Geography of Growth : Spatial Economics and Competitiveness

This volume is organized as follows. Chapter one address two questions: how has spatial concentration evolved with growth and development, and what are the efficiency implications of too much or too little spatial concentration? This chapter summar...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Nallari, Raj, Griffith, Breda, Yusuf, Shahid
Format:	Publication
Language:	English
Published:	World Bank 2012
Subjects:	AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES BARRIOS BUSINESS SERVICES CENTRAL BANK CITY POPULATION CITY SERVICES CITY SIZE CLIMATE CHANGE COMMERCIAL PURPOSES COMMUNICATION SERVICES COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY CONCENTRATION OF POPULATION CONNECTIVITY DATA AVAILABILITY DEMOGRAPHIC CONSEQUENCES DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT POLICIES DISSEMINATION E-MAIL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INTEGRATION ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY ECONOMIC POLICIES ECONOMIES OF SCALE EXTERNALITIES EXTREME POVERTY FAVELA FERTILITY FERTILITY RATE FERTILITY RATES FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN EXCHANGE GARBAGE COLLECTION GDP PER CAPITA GLOBAL POPULATION GLOBAL URBAN POPULATION GOVERNMENT POLICIES GREENHOUSE GAS GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HIGH POPULATION GROWTH HOUSING HOUSING ESTATES HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN SETTLEMENT INCOME INEQUALITY INDUSTRIAL AREAS INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATION INDUSTRIAL OUTPUT INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION INDUSTRIALIZATION INFANT INFORMATION SERVICES INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT INHABITANTS INNOVATIVE CITIES INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY INTERNAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL TRADE KNOWLEDGE BASE LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LABOR SUPPLY LAND MARKETS LARGE CITIES LARGE POPULATIONS LEGAL STATUS LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT LIFE EXPECTANCY LIVING STANDARDS LOCAL GOVERNMENTS LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE MEGACITIES METROPOLITAN AREAS METROPOLITAN CITIES MIGRANTS MIGRATION FLOWS MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS NATIONAL LEVEL NATIONAL POLICIES NATIONAL POPULATION PACE OF URBANIZATION POLLUTION POPULATION DENSITIES POPULATION DENSITY POPULATION DIVISION POPULATION MOMENTUM POPULATION PROJECTIONS POPULATION SIZE PPP PRACTITIONERS PROGRESS PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC SERVICE PUBLIC SERVICES PURCHASING POWER PURCHASING POWER PARITY QUALITY OF LIFE R&D RATES OF URBANIZATION RURAL AREAS RURAL POPULATION SAFE WATER SANITATION SATELLITE TECHNOLOGY SEA LEVEL SECONDARY CITIES SETTLEMENT SYSTEMS SEWERAGE SLUM-DWELLERS SLUMS SOCIAL AFFAIRS SOCIAL BENEFITS SOCIAL SERVICES SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION SPATIAL MOBILITY SPILLOVER TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE TOTAL POPULATION TOWNS TRAFFIC CONGESTION TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATE URBAN URBAN AGGLOMERATION URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS URBAN AREA URBAN AREAS URBAN BIAS URBAN CENTER URBAN CENTERS URBAN CONCENTRATION URBAN DEVELOPMENT URBAN DISPARITIES URBAN DIVIDE URBAN DWELLERS URBAN ECONOMICS URBAN ECONOMY URBAN ENVIRONMENT URBAN FRINGE URBAN GROWTH URBAN GROWTH RATES URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE URBAN ISSUES URBAN LABOR URBAN LABOR FORCE URBAN MANAGEMENT URBAN MIGRATION URBAN PLANNERS URBAN POLICY URBAN POPULATION URBAN POPULATION GROWTH URBAN PROBLEMS URBAN SECTOR URBAN SECTORS URBAN SETTLEMENTS URBAN SOCIETIES URBAN SPACE URBAN TRANSFORMATION URBAN TRANSITION URBAN UNEMPLOYMENT URBANIZATION URBANIZATION PROCESS WAR WARS WORKFORCE WORLD POPULATION
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/04/16242944/geography-growth-spatial-economics-competitiveness http://hdl.handle.net/10986/6020

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Summary:	This volume is organized as follows. Chapter one address two questions: how has spatial concentration evolved with growth and development, and what are the efficiency implications of too much or too little spatial concentration? This chapter summarizes the various models that analyze growth by geographic concentration and sets the foundation for concepts discussed in later chapters. Chapter two focuses on urbanization in geographies. Chapter three correlates urban presence with economic density in developed and developing countries. It initially focuses on how urban transition and growth are blurring the rural-urban divide and the unprecedented volume of people who are moving to urban areas. Chapter four discusses how different industries inhabit and impact various urban sectors. Chapter five contextualizes urban growth in the current technological landscape as innovation, particularly in information technology, has become critical to increasing productivity and consequently growth. Chapter six further analyzes urbanization in the current global context, specifically, the impact of globalization and industry clusters on urbanization. Chapter seven addresses a current fundamental global trend: why has urbanization been growing rapidly since the 1950s? Some theories suggest that it is industry that spurs urbanization and consequently growth in infrastructure; however this is not the case. Instead, the chapter concludes by looking at data across regions and cities, the municipalities are pivotal in influencing infrastructure development and growth in urban centers. Finally, chapter eight deciphers why some cities are more successful than others. Why do Karachi and Sao Paulo have the human capital that qualifies them as urban centers but not as thriving cities? By citing examples of successful cities, this chapter provides policy recommendations on how to make a city competitive in today's economy.

Geography of Growth : Spatial Economics and Competitiveness

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