Social Transfers, Labor Supply and Poverty Reduction : The Case of Albania
In 1993, in response to persistent unemployment, and rising poverty and social unrest, the government of Albania introduced an anti-poverty program, namely Ndihma Ekonomike; in 1995 it was extended to all poor households. This paper estimates the s...
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| Format: | Policy Research Working Paper |
| Language: | English |
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Washington, DC: World Bank
2012
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/11/10033308/social-transfers-labor-supply-poverty-reduction-case-albania http://hdl.handle.net/10986/6316 |
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okr-10986-6316 |
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oai_dc |
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Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
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World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
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World Bank |
| language |
English |
| topic |
ACCESS TO CREDIT ACCESS TO EDUCATION ACCESS TO SERVICES ACCOUNTING ADDITIONAL CONTRIBUTION ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS AGE CATEGORIES AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AGRICULTURAL SECTOR APPLICATION PROCESS AVERAGE BENEFIT BASIC NEEDS CALCULATIONS CASH TRANSFERS CHRONIC DISEASE CITIZENS COMMUNITY HEALTH COMMUNITY SERVICES CONTRIBUTION RATE CONTRIBUTIONS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DISABILITY DISABILITY BENEFITS DISABLED DOWNWARD BIAS DRUG ABUSE DRUGS EARNINGS ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT ECONOMIC STATUS EDUCATION LEVELS ELDERLY EMPLOYER EMPLOYERS EMPLOYMENT GENERATION EMPLOYMENT GROWTH EMPLOYMENT OFFICE EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES EMPLOYMENT PROMOTION EMPLOYMENT RATE EMPLOYMENT STATUS EXPENDITURES EXTENDED FAMILIES FAMILIES FAMILY LABOR FARMER FEMALE LABOR FEMALE WORKERS FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE FINANCIAL SITUATION FOOD SECURITY GENDER GENDER DISPARITIES HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD HEALTH SERVICES HOME VISITS HOSPITAL HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD POVERTY HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HOUSEHOLD WORK HOUSEHOLDS HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT ILLNESS IMMOVABLE PROPERTIES INCIDENCE OF POVERTY INCOME SOURCES INCOME SUPPORT INCOME SUPPORT PROGRAM INCOME SUPPORT PROGRAMS INCOME TAX INCOME TAX CREDIT INCOMES INEQUALITY INFLATION INFORMAL SECTOR INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL BANK INVESTMENT SCHEMES JOB CREATION JOB SEARCH JOB TENURE JOB TRAINING JOBS LABOR DEMAND LABOR ECONOMICS LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET ASSESSMENT LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES LABOR MARKETS LABOR OFFICE LABOR SUPPLY LAID-OFF WORKERS LAND REGISTRATION LEVEL OF CONTRIBUTIONS LEVELS OF RISK LIVING CONDITIONS LIVING STANDARDS LOCAL AUTHORITIES LONG-TERM UNEMPLOYMENT LOW INCOME MARRIED COUPLES MATERNITY BENEFITS MEDICAL TREATMENT MINIMUM PENSION MINIMUM WAGE MINIMUM WAGES NEW JOBS OCCUPATIONS OLD AGE OLD-AGE PAYING JOB PENSION PENSION CONTRIBUTION PENSION FUND PENSION INCOME PENSION RIGHTS PENSION TRANSFER PENSION TRANSFERS PENSIONER PENSIONERS PENSIONS PERMANENT JOB PERSISTENT UNEMPLOYMENT POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POOR HOUSEHOLDS POVERTY LEVELS POVERTY RATE POVERTY REDUCTION PRICE CONTROLS PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIVATE PROPERTY PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTOR WORKERS PRIVATIZATION PROBABILITIES PROBABILITY PROBIT REGRESSION PROBIT REGRESSIONS PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PROGRAM ADMINISTRATORS PROGRAM ASSIGNMENT PROGRAM BENEFICIARIES PROGRAM COST PROGRESS PROPERTY OWNERSHIP PUBLIC ECONOMICS PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PUBLIC POLICY PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT PUBLIC SERVICES QUESTIONNAIRE RECEIPT RECEIPTS RESPECT RETIREMENT RETIREMENT AGE RURAL AREAS RURAL LABOR RURAL WORKERS SAFETY SALARIES SALARY SALE SCHOOL STUDENTS SECONDARY SCHOOL SELF-EMPLOYMENT SELF-RELIANCE SINGLE MOTHERS SOCIAL AFFAIRS SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL INSURANCE SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SERVICE SOCIAL SERVICES SOCIAL UNREST SOURCES OF INCOME STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES TOTAL EMPLOYMENT TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TRAINING COURSES TRAINING PROGRAM UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED INDIVIDUALS UNEMPLOYED JOB SEEKERS UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFIT UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATES UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCE URBAN AREAS URBAN WOMEN VOCATIONAL TRAINING WAGE DISTRIBUTION WAGE EMPLOYMENT WAR WELFARE PROGRAMS WELFARE RECIPIENTS WELFARE REFORM WORKER WORKING AGE WORKING-AGE POPULATION YEARS OF SERVICE |
| spellingShingle |
ACCESS TO CREDIT ACCESS TO EDUCATION ACCESS TO SERVICES ACCOUNTING ADDITIONAL CONTRIBUTION ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS AGE CATEGORIES AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AGRICULTURAL SECTOR APPLICATION PROCESS AVERAGE BENEFIT BASIC NEEDS CALCULATIONS CASH TRANSFERS CHRONIC DISEASE CITIZENS COMMUNITY HEALTH COMMUNITY SERVICES CONTRIBUTION RATE CONTRIBUTIONS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DISABILITY DISABILITY BENEFITS DISABLED DOWNWARD BIAS DRUG ABUSE DRUGS EARNINGS ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT ECONOMIC STATUS EDUCATION LEVELS ELDERLY EMPLOYER EMPLOYERS EMPLOYMENT GENERATION EMPLOYMENT GROWTH EMPLOYMENT OFFICE EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES EMPLOYMENT PROMOTION EMPLOYMENT RATE EMPLOYMENT STATUS EXPENDITURES EXTENDED FAMILIES FAMILIES FAMILY LABOR FARMER FEMALE LABOR FEMALE WORKERS FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE FINANCIAL SITUATION FOOD SECURITY GENDER GENDER DISPARITIES HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD HEALTH SERVICES HOME VISITS HOSPITAL HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD POVERTY HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HOUSEHOLD WORK HOUSEHOLDS HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT ILLNESS IMMOVABLE PROPERTIES INCIDENCE OF POVERTY INCOME SOURCES INCOME SUPPORT INCOME SUPPORT PROGRAM INCOME SUPPORT PROGRAMS INCOME TAX INCOME TAX CREDIT INCOMES INEQUALITY INFLATION INFORMAL SECTOR INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL BANK INVESTMENT SCHEMES JOB CREATION JOB SEARCH JOB TENURE JOB TRAINING JOBS LABOR DEMAND LABOR ECONOMICS LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET ASSESSMENT LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES LABOR MARKETS LABOR OFFICE LABOR SUPPLY LAID-OFF WORKERS LAND REGISTRATION LEVEL OF CONTRIBUTIONS LEVELS OF RISK LIVING CONDITIONS LIVING STANDARDS LOCAL AUTHORITIES LONG-TERM UNEMPLOYMENT LOW INCOME MARRIED COUPLES MATERNITY BENEFITS MEDICAL TREATMENT MINIMUM PENSION MINIMUM WAGE MINIMUM WAGES NEW JOBS OCCUPATIONS OLD AGE OLD-AGE PAYING JOB PENSION PENSION CONTRIBUTION PENSION FUND PENSION INCOME PENSION RIGHTS PENSION TRANSFER PENSION TRANSFERS PENSIONER PENSIONERS PENSIONS PERMANENT JOB PERSISTENT UNEMPLOYMENT POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POOR HOUSEHOLDS POVERTY LEVELS POVERTY RATE POVERTY REDUCTION PRICE CONTROLS PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIVATE PROPERTY PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTOR WORKERS PRIVATIZATION PROBABILITIES PROBABILITY PROBIT REGRESSION PROBIT REGRESSIONS PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PROGRAM ADMINISTRATORS PROGRAM ASSIGNMENT PROGRAM BENEFICIARIES PROGRAM COST PROGRESS PROPERTY OWNERSHIP PUBLIC ECONOMICS PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PUBLIC POLICY PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT PUBLIC SERVICES QUESTIONNAIRE RECEIPT RECEIPTS RESPECT RETIREMENT RETIREMENT AGE RURAL AREAS RURAL LABOR RURAL WORKERS SAFETY SALARIES SALARY SALE SCHOOL STUDENTS SECONDARY SCHOOL SELF-EMPLOYMENT SELF-RELIANCE SINGLE MOTHERS SOCIAL AFFAIRS SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL INSURANCE SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SERVICE SOCIAL SERVICES SOCIAL UNREST SOURCES OF INCOME STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES TOTAL EMPLOYMENT TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TRAINING COURSES TRAINING PROGRAM UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED INDIVIDUALS UNEMPLOYED JOB SEEKERS UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFIT UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATES UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCE URBAN AREAS URBAN WOMEN VOCATIONAL TRAINING WAGE DISTRIBUTION WAGE EMPLOYMENT WAR WELFARE PROGRAMS WELFARE RECIPIENTS WELFARE REFORM WORKER WORKING AGE WORKING-AGE POPULATION YEARS OF SERVICE Dabalen, Andrew Kilic, Talip Wane, Waly Social Transfers, Labor Supply and Poverty Reduction : The Case of Albania |
| geographic_facet |
Europe and Central Asia Albania |
| relation |
Policy Research Working Paper; No. 4783 |
| description |
In 1993, in response to persistent
unemployment, and rising poverty and social unrest, the
government of Albania introduced an anti-poverty program,
namely Ndihma Ekonomike; in 1995 it was extended to all poor
households. This paper estimates the separate effects of
participation in this income support program and the old-age
pension program on objective and subjective measures of
household poverty. The analysis uses the nationally
representative Albanian Living Standards Measurement Surveys
carried out in 2002 and 2005. Using propensity score
matching methods, the paper finds that Ndihma Ekonomike
households, particularly urban residents, have lower per
capita consumption and are more likely to be discontented
with their lives, financial situation, and consumption
levels than their matched comparators. In contrast,
households receiving pensions are not significantly
different from their matched comparators in reference to the
same set of outcomes. The paper finds that the negative
impact of Ndihma Ekonomike participation on welfare is
driven by a negative labor supply response among
work-eligible individuals. This negative labor response is
larger among women and urban residents. In contrast to
Ndihma Ekonomike, the receipt of old-age pension income
transfers does not significantly impact the labor supply of
prime-age individuals living in pension households |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper |
| author |
Dabalen, Andrew Kilic, Talip Wane, Waly |
| author_facet |
Dabalen, Andrew Kilic, Talip Wane, Waly |
| author_sort |
Dabalen, Andrew |
| title |
Social Transfers, Labor Supply and Poverty Reduction : The Case of Albania |
| title_short |
Social Transfers, Labor Supply and Poverty Reduction : The Case of Albania |
| title_full |
Social Transfers, Labor Supply and Poverty Reduction : The Case of Albania |
| title_fullStr |
Social Transfers, Labor Supply and Poverty Reduction : The Case of Albania |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Social Transfers, Labor Supply and Poverty Reduction : The Case of Albania |
| title_sort |
social transfers, labor supply and poverty reduction : the case of albania |
| publisher |
Washington, DC: World Bank |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/11/10033308/social-transfers-labor-supply-poverty-reduction-case-albania http://hdl.handle.net/10986/6316 |
| _version_ |
1764399855452553216 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-63162021-04-23T14:02:30Z Social Transfers, Labor Supply and Poverty Reduction : The Case of Albania Dabalen, Andrew Kilic, Talip Wane, Waly ACCESS TO CREDIT ACCESS TO EDUCATION ACCESS TO SERVICES ACCOUNTING ADDITIONAL CONTRIBUTION ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS AGE CATEGORIES AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AGRICULTURAL SECTOR APPLICATION PROCESS AVERAGE BENEFIT BASIC NEEDS CALCULATIONS CASH TRANSFERS CHRONIC DISEASE CITIZENS COMMUNITY HEALTH COMMUNITY SERVICES CONTRIBUTION RATE CONTRIBUTIONS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DISABILITY DISABILITY BENEFITS DISABLED DOWNWARD BIAS DRUG ABUSE DRUGS EARNINGS ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT ECONOMIC STATUS EDUCATION LEVELS ELDERLY EMPLOYER EMPLOYERS EMPLOYMENT GENERATION EMPLOYMENT GROWTH EMPLOYMENT OFFICE EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES EMPLOYMENT PROMOTION EMPLOYMENT RATE EMPLOYMENT STATUS EXPENDITURES EXTENDED FAMILIES FAMILIES FAMILY LABOR FARMER FEMALE LABOR FEMALE WORKERS FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE FINANCIAL SITUATION FOOD SECURITY GENDER GENDER DISPARITIES HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD HEALTH SERVICES HOME VISITS HOSPITAL HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD POVERTY HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HOUSEHOLD WORK HOUSEHOLDS HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT ILLNESS IMMOVABLE PROPERTIES INCIDENCE OF POVERTY INCOME SOURCES INCOME SUPPORT INCOME SUPPORT PROGRAM INCOME SUPPORT PROGRAMS INCOME TAX INCOME TAX CREDIT INCOMES INEQUALITY INFLATION INFORMAL SECTOR INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL BANK INVESTMENT SCHEMES JOB CREATION JOB SEARCH JOB TENURE JOB TRAINING JOBS LABOR DEMAND LABOR ECONOMICS LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET ASSESSMENT LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES LABOR MARKETS LABOR OFFICE LABOR SUPPLY LAID-OFF WORKERS LAND REGISTRATION LEVEL OF CONTRIBUTIONS LEVELS OF RISK LIVING CONDITIONS LIVING STANDARDS LOCAL AUTHORITIES LONG-TERM UNEMPLOYMENT LOW INCOME MARRIED COUPLES MATERNITY BENEFITS MEDICAL TREATMENT MINIMUM PENSION MINIMUM WAGE MINIMUM WAGES NEW JOBS OCCUPATIONS OLD AGE OLD-AGE PAYING JOB PENSION PENSION CONTRIBUTION PENSION FUND PENSION INCOME PENSION RIGHTS PENSION TRANSFER PENSION TRANSFERS PENSIONER PENSIONERS PENSIONS PERMANENT JOB PERSISTENT UNEMPLOYMENT POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POOR HOUSEHOLDS POVERTY LEVELS POVERTY RATE POVERTY REDUCTION PRICE CONTROLS PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIVATE PROPERTY PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTOR WORKERS PRIVATIZATION PROBABILITIES PROBABILITY PROBIT REGRESSION PROBIT REGRESSIONS PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PROGRAM ADMINISTRATORS PROGRAM ASSIGNMENT PROGRAM BENEFICIARIES PROGRAM COST PROGRESS PROPERTY OWNERSHIP PUBLIC ECONOMICS PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PUBLIC POLICY PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT PUBLIC SERVICES QUESTIONNAIRE RECEIPT RECEIPTS RESPECT RETIREMENT RETIREMENT AGE RURAL AREAS RURAL LABOR RURAL WORKERS SAFETY SALARIES SALARY SALE SCHOOL STUDENTS SECONDARY SCHOOL SELF-EMPLOYMENT SELF-RELIANCE SINGLE MOTHERS SOCIAL AFFAIRS SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL INSURANCE SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SERVICE SOCIAL SERVICES SOCIAL UNREST SOURCES OF INCOME STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES TOTAL EMPLOYMENT TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TRAINING COURSES TRAINING PROGRAM UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED INDIVIDUALS UNEMPLOYED JOB SEEKERS UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFIT UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATES UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCE URBAN AREAS URBAN WOMEN VOCATIONAL TRAINING WAGE DISTRIBUTION WAGE EMPLOYMENT WAR WELFARE PROGRAMS WELFARE RECIPIENTS WELFARE REFORM WORKER WORKING AGE WORKING-AGE POPULATION YEARS OF SERVICE In 1993, in response to persistent unemployment, and rising poverty and social unrest, the government of Albania introduced an anti-poverty program, namely Ndihma Ekonomike; in 1995 it was extended to all poor households. This paper estimates the separate effects of participation in this income support program and the old-age pension program on objective and subjective measures of household poverty. The analysis uses the nationally representative Albanian Living Standards Measurement Surveys carried out in 2002 and 2005. Using propensity score matching methods, the paper finds that Ndihma Ekonomike households, particularly urban residents, have lower per capita consumption and are more likely to be discontented with their lives, financial situation, and consumption levels than their matched comparators. In contrast, households receiving pensions are not significantly different from their matched comparators in reference to the same set of outcomes. The paper finds that the negative impact of Ndihma Ekonomike participation on welfare is driven by a negative labor supply response among work-eligible individuals. This negative labor response is larger among women and urban residents. In contrast to Ndihma Ekonomike, the receipt of old-age pension income transfers does not significantly impact the labor supply of prime-age individuals living in pension households 2012-05-22T19:21:44Z 2012-05-22T19:21:44Z 2008-11 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/11/10033308/social-transfers-labor-supply-poverty-reduction-case-albania http://hdl.handle.net/10986/6316 English Policy Research Working Paper; No. 4783 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank Washington, DC: World Bank Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research Europe and Central Asia Albania |