPHONES PERSONAL COMPUTER PHONE SERVICES PRIVATE INFRASTRUCTURE PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENTS PRIVATIZATION PRIVATIZATIONS PRODUCTIVITY PROGRAMS PROTOCOL PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION PUBLIC FUNDS PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP PUBLISHING PURCHASING POWER QUALITY OF SERVICE QUALITY OF SERVICES QUERIES RAPID GROWTH REGULATOR REGULATORS REGULATORY AGENCIES REGULATORY AGENCY REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT REGULATORY FRAMEWORK REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS RESULT RESULTS RETAIL SERVICES REVENUE POTENTIAL REVERSE AUCTION REVERSE AUCTIONS RURAL ACCESS RURAL ENTREPRENEURS RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE RURAL OPERATORS RURAL TELECOMMUNICATION RURAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS RURAL TELEPHONES SATELLITE SAVINGS SEARCH SECONDARY MARKET SERVICE DELIVERY SPECTRUM MANAGEMENT SUPERVISION TARGETS TAX TAX CREDITS TAX RATES TELECENTERS TELECOM TELECOM SECTOR TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANIES TELECOMMUNICATIONS TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORK TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS TELECOMMUNICATIONS PROJECTS TELECOMMUNICATIONS REGULATION TELECOMMUNICATIONS SECTOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES TELEDENSITY TELEPHONE TELEPHONE LINES TELEPHONES TELEPHONY SERVICES TRAINING CENTERS TRAINING PROGRAMS TRANSACTION TRANSACTION COSTS TRANSPARENCY TREASURY UNIVERSAL ACCESS UNIVERSAL ACCESS OBJECTIVES UNIVERSAL ACCESS PROGRAMS UNIVERSAL SERVICE UNIVERSAL SERVICE FUNDS UNIVERSAL SERVICE OBLIGATION UNIVERSAL SERVICE OBLIGATIONS USES VOICE OVER INTERNET PROTOCOL VOIP WIRELESS WIRELESS SERVICES Recent evidence suggests that increasing overall service coverage and promoting access to telecommunications services have a high economic benefit. Overall, it is estimated that a ten percent increase in mobile telephony penetration could increase economic growth by 0.81 percent in developing countries, whereas a ten percent increase in broadband penetration could increase economic growth by 1.4 percent. In rural and low-income areas in particular, not only do basic telephony services and broadband access allow population to connect with relatives and friends, but they have also introduced a dramatic increase in productivity and in many cases have become the only way for small and medium enterprises in rural areas to access national and, in some cases, global markets. Moreover, the impact of access to telecommunications in rural areas on health, education, disaster management, and local governments has allowed better and more rapid responses, improved coordination, and more effective public management. It is therefore worthwhile to take a second look at all possible policy options, both conventional mechanisms (some of which underutilized) as well as new approaches, to determine whether some of them may be relevant for the emerging agenda of universal broadband access. This paper will first address the necessary conditions required to adopt a more ambitious universal access policy in developing countries. After that, a brief account of the main relevant trends in the industry will be made, followed by a description of twelve different mechanisms for project implementation and six different mechanisms for funding of universal access strategies. Then, an evaluation of the mechanisms will be carried out to identify the most suitable ones. Finally, some recommendations to policy makers on implementation of the preferred mechanisms are also drawn from the analysis. 2012-03-19T09:32:32Z 2012-04-04T07:43:55Z 2012-03-19T09:32:32Z 2012-04-04T07:43:55Z 2010 http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000333038_20100105000339 978-0-8213-8140-3 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2397 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/5927 English World Bank Working Paper ; No. 178 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank Publications & Research :: Publication Publications & Research :: Publication |