Oil and the Propensity to Armed Struggle in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria
This paper attempts to explain the determinants of the propensity to armed struggle and the probability of participation by individuals in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria using primary (micro) data. While grievance appears to be pervasive among i...
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| Format: | Policy Research Working Paper |
| Language: | English |
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2012
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2007/04/7523849/oil-propensity-armed-struggle-niger-delta-region-nigeria http://hdl.handle.net/10986/7002 |
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okr-10986-70022021-04-23T14:02:33Z Oil and the Propensity to Armed Struggle in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria Oyefusi, Aderoju ACCESS TO EDUCATION ACCESS TO EMPLOYMENT CITIZEN CITIZENS CIVIL CONFLICT CIVIL WAR CIVIL WARS COLLECTIVE COLLECTIVE ACTION COLLECTIVE ACTION PROBLEM COMMUNITIES COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY LEADERS COMMUNITY MEMBERS CONFLICT PREVENTION CONFLICT RISK CONFLICTS CORPORATION COST OF REBELLION COUNTER-INSURGENCY CRIMINAL ACTIVITY DELTA DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC DOMINANT ETHNIC GROUP DRUGS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC MODEL OF CRIME ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES ECONOMIC POLICIES EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE ETHNIC GROUPS EXTORTION FOREGONE INCOME FORMAL EDUCATION GOVERNMENT REPRESSION GREED-GRIEVANCE HIGH RISK HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN RIGHTS IDEAS IMMIGRATION INDIVIDUALS INTENSITY OF CONFLICT INVESTIGATION LABOR MARKET LARGE POPULATION LIMITED LOCAL CONTROL LOOT-SEEKING REBELLION MILITARY PRESENCE MINORITY MONOPOLY NATURAL GAS NATURAL RESOURCE NATURAL RESOURCES NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS NUMBER OF PERSONS OPPORTUNITY COST OPPORTUNITY FOR REBELLION PEACE POLICY MAKERS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POLITICAL PARTICIPATION POLITICAL POWER POLITICAL RIGHTS POLITICAL VIOLENCE POST-CONFLICT PRIMARY EDUCATION PROBABILITY OF VICTORY PROGRESS PUBLIC PERCEPTIONS REBEL ARMY REBEL FORCE REBEL FORCES REBEL GROUP REBEL GROUPS REBEL LEADER REBEL ORGANIZATION REBELLION RELIGIOUS DIVISIONS RELIGIOUS IDENTITY RISK OF REBELLION SECONDARY EDUCATION SOCIAL CAPITAL SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE SOCIAL NETWORKS SOCIAL SERVICES SOCIETIES SOCIETY TERTIARY EDUCATION TRANSPORTATION UNEMPLOYMENT VIOLENT CONFLICT VOCATIONAL TRAINING This paper attempts to explain the determinants of the propensity to armed struggle and the probability of participation by individuals in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria using primary (micro) data. While grievance appears to be pervasive among individuals and communities in the region and can be systematically explained, neither the grievance level nor its commonly cited causal factors appear to be strong enough to create a disposition toward armed rebellion. Rather, factors that reduce the opportunity cost and risk of participation or increase the perceived benefits appear to be more important. The study identifies three of these factors that are amenable to the policymaker's (government's) control as income level, educational attainment, and government presence. 2012-06-04T17:22:19Z 2012-06-04T17:22:19Z 2007-04 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2007/04/7523849/oil-propensity-armed-struggle-niger-delta-region-nigeria http://hdl.handle.net/10986/7002 English Policy Research Working Paper; No. 4194 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research Africa Nigeria |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English |
| topic |
ACCESS TO EDUCATION ACCESS TO EMPLOYMENT CITIZEN CITIZENS CIVIL CONFLICT CIVIL WAR CIVIL WARS COLLECTIVE COLLECTIVE ACTION COLLECTIVE ACTION PROBLEM COMMUNITIES COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY LEADERS COMMUNITY MEMBERS CONFLICT PREVENTION CONFLICT RISK CONFLICTS CORPORATION COST OF REBELLION COUNTER-INSURGENCY CRIMINAL ACTIVITY DELTA DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC DOMINANT ETHNIC GROUP DRUGS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC MODEL OF CRIME ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES ECONOMIC POLICIES EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE ETHNIC GROUPS EXTORTION FOREGONE INCOME FORMAL EDUCATION GOVERNMENT REPRESSION GREED-GRIEVANCE HIGH RISK HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN RIGHTS IDEAS IMMIGRATION INDIVIDUALS INTENSITY OF CONFLICT INVESTIGATION LABOR MARKET LARGE POPULATION LIMITED LOCAL CONTROL LOOT-SEEKING REBELLION MILITARY PRESENCE MINORITY MONOPOLY NATURAL GAS NATURAL RESOURCE NATURAL RESOURCES NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS NUMBER OF PERSONS OPPORTUNITY COST OPPORTUNITY FOR REBELLION PEACE POLICY MAKERS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POLITICAL PARTICIPATION POLITICAL POWER POLITICAL RIGHTS POLITICAL VIOLENCE POST-CONFLICT PRIMARY EDUCATION PROBABILITY OF VICTORY PROGRESS PUBLIC PERCEPTIONS REBEL ARMY REBEL FORCE REBEL FORCES REBEL GROUP REBEL GROUPS REBEL LEADER REBEL ORGANIZATION REBELLION RELIGIOUS DIVISIONS RELIGIOUS IDENTITY RISK OF REBELLION SECONDARY EDUCATION SOCIAL CAPITAL SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE SOCIAL NETWORKS SOCIAL SERVICES SOCIETIES SOCIETY TERTIARY EDUCATION TRANSPORTATION UNEMPLOYMENT VIOLENT CONFLICT VOCATIONAL TRAINING |
| spellingShingle |
ACCESS TO EDUCATION ACCESS TO EMPLOYMENT CITIZEN CITIZENS CIVIL CONFLICT CIVIL WAR CIVIL WARS COLLECTIVE COLLECTIVE ACTION COLLECTIVE ACTION PROBLEM COMMUNITIES COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY LEADERS COMMUNITY MEMBERS CONFLICT PREVENTION CONFLICT RISK CONFLICTS CORPORATION COST OF REBELLION COUNTER-INSURGENCY CRIMINAL ACTIVITY DELTA DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC DOMINANT ETHNIC GROUP DRUGS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC MODEL OF CRIME ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES ECONOMIC POLICIES EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE ETHNIC GROUPS EXTORTION FOREGONE INCOME FORMAL EDUCATION GOVERNMENT REPRESSION GREED-GRIEVANCE HIGH RISK HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN RIGHTS IDEAS IMMIGRATION INDIVIDUALS INTENSITY OF CONFLICT INVESTIGATION LABOR MARKET LARGE POPULATION LIMITED LOCAL CONTROL LOOT-SEEKING REBELLION MILITARY PRESENCE MINORITY MONOPOLY NATURAL GAS NATURAL RESOURCE NATURAL RESOURCES NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS NUMBER OF PERSONS OPPORTUNITY COST OPPORTUNITY FOR REBELLION PEACE POLICY MAKERS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POLITICAL PARTICIPATION POLITICAL POWER POLITICAL RIGHTS POLITICAL VIOLENCE POST-CONFLICT PRIMARY EDUCATION PROBABILITY OF VICTORY PROGRESS PUBLIC PERCEPTIONS REBEL ARMY REBEL FORCE REBEL FORCES REBEL GROUP REBEL GROUPS REBEL LEADER REBEL ORGANIZATION REBELLION RELIGIOUS DIVISIONS RELIGIOUS IDENTITY RISK OF REBELLION SECONDARY EDUCATION SOCIAL CAPITAL SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE SOCIAL NETWORKS SOCIAL SERVICES SOCIETIES SOCIETY TERTIARY EDUCATION TRANSPORTATION UNEMPLOYMENT VIOLENT CONFLICT VOCATIONAL TRAINING Oyefusi, Aderoju Oil and the Propensity to Armed Struggle in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria |
| geographic_facet |
Africa Nigeria |
| relation |
Policy Research Working Paper; No. 4194 |
| description |
This paper attempts to explain the
determinants of the propensity to armed struggle and the
probability of participation by individuals in the Niger
Delta region of Nigeria using primary (micro) data. While
grievance appears to be pervasive among individuals and
communities in the region and can be systematically
explained, neither the grievance level nor its commonly
cited causal factors appear to be strong enough to create a
disposition toward armed rebellion. Rather, factors that
reduce the opportunity cost and risk of participation or
increase the perceived benefits appear to be more important.
The study identifies three of these factors that are
amenable to the policymaker's (government's)
control as income level, educational attainment, and
government presence. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper |
| author |
Oyefusi, Aderoju |
| author_facet |
Oyefusi, Aderoju |
| author_sort |
Oyefusi, Aderoju |
| title |
Oil and the Propensity to Armed Struggle in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria |
| title_short |
Oil and the Propensity to Armed Struggle in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria |
| title_full |
Oil and the Propensity to Armed Struggle in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria |
| title_fullStr |
Oil and the Propensity to Armed Struggle in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Oil and the Propensity to Armed Struggle in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria |
| title_sort |
oil and the propensity to armed struggle in the niger delta region of nigeria |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2007/04/7523849/oil-propensity-armed-struggle-niger-delta-region-nigeria http://hdl.handle.net/10986/7002 |
| _version_ |
1764401706999742464 |