Ideas and Innovation in East Asia

The generation, diffusion, absorption and application of new technology, knowledge or ideas are crucial drivers of development. This paper surveys the diverse approaches to innovation adopted by East Asian economies, the problems faced and outcome...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Brahmbhatt, Milan, Hu, Albert
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2012
Subjects:	ADVERSE IMPACT ASSEMBLERS AUTOMOBILE BANK LOANS BARRIERS TO ENTRY BASIC BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT BUSINESS OPERATIONS BUSINESS SECTOR BUYER BUYERS CAPABILITIES CAPABILITY CAPITAL INVESTMENT COMMERCIAL BANK COMMODITY COMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE COMMUNITIES COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE COMPETITIVENESS COMPUTER HARDWARE COMPUTERS CONSUMERS COPYING CORPORATE PROFITS CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIPS DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS DRAM DVD ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC VALUE ECONOMICS ECONOMIES OF SCALE ELASTICITY ELECTRONIC BUSINESS ELECTRONICS ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY ENGINEERING ENVIRONMENT FOR INNOVATION EQUIPMENT EXCHANGE RATES EXCLUDABILITY EXPORT MARKETS EXPORTS EXTERNALITIES FINANCIAL CRISIS FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FINANCIAL SECTOR FINANCIAL SYSTEM FINANCIAL SYSTEMS FIXED COSTS FLASH FLASH MEMORIES FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN INVESTMENT FOREIGN TRADE GDP GDP PER CAPITA GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE GLOBAL MARKET GLOBAL MARKETS GOVERNMENT FUNDING GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES GROWTH PATHS GROWTH THEORY HIGH TECHNOLOGY HIGH TECHNOLOGY PRODUCTS HUMAN CAPITAL ICT INCOME INCOME LEVELS INDEXES INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE INNOVATION INNOVATION SYSTEMS INNOVATIONS INSPECTION INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY PROTECTION INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS INTERNATIONAL TRADE INVENTION INVENTIONS INVENTORS INVENTORY JOINT VENTURES JOURNALS KNOW-HOW KNOWLEDGE ASSETS KNOWLEDGE CREATION KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTION KNOWLEDGE STOCKS KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER LATIN AMERICAN LCD LICENSE LICENSE AGREEMENT LICENSES LICENSING LIVING STANDARDS LOCALIZATION LOOPS LOW INCOME MACROECONOMIC STABILITY MANUFACTURING MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES MARKET SHARE MARKET SHARES MARKETING MOBILE PHONES MONITORS MONOPOLY NATURAL RESOURCES NETWORKING NETWORKS NEW TECHNOLOGIES NEW TECHNOLOGY OUTSOURCING PACIFIC REGION PATENTS PER CAPITA INCOME PRIVATE INVESTMENT PRIVATE PROPERTY PRIVATE SECTOR PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS PRODUCTION COSTS PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS PRODUCTION PROCESSES PRODUCTIVITY PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PROFIT MARGINS PROTOCOLS PUBLIC GOOD PUBLIC GOODS PURCHASING POWER PURE PLAY R&D REAL INTEREST RATE RESULT RESULTS SCIENTISTS SEARCH SEMICONDUCTORS SITES TACIT KNOWLEDGE TAX INCENTIVES TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE TECHNICAL SUPPORT TECHNOLOGICAL CAPABILITIES TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION TECHNOLOGICAL LEARNING TECHNOLOGY LICENSES TECHNOLOGY LICENSING TECHNOLOGY SPILLOVERS TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER TECHNOLOGY TRANSFERS TELECOM TELEPHONE TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH UNIVERSITIES USER USES WAGES WEB
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2007/11/8705843/ideas-innovation-east-asia http://hdl.handle.net/10986/7596

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Summary:	The generation, diffusion, absorption and application of new technology, knowledge or ideas are crucial drivers of development. This paper surveys the diverse approaches to innovation adopted by East Asian economies, the problems faced and outcomes achieved, as well as possible policy lessons. Knowledge flows from advanced countries remain the primary source of new ideas in developing economies. The authors evaluate the role of three main channels for knowledge flows to East Asia - international trade, acquisition of disembodied knowledge and foreign direct investment. The paper then looks at the exceptionally fast growth in domestic innovation efforts in Korea, Taiwan (China), Singapore and China, drawing on information about R&D as well as original analysis of patent and patent citation data. Citation analysis shows that while East Asian innovations continue to draw heavily on knowledge flows from the US and Japan, citations to the same or to other East Asian economies are quickly rising, indicating the emergence of national and regional knowledge stocks as a foundation for innovation. A last section pulls together findings about policies and institutions to foster innovation, under three heads: the overall business environment for innovation (macroeconomic stability, financial development, openness, competition, intellectual property rights and the quality of communications infrastructure), human capital development, and government fiscal support for innovation.

Ideas and Innovation in East Asia

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