Brazil : Evaluating the Macroeconomic and Distributional Impacts of Lowering Transportation Costs

This report is designed to provide policymakers with estimates of the likely outcomes of an array of potential changes in transportation sector policy. To this end, the report uses a variety of economy-wide models to simulate alternative cost reduc...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	World Bank
Format:	General Economy, Macroeconomics and Growth Study
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Washington, DC 2012
Subjects:	ACCELERATION ACCIDENT RATES ACCIDENT REDUCTIONS ACCIDENTS ACCOUNTING AGRICULTURE AIR AIR PASSENGERS AIRPORTS ALTERNATIVE MODES ALTERNATIVE MODES OF TRANSPORTATION BOTTLENECK BRIDGE BUS COMPETITIVENESS CONCESSIONS CONSUMERS COST OF TRANSPORTATION COUNTY ROADS DEBT DECENTRALIZATION DEMAND FOR TRANSPORTATION DREDGING ECONOMIC CONCENTRATION ECONOMIC DEMAND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC HISTORY ECONOMIC SECTORS ECONOMICS ECONOMIES OF SCALE EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS ELASTICITIES ELASTICITY ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EXPORTS FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FISCAL POLICIES FIXED COSTS FRAMEWORK FREE TRADE FREIGHT FREIGHT COSTS FREIGHT HANDLING FREIGHT TRANSPORT FUEL GAS GDP GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM GINI COEFFICIENT GOVERNMENT POLICIES GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROWTH RATE HEAVY RELIANCE HIGHWAY HIGHWAY PROJECT HIGHWAY PROJECTS HIGHWAY SYSTEM HIGHWAYS IMPACTS OF TRANSPORTATION INCOME INCOME GROUPS INCOME LEVELS INDUSTRIALIZATION INEFFICIENCY INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS INLAND WATERWAYS INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL PORTS INTERNATIONAL TRADE JOB CREATION LABOR ALLOCATION LABOR DISPUTES LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LAND TRANSPORTATION LIVING STANDARDS LOCAL AUTHORITIES LONG-DISTANCE LONG-DISTANCE TRAVEL MACROECONOMIC EFFECTS METALLURGY MINISTRY OF TRANSPORTATION MODAL SHARES MODE OF TRANSPORTATION MODES OF TRANSIT MORTALITY MULTIMODAL TRANSPORT NATIONAL ECONOMY NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE NAVIGATION OPERATING COSTS PARKING PASSENGER PASSENGERS PAVED ROADS PAVING PORT AUTHORITIES PORT AUTHORITY PORT INFRASTRUCTURE POSITIVE EFFECTS PRICE LEVELS PRIVATE OPERATORS PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION PRIVATE VEHICLES PRIVATIZATION PRODUCTION COSTS PUBLIC SECTOR INVESTMENT PUBLIC UTILITY RAIL RAIL CAPACITY RAIL CONSTRUCTION RAIL LINES RAIL NETWORK RAIL SERVICE RAIL SYSTEM RAIL TRANSPORT RAIL TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD RAILROAD COMPANY RAILROADS RAILWAY RAILWAY COMPANIES RAILWAY LINES RAILWAY SECTOR RAILWAY SYSTEMS RAILWAYS REAL GDP REGULATORY AGENCIES REGULATORY AGENCY REGULATORY CHANGES REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT REGULATORY FRAMEWORK REGULATORY SYSTEMS RETIREMENT ROAD CONDITIONS ROAD CONSTRUCTION ROAD COSTS ROAD DETERIORATION ROAD DEVELOPMENT ROAD IMPROVEMENT ROAD IMPROVEMENTS ROAD LINKS ROAD MAINTENANCE ROAD NETWORK ROAD PROJECTS ROAD SECTOR ROAD SYSTEM ROAD TRANSPORT ROLLING STOCK ROUTES SERVANTS SPEED SPEEDS STATE TRANSPORTATION STEEL SUBWAY SUNK COSTS SUPPLY CHAIN TAX TAXATION TIMBER TOLLS TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TRACK GAUGE TRADE DIVERSION TRAFFIC TRAFFIC CONGESTION TRAFFIC FLOWS TRAFFIC SPILLOVER TRAFFIC VOLUME TRAFFIC VOLUMES TRANSPORT TRANSPORT COSTS TRANSPORT FACILITIES TRANSPORT LAW TRANSPORT MODES TRANSPORT SECTOR TRANSPORT SPECIALISTS TRANSPORT SYSTEMS TRANSPORT VOLUME TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION ACTIVITY TRANSPORTATION ALTERNATIVES TRANSPORTATION AUTHORITIES TRANSPORTATION COSTS TRANSPORTATION EFFICIENCY TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE TRANSPORTATION INVESTMENT TRANSPORTATION NETWORK TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS TRANSPORTATION POLICIES TRANSPORTATION POLICY TRANSPORTATION PROJECTS TRANSPORTATION SERVICES TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS TRANSPORTS TRAVEL TIME TRUCKING TRUCKS TRUE UNSKILLED LABOR URBAN TRANSPORTATION VALUE ADDED VARIABLE COSTS VEHICLE VEHICLES WAGES
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/07/9835461/brazil-evaluating-macroeconomic-distributional-impacts-lowering-transportation-costs http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8083