Foreign Professionals and Domestic Regulation
Changes in demographics and patterns of investment in human capital are creating increased scope for international trade in professional services. The scope for mutually beneficial trade is, however, inhibited not only by quotas and discriminatory...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Policy Research Working Paper |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
World Bank, Washington, DC
2012
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/11/10033207/foreign-professionals-domestic-regulation http://hdl.handle.net/10986/6352 |
| id |
okr-10986-6352 |
|---|---|
| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English |
| topic |
ACCREDITATION ARCHITECT ARCHITECTS ARCHITECTURE BARRIERS TO ENTRY BOARD MEETING CANDIDATE CANDIDATES CAREER CAREER ADVANCEMENT CERTIFICATE CERTIFICATION CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS CHOICE QUESTIONS COLLEGES COMMERCIAL PRESENCE COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE CONSUMER INTERESTS CONSUMER PROTECTION COOPERATION AGREEMENT COST OF EDUCATION COURSE WORK CREDIT HOURS CRITICAL THINKING DE FACTO DISCRIMINATION DEGREE PROGRAMS DELAWARE DESCRIPTION DISCIPLINES DOMESTIC MARKET DOMESTIC REFORM DOMESTIC REGULATION DOMESTIC REGULATIONS EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS EMPLOYMENT ENGINEER ENGINEERS EXAM EXAMINATION CENTERS EXAMINATION FEES EXAMINATION COSTS EXAMINATIONS EXPORT MARKETS FOREIGN CAPITAL FOREIGN ENTRY FOREIGN FIRMS FOREIGN PROFESSIONALS FOREIGN PROVIDERS FOREIGN RECOGNITION FOREIGN SERVICE PROVIDERS FOREIGN SERVICES FOREIGN STUDENTS FOREIGN SUPPLIERS FUTURE RESEARCH GATS GLOBAL MARKET GRADUATE DEGREES HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM HIGHER LEARNING HOSPITALS HUMAN CAPITAL INCENTIVE PROBLEM INCORPORATED INCREASED COMPETITION INDIVIDUALS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN SERVICES LABOR MARKET LABOR MOBILITY LICENSING PROCESS LIMITED LOCAL CONSUMERS MANAGERS MARKET ACCESS MEDICAL EDUCATION MEDICAL SCHOOL MEDICAL SCHOOLS MEDICAL SERVICES MEMBER BOARD MEMBER BOARDS MFN MONOPOLY MOVEMENT OF NATURAL PERSONS MULTILATERAL APPROACH MULTILATERAL TRADING SYSTEM MULTIPLE-CHOICE MUTUAL RECOGNITION NATIONAL ASSOCIATION NATIONAL TREATMENT NATIONAL TREATMENT OBLIGATION NATIVES NATURAL SCIENCES NON-DISCRIMINATORY MEASURES NUMBER OF CANDIDATES OCCUPATION PAPERS POST-SECONDARY EDUCATION POSTGRADUATE TRAINING PRACTICAL TRAINING PREFERENTIAL LIBERALIZATION PRESENCE OF NATURAL PERSONS PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS PROFESSIONAL DEGREE PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS PROFESSIONAL SERVICES QUALIFICATION REQUIREMENTS QUALITY OF EDUCATION QUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS RECOGNITION AGREEMENTS REGIONAL INTEGRATION AGREEMENTS REGULATORY BARRIERS REGULATORY BURDEN REGULATORY OBLIGATION REGULATORY REFORM REGULATORY REGIMES RENTS RESIDENCY SCORES SERVICE PROVIDER SERVICE SUPPLIER SERVICE SUPPLIERS SERVICES PROVIDERS SERVICES TRADE SKILLED PROFESSIONALS SOCIETIES SOCIETY SPONSOR SPONSORS SPONSORSHIP STATE UNIVERSITIES TARIFF REVENUE TEACHER TECHNICAL EDUCATION TRADE AGREEMENTS TRADING PARTNERS TRAFFIC TUITION TUITION FEES UNDERGRADUATES UNION UNIVERSITIES UNIVERSITY PROGRAMS URBAN AREA WORKERS WTO |
| spellingShingle |
ACCREDITATION ARCHITECT ARCHITECTS ARCHITECTURE BARRIERS TO ENTRY BOARD MEETING CANDIDATE CANDIDATES CAREER CAREER ADVANCEMENT CERTIFICATE CERTIFICATION CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS CHOICE QUESTIONS COLLEGES COMMERCIAL PRESENCE COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE CONSUMER INTERESTS CONSUMER PROTECTION COOPERATION AGREEMENT COST OF EDUCATION COURSE WORK CREDIT HOURS CRITICAL THINKING DE FACTO DISCRIMINATION DEGREE PROGRAMS DELAWARE DESCRIPTION DISCIPLINES DOMESTIC MARKET DOMESTIC REFORM DOMESTIC REGULATION DOMESTIC REGULATIONS EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS EMPLOYMENT ENGINEER ENGINEERS EXAM EXAMINATION CENTERS EXAMINATION FEES EXAMINATION COSTS EXAMINATIONS EXPORT MARKETS FOREIGN CAPITAL FOREIGN ENTRY FOREIGN FIRMS FOREIGN PROFESSIONALS FOREIGN PROVIDERS FOREIGN RECOGNITION FOREIGN SERVICE PROVIDERS FOREIGN SERVICES FOREIGN STUDENTS FOREIGN SUPPLIERS FUTURE RESEARCH GATS GLOBAL MARKET GRADUATE DEGREES HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM HIGHER LEARNING HOSPITALS HUMAN CAPITAL INCENTIVE PROBLEM INCORPORATED INCREASED COMPETITION INDIVIDUALS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN SERVICES LABOR MARKET LABOR MOBILITY LICENSING PROCESS LIMITED LOCAL CONSUMERS MANAGERS MARKET ACCESS MEDICAL EDUCATION MEDICAL SCHOOL MEDICAL SCHOOLS MEDICAL SERVICES MEMBER BOARD MEMBER BOARDS MFN MONOPOLY MOVEMENT OF NATURAL PERSONS MULTILATERAL APPROACH MULTILATERAL TRADING SYSTEM MULTIPLE-CHOICE MUTUAL RECOGNITION NATIONAL ASSOCIATION NATIONAL TREATMENT NATIONAL TREATMENT OBLIGATION NATIVES NATURAL SCIENCES NON-DISCRIMINATORY MEASURES NUMBER OF CANDIDATES OCCUPATION PAPERS POST-SECONDARY EDUCATION POSTGRADUATE TRAINING PRACTICAL TRAINING PREFERENTIAL LIBERALIZATION PRESENCE OF NATURAL PERSONS PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS PROFESSIONAL DEGREE PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS PROFESSIONAL SERVICES QUALIFICATION REQUIREMENTS QUALITY OF EDUCATION QUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS RECOGNITION AGREEMENTS REGIONAL INTEGRATION AGREEMENTS REGULATORY BARRIERS REGULATORY BURDEN REGULATORY OBLIGATION REGULATORY REFORM REGULATORY REGIMES RENTS RESIDENCY SCORES SERVICE PROVIDER SERVICE SUPPLIER SERVICE SUPPLIERS SERVICES PROVIDERS SERVICES TRADE SKILLED PROFESSIONALS SOCIETIES SOCIETY SPONSOR SPONSORS SPONSORSHIP STATE UNIVERSITIES TARIFF REVENUE TEACHER TECHNICAL EDUCATION TRADE AGREEMENTS TRADING PARTNERS TRAFFIC TUITION TUITION FEES UNDERGRADUATES UNION UNIVERSITIES UNIVERSITY PROGRAMS URBAN AREA WORKERS WTO Mattoo, Aaditya Mishra, Deepak Foreign Professionals and Domestic Regulation |
| relation |
Policy Research Working Paper; No. 4782 |
| description |
Changes in demographics and patterns of
investment in human capital are creating increased scope for
international trade in professional services. The scope for
mutually beneficial trade is, however, inhibited not only by
quotas and discriminatory taxation, but also by domestic
regulation - including a range of qualification and
licensing requirements and procedures. To illustrate the
nature and implications of these regulatory impediments,
this paper presents a detailed description of the regulatory
requirements faced in the United States market by four types
of Indian professionals: doctors, engineers, architects,
and accountants. India is one of the largest exporters of
skilled services, and the United States is one of the
largest importers of skilled services, so these two
countries reflect broader global trends. The paper argues
that regulatory discrimination, for example through
preferential recognition agreements, has implications both
for the pattern of trade and for welfare. It presents some
illustrative estimates that suggest the economic cost of
regulations may be substantial. The paper concludes by
examining how the trade-inhibiting impact of regulatory
requirements could be addressed through bilateral and
multilateral negotiations. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper |
| author |
Mattoo, Aaditya Mishra, Deepak |
| author_facet |
Mattoo, Aaditya Mishra, Deepak |
| author_sort |
Mattoo, Aaditya |
| title |
Foreign Professionals and Domestic Regulation |
| title_short |
Foreign Professionals and Domestic Regulation |
| title_full |
Foreign Professionals and Domestic Regulation |
| title_fullStr |
Foreign Professionals and Domestic Regulation |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Foreign Professionals and Domestic Regulation |
| title_sort |
foreign professionals and domestic regulation |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/11/10033207/foreign-professionals-domestic-regulation http://hdl.handle.net/10986/6352 |
| _version_ |
1764399934564466688 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-63522021-04-23T14:02:30Z Foreign Professionals and Domestic Regulation Mattoo, Aaditya Mishra, Deepak ACCREDITATION ARCHITECT ARCHITECTS ARCHITECTURE BARRIERS TO ENTRY BOARD MEETING CANDIDATE CANDIDATES CAREER CAREER ADVANCEMENT CERTIFICATE CERTIFICATION CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS CHOICE QUESTIONS COLLEGES COMMERCIAL PRESENCE COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE CONSUMER INTERESTS CONSUMER PROTECTION COOPERATION AGREEMENT COST OF EDUCATION COURSE WORK CREDIT HOURS CRITICAL THINKING DE FACTO DISCRIMINATION DEGREE PROGRAMS DELAWARE DESCRIPTION DISCIPLINES DOMESTIC MARKET DOMESTIC REFORM DOMESTIC REGULATION DOMESTIC REGULATIONS EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS EMPLOYMENT ENGINEER ENGINEERS EXAM EXAMINATION CENTERS EXAMINATION FEES EXAMINATION COSTS EXAMINATIONS EXPORT MARKETS FOREIGN CAPITAL FOREIGN ENTRY FOREIGN FIRMS FOREIGN PROFESSIONALS FOREIGN PROVIDERS FOREIGN RECOGNITION FOREIGN SERVICE PROVIDERS FOREIGN SERVICES FOREIGN STUDENTS FOREIGN SUPPLIERS FUTURE RESEARCH GATS GLOBAL MARKET GRADUATE DEGREES HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM HIGHER LEARNING HOSPITALS HUMAN CAPITAL INCENTIVE PROBLEM INCORPORATED INCREASED COMPETITION INDIVIDUALS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN SERVICES LABOR MARKET LABOR MOBILITY LICENSING PROCESS LIMITED LOCAL CONSUMERS MANAGERS MARKET ACCESS MEDICAL EDUCATION MEDICAL SCHOOL MEDICAL SCHOOLS MEDICAL SERVICES MEMBER BOARD MEMBER BOARDS MFN MONOPOLY MOVEMENT OF NATURAL PERSONS MULTILATERAL APPROACH MULTILATERAL TRADING SYSTEM MULTIPLE-CHOICE MUTUAL RECOGNITION NATIONAL ASSOCIATION NATIONAL TREATMENT NATIONAL TREATMENT OBLIGATION NATIVES NATURAL SCIENCES NON-DISCRIMINATORY MEASURES NUMBER OF CANDIDATES OCCUPATION PAPERS POST-SECONDARY EDUCATION POSTGRADUATE TRAINING PRACTICAL TRAINING PREFERENTIAL LIBERALIZATION PRESENCE OF NATURAL PERSONS PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS PROFESSIONAL DEGREE PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS PROFESSIONAL SERVICES QUALIFICATION REQUIREMENTS QUALITY OF EDUCATION QUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS RECOGNITION AGREEMENTS REGIONAL INTEGRATION AGREEMENTS REGULATORY BARRIERS REGULATORY BURDEN REGULATORY OBLIGATION REGULATORY REFORM REGULATORY REGIMES RENTS RESIDENCY SCORES SERVICE PROVIDER SERVICE SUPPLIER SERVICE SUPPLIERS SERVICES PROVIDERS SERVICES TRADE SKILLED PROFESSIONALS SOCIETIES SOCIETY SPONSOR SPONSORS SPONSORSHIP STATE UNIVERSITIES TARIFF REVENUE TEACHER TECHNICAL EDUCATION TRADE AGREEMENTS TRADING PARTNERS TRAFFIC TUITION TUITION FEES UNDERGRADUATES UNION UNIVERSITIES UNIVERSITY PROGRAMS URBAN AREA WORKERS WTO Changes in demographics and patterns of investment in human capital are creating increased scope for international trade in professional services. The scope for mutually beneficial trade is, however, inhibited not only by quotas and discriminatory taxation, but also by domestic regulation - including a range of qualification and licensing requirements and procedures. To illustrate the nature and implications of these regulatory impediments, this paper presents a detailed description of the regulatory requirements faced in the United States market by four types of Indian professionals: doctors, engineers, architects, and accountants. India is one of the largest exporters of skilled services, and the United States is one of the largest importers of skilled services, so these two countries reflect broader global trends. The paper argues that regulatory discrimination, for example through preferential recognition agreements, has implications both for the pattern of trade and for welfare. It presents some illustrative estimates that suggest the economic cost of regulations may be substantial. The paper concludes by examining how the trade-inhibiting impact of regulatory requirements could be addressed through bilateral and multilateral negotiations. 2012-05-24T15:32:30Z 2012-05-24T15:32:30Z 2008-11 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/11/10033207/foreign-professionals-domestic-regulation http://hdl.handle.net/10986/6352 English Policy Research Working Paper; No. 4782 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research |