Peru : Impact of the Rural Roads Program on Democracy and Citizenship in Rural Areas
The rural roads program, overseen by Provias Descentralizado (subdivision of Peru's Ministry of Transportation and Communications), began in 1995, and has received funds from the Peruvian Government, the World Bank and the Inter-American Devel...
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| Format: | Other Rural Study |
| Language: | English en_US |
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Washington, DC
2012
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/06/9795632/peru-impact-rural-roads-program-democracy-citizenship-rural-areas http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8080 |
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okr-10986-8080 |
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| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
ABUSE ACCESS TO EDUCATION ACCESSIBILITY AGRICULTURAL LAND ARMED CONFLICT BY ELECTIONS CANDIDATES CITIZEN CITIZEN PARTICIPATION CITIZEN POWER CITIZENS CITIZENSHIP CIVIL SOCIETY CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS COERCION COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS CONSTITUENT DECISION MAKING DECISION-MAKING PROCESSES DEMOCRACY DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE DEMOCRATIC PARTICIPATION DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES DEVELOPMENT EFFORTS DEVELOPMENT PLANNING DEVELOPMENT PLANS DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES DIRECT DEMOCRACY DISSEMINATION ECONOMIC RESOURCES ELECTION ELECTIONS ELECTORAL PROCESSES ELECTORAL SYSTEM EXTREME POVERTY FARMERS GENDER DISCRIMINATION GENDER EQUITY GOVERNMENT AGENCIES HEALTH CENTERS HIGHWAY HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION HIGHWAY PROJECTS HIGHWAYS HOSPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX ILLITERACY INCLUSION OF WOMEN INCOME INDIGENOUS PEOPLES LARGE CITIES LARGE NUMBER OF WOMEN LATIN AMERICAN LEGISLATION LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT LEVEL OF EDUCATION LIFE EXPECTANCY LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS LIVING CONDITIONS LOCAL AUTHORITIES LOCAL COMMUNITY LOCAL DEVELOPMENT LOCAL GOVERNMENTS LOCAL REPRESENTATIVES MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS MANDATES MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT MINISTRY OF TRANSPORTATION MODERNIZATION MUNICIPAL AUTHORITIES NATIONAL EFFORTS NATIONAL GOVERNMENT NATIONAL LEVEL NATIONAL POLICY NATIONAL POPULATION NUMBER OF PEOPLE NUMBER OF WOMEN PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN PATHS PATRONAGE POLITICAL CONTROL POLITICAL PARTICIPATION POLITICAL PARTY POLITICAL RIGHTS POLITICAL SUPPORT POOR POPULAR PARTICIPATION POPULATION SIZE POVERTY ALLEVIATION POWER RELATIONS PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS PUBLIC OFFICIALS PUBLIC ROADS PUBLIC SERVANTS PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC WORKS QUALITATIVE INFORMATION QUALITY OF LIFE RAILROAD RAILROADS RAINFOREST REDUCTION IN TRAVEL REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT REPRESENTATIVES RESPECT ROAD ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE ROAD MAINTENANCE ROAD MANAGEMENT ROAD NETWORK ROAD NETWORKS ROAD PROJECTS ROAD SYSTEM ROAD WORKS ROUTE ROUTES RURAL RURAL ACTORS RURAL AREAS RURAL COMMUNITIES RURAL DISTRICTS RURAL ELECTRIFICATION RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL INSTITUTIONS RURAL PEOPLES RURAL POPULATION RURAL POPULATIONS RURAL PROVINCES RURAL RESIDENTS RURAL ROAD RURAL ROAD CONSTRUCTION RURAL ROADS RURAL SETTINGS RURAL TOWNS RURAL VILLAGES SANITATION SECONDARY SCHOOLS SET OF RECOMMENDATIONS SKILLS DEVELOPMENT SMALL VILLAGES SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL IMPACT SOCIAL POLICIES SOCIAL POLICY SOCIAL SCIENCES SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT SYNERGY TAX TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TECHNICAL TRAINING TRAILS TRANSPARENCY TRANSPORT TRANSPORT CONDITIONS TRAVEL TIME TRIP UNIONS URBAN AREAS URBAN CENTERS URBAN POPULATION URBANIZATION VOTER PARTICIPATION WOMEN LEADERS |
| spellingShingle |
ABUSE ACCESS TO EDUCATION ACCESSIBILITY AGRICULTURAL LAND ARMED CONFLICT BY ELECTIONS CANDIDATES CITIZEN CITIZEN PARTICIPATION CITIZEN POWER CITIZENS CITIZENSHIP CIVIL SOCIETY CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS COERCION COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS CONSTITUENT DECISION MAKING DECISION-MAKING PROCESSES DEMOCRACY DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE DEMOCRATIC PARTICIPATION DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES DEVELOPMENT EFFORTS DEVELOPMENT PLANNING DEVELOPMENT PLANS DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES DIRECT DEMOCRACY DISSEMINATION ECONOMIC RESOURCES ELECTION ELECTIONS ELECTORAL PROCESSES ELECTORAL SYSTEM EXTREME POVERTY FARMERS GENDER DISCRIMINATION GENDER EQUITY GOVERNMENT AGENCIES HEALTH CENTERS HIGHWAY HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION HIGHWAY PROJECTS HIGHWAYS HOSPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX ILLITERACY INCLUSION OF WOMEN INCOME INDIGENOUS PEOPLES LARGE CITIES LARGE NUMBER OF WOMEN LATIN AMERICAN LEGISLATION LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT LEVEL OF EDUCATION LIFE EXPECTANCY LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS LIVING CONDITIONS LOCAL AUTHORITIES LOCAL COMMUNITY LOCAL DEVELOPMENT LOCAL GOVERNMENTS LOCAL REPRESENTATIVES MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS MANDATES MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT MINISTRY OF TRANSPORTATION MODERNIZATION MUNICIPAL AUTHORITIES NATIONAL EFFORTS NATIONAL GOVERNMENT NATIONAL LEVEL NATIONAL POLICY NATIONAL POPULATION NUMBER OF PEOPLE NUMBER OF WOMEN PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN PATHS PATRONAGE POLITICAL CONTROL POLITICAL PARTICIPATION POLITICAL PARTY POLITICAL RIGHTS POLITICAL SUPPORT POOR POPULAR PARTICIPATION POPULATION SIZE POVERTY ALLEVIATION POWER RELATIONS PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS PUBLIC OFFICIALS PUBLIC ROADS PUBLIC SERVANTS PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC WORKS QUALITATIVE INFORMATION QUALITY OF LIFE RAILROAD RAILROADS RAINFOREST REDUCTION IN TRAVEL REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT REPRESENTATIVES RESPECT ROAD ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE ROAD MAINTENANCE ROAD MANAGEMENT ROAD NETWORK ROAD NETWORKS ROAD PROJECTS ROAD SYSTEM ROAD WORKS ROUTE ROUTES RURAL RURAL ACTORS RURAL AREAS RURAL COMMUNITIES RURAL DISTRICTS RURAL ELECTRIFICATION RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL INSTITUTIONS RURAL PEOPLES RURAL POPULATION RURAL POPULATIONS RURAL PROVINCES RURAL RESIDENTS RURAL ROAD RURAL ROAD CONSTRUCTION RURAL ROADS RURAL SETTINGS RURAL TOWNS RURAL VILLAGES SANITATION SECONDARY SCHOOLS SET OF RECOMMENDATIONS SKILLS DEVELOPMENT SMALL VILLAGES SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL IMPACT SOCIAL POLICIES SOCIAL POLICY SOCIAL SCIENCES SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT SYNERGY TAX TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TECHNICAL TRAINING TRAILS TRANSPARENCY TRANSPORT TRANSPORT CONDITIONS TRAVEL TIME TRIP UNIONS URBAN AREAS URBAN CENTERS URBAN POPULATION URBANIZATION VOTER PARTICIPATION WOMEN LEADERS Remy Simatovia, María Isabel Peru : Impact of the Rural Roads Program on Democracy and Citizenship in Rural Areas |
| geographic_facet |
Latin America & Caribbean Peru |
| description |
The rural roads program, overseen by
Provias Descentralizado (subdivision of Peru's Ministry
of Transportation and Communications), began in 1995, and
has received funds from the Peruvian Government, the World
Bank and the Inter-American Development Bank. It is a
national program for the rehabilitation and maintenance of
roads that link rural communities and villages with
secondary and principal roads, and through these, with towns
and cities of the interior, thus expanding Peru's road
network to the rural village level, especially in regions
with greater levels of poverty. In its twelve years of
existence, the program has been evaluated several times in
terms of its impact on the economy (income levels, market
dynamics), on gender equity, on the culture of the high
Andes, on access to basic roads, and on rural living
conditions (access to education, health, etc.). However, no
effort had been made to systematically understand its
impacts on democracy and the quality of citizenship
exercised in rural areas. The study that is presented here,
commissioned by the World Bank in February 2007, has sought
to analyze PCR's impacts, using two general hypotheses
that make it possible to explore the relationships between
public roads and democracy. The first suggests that road
integration, particularly the rehabilitation and maintenance
of roads that link rural villages with district or
provincial capitals, decreases the costs of democratic
participation. In a context of increasing participatory
supply, due to the ongoing recurrence of national and
municipal electoral processes, as well as to the creation of
new rights of participation, new roads allow rural residents
to take part in democratic decision making processes without
having to incur significantly higher costs than those of
residents of urban centers. The second hypothesis is more
specific to the Peru Rural Roads Program (PCR, for its
Spanish acronym); it suggests that the way in which the
program operates, its institutional arrangements and the
institutions to which it provides its services, strengthens
democracy, and local civil society, strengthens new leaders,
improves local management skills, and aids in political
inclusion, particularly that of more vulnerable sectors. |
| author2 |
Glave, Marisa |
| author_facet |
Glave, Marisa Remy Simatovia, María Isabel |
| format |
Economic & Sector Work :: Other Rural Study |
| author |
Remy Simatovia, María Isabel |
| author_sort |
Remy Simatovia, María Isabel |
| title |
Peru : Impact of the Rural Roads Program on Democracy and Citizenship in Rural Areas |
| title_short |
Peru : Impact of the Rural Roads Program on Democracy and Citizenship in Rural Areas |
| title_full |
Peru : Impact of the Rural Roads Program on Democracy and Citizenship in Rural Areas |
| title_fullStr |
Peru : Impact of the Rural Roads Program on Democracy and Citizenship in Rural Areas |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Peru : Impact of the Rural Roads Program on Democracy and Citizenship in Rural Areas |
| title_sort |
peru : impact of the rural roads program on democracy and citizenship in rural areas |
| publisher |
Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/06/9795632/peru-impact-rural-roads-program-democracy-citizenship-rural-areas http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8080 |
| _version_ |
1764403547104870400 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-80802021-04-23T14:02:36Z Peru : Impact of the Rural Roads Program on Democracy and Citizenship in Rural Areas Remy Simatovia, María Isabel Glave, Marisa Pastor, Giannina ABUSE ACCESS TO EDUCATION ACCESSIBILITY AGRICULTURAL LAND ARMED CONFLICT BY ELECTIONS CANDIDATES CITIZEN CITIZEN PARTICIPATION CITIZEN POWER CITIZENS CITIZENSHIP CIVIL SOCIETY CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS COERCION COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS CONSTITUENT DECISION MAKING DECISION-MAKING PROCESSES DEMOCRACY DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE DEMOCRATIC PARTICIPATION DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES DEVELOPMENT EFFORTS DEVELOPMENT PLANNING DEVELOPMENT PLANS DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES DIRECT DEMOCRACY DISSEMINATION ECONOMIC RESOURCES ELECTION ELECTIONS ELECTORAL PROCESSES ELECTORAL SYSTEM EXTREME POVERTY FARMERS GENDER DISCRIMINATION GENDER EQUITY GOVERNMENT AGENCIES HEALTH CENTERS HIGHWAY HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION HIGHWAY PROJECTS HIGHWAYS HOSPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX ILLITERACY INCLUSION OF WOMEN INCOME INDIGENOUS PEOPLES LARGE CITIES LARGE NUMBER OF WOMEN LATIN AMERICAN LEGISLATION LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT LEVEL OF EDUCATION LIFE EXPECTANCY LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS LIVING CONDITIONS LOCAL AUTHORITIES LOCAL COMMUNITY LOCAL DEVELOPMENT LOCAL GOVERNMENTS LOCAL REPRESENTATIVES MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS MANDATES MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT MINISTRY OF TRANSPORTATION MODERNIZATION MUNICIPAL AUTHORITIES NATIONAL EFFORTS NATIONAL GOVERNMENT NATIONAL LEVEL NATIONAL POLICY NATIONAL POPULATION NUMBER OF PEOPLE NUMBER OF WOMEN PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN PATHS PATRONAGE POLITICAL CONTROL POLITICAL PARTICIPATION POLITICAL PARTY POLITICAL RIGHTS POLITICAL SUPPORT POOR POPULAR PARTICIPATION POPULATION SIZE POVERTY ALLEVIATION POWER RELATIONS PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS PUBLIC OFFICIALS PUBLIC ROADS PUBLIC SERVANTS PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC WORKS QUALITATIVE INFORMATION QUALITY OF LIFE RAILROAD RAILROADS RAINFOREST REDUCTION IN TRAVEL REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT REPRESENTATIVES RESPECT ROAD ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE ROAD MAINTENANCE ROAD MANAGEMENT ROAD NETWORK ROAD NETWORKS ROAD PROJECTS ROAD SYSTEM ROAD WORKS ROUTE ROUTES RURAL RURAL ACTORS RURAL AREAS RURAL COMMUNITIES RURAL DISTRICTS RURAL ELECTRIFICATION RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL INSTITUTIONS RURAL PEOPLES RURAL POPULATION RURAL POPULATIONS RURAL PROVINCES RURAL RESIDENTS RURAL ROAD RURAL ROAD CONSTRUCTION RURAL ROADS RURAL SETTINGS RURAL TOWNS RURAL VILLAGES SANITATION SECONDARY SCHOOLS SET OF RECOMMENDATIONS SKILLS DEVELOPMENT SMALL VILLAGES SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL IMPACT SOCIAL POLICIES SOCIAL POLICY SOCIAL SCIENCES SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT SYNERGY TAX TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TECHNICAL TRAINING TRAILS TRANSPARENCY TRANSPORT TRANSPORT CONDITIONS TRAVEL TIME TRIP UNIONS URBAN AREAS URBAN CENTERS URBAN POPULATION URBANIZATION VOTER PARTICIPATION WOMEN LEADERS The rural roads program, overseen by Provias Descentralizado (subdivision of Peru's Ministry of Transportation and Communications), began in 1995, and has received funds from the Peruvian Government, the World Bank and the Inter-American Development Bank. It is a national program for the rehabilitation and maintenance of roads that link rural communities and villages with secondary and principal roads, and through these, with towns and cities of the interior, thus expanding Peru's road network to the rural village level, especially in regions with greater levels of poverty. In its twelve years of existence, the program has been evaluated several times in terms of its impact on the economy (income levels, market dynamics), on gender equity, on the culture of the high Andes, on access to basic roads, and on rural living conditions (access to education, health, etc.). However, no effort had been made to systematically understand its impacts on democracy and the quality of citizenship exercised in rural areas. The study that is presented here, commissioned by the World Bank in February 2007, has sought to analyze PCR's impacts, using two general hypotheses that make it possible to explore the relationships between public roads and democracy. The first suggests that road integration, particularly the rehabilitation and maintenance of roads that link rural villages with district or provincial capitals, decreases the costs of democratic participation. In a context of increasing participatory supply, due to the ongoing recurrence of national and municipal electoral processes, as well as to the creation of new rights of participation, new roads allow rural residents to take part in democratic decision making processes without having to incur significantly higher costs than those of residents of urban centers. The second hypothesis is more specific to the Peru Rural Roads Program (PCR, for its Spanish acronym); it suggests that the way in which the program operates, its institutional arrangements and the institutions to which it provides its services, strengthens democracy, and local civil society, strengthens new leaders, improves local management skills, and aids in political inclusion, particularly that of more vulnerable sectors. 2012-06-14T19:49:36Z 2012-06-14T19:49:36Z 2008-06 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/06/9795632/peru-impact-rural-roads-program-democracy-citizenship-rural-areas http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8080 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank Washington, DC Economic & Sector Work :: Other Rural Study Economic & Sector Work Latin America & Caribbean Peru |