Would Multilateral Trade Reform Benefit Sub-Saharan Africans?

This paper examines whether the Sub-Saharan African economies could gain from multilateral trade reform in the presence of trade preferences. The World Bank's LINKAGE model of the global economy is employed to examine the impact first of current trade barriers and agricultural subsidies, and th...

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Main Authors:	Anderson, Kym, Martin, Will, van der Mensbrugghe, Dominique
Format:	Publications & Research
Language:	English
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2012
Subjects:	AGGREGATE IMPORTS AGRICULTURAL EXPORT SUBSIDIES AGRICULTURAL MARKETS AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL PROTECTION AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT AGRICULTURAL TRADE AGRICULTURE APPLIED TARIFF AVERAGE TARIFFS BASE YEAR BENCHMARK BILATERAL TRADE CAPITAL ACCOUNT CAPITAL ACCUMULATION CAPITAL GOODS CONCESSIONS CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE CONSUMER PRICE INDEX CONSUMERS COUNTRY CASE STUDY COUNTRY MARKETS CURRENT ACCOUNT CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRY DEVELOPMENT AID DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION DOMESTIC PRODUCTION DOMESTIC PRODUCTION SUBSIDIES ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC SECTORS ECONOMIC WELFARE ELASTICITIES ELASTICITY EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS EMPLOYMENT EQUIVALENT VARIATION EXPORT PRICE EXPORT PRICES EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORT TAXES EXTREME POVERTY FARM HOUSEHOLDS FARMS FOOD EXPORTS FOOD INDUSTRY FREE ACCESS FULL EMPLOYMENT FULL LIBERALIZATION GDP GENERALIZED SYSTEM OF PREFERENCES GLOBAL COMPUTABLE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM GLOBAL EXPORTS GLOBAL FREE TRADE GLOBAL TRADE GLOBAL TRADE ANALYSIS HEADCOUNT INDEX HIGH TARIFFS HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS IMPORT BARRIERS IMPORT INCREASES IMPORT PRICES IMPORT TARIFF IMPORT TARIFFS INCOME INCOME COUNTRIES INCOME HOUSEHOLDS INCREASED ACCESS INDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES INTERMEDIATE GOODS INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL PRICES INTERNATIONAL TERMS ITC LORENZ CURVE MARKET ACCESS MARKET POWER MULTILATERAL NEGOTIATIONS MULTILATERAL TRADE MULTILATERAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS MULTILATERAL TRADE REFORM NET EXPORTER NET EXPORTERS NON-TARIFF BARRIERS PATTERN OF TRADE PERFECT COMPETITION POLICY ANALYSIS POLICY CHANGES POLICY IMPLICATIONS POLICY RESEARCH POOR LIVING POVERTY ALLEVIATION PRICE CHANGES PRICE INDEX PRODUCERS PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION PRODUCT MARKETS PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY PRODUCTIVITY PROTECTION DATA PROTECTION POLICIES PROTECTION RATES QUOTAS REAL EXCHANGE RATE REAL INCOME RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS RULES OF ORIGIN SAVINGS SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA TARIFF BARRIERS TARIFF PREFERENCES TARIFF RATE TARIFF REFORM TARIFF REVENUES TAXATION TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS TERMS OF TRADE TERMS OF TRADE LOSS TRADE BALANCE TRADE BARRIERS TRADE DATA TRADE EFFECT TRADE FACILITATION TRADE FLOWS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE LOSSES TRADE MODELS TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE PATTERNS TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRADE PREFERENCE ARRANGEMENTS TRADE PREFERENCES TRADE REFORMS UNEMPLOYMENT UNSKILLED LABOR UNSKILLED WORKERS URUGUAY ROUND VALUE ADDED WAGES WELFARE GAINS WELFARE IMPACTS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/06/5877128/would-multilateral-trade-reform-benefit-sub-saharan-africans http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8174

id	okr-10986-8174
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-81742021-04-23T14:02:43Z Would Multilateral Trade Reform Benefit Sub-Saharan Africans? Anderson, Kym Martin, Will van der Mensbrugghe, Dominique AGGREGATE IMPORTS AGRICULTURAL EXPORT SUBSIDIES AGRICULTURAL MARKETS AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL PROTECTION AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT AGRICULTURAL TRADE AGRICULTURE APPLIED TARIFF AVERAGE TARIFFS BASE YEAR BENCHMARK BILATERAL TRADE CAPITAL ACCOUNT CAPITAL ACCUMULATION CAPITAL GOODS CONCESSIONS CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE CONSUMER PRICE INDEX CONSUMERS COUNTRY CASE STUDY COUNTRY MARKETS CURRENT ACCOUNT CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRY DEVELOPMENT AID DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION DOMESTIC PRODUCTION DOMESTIC PRODUCTION SUBSIDIES ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC SECTORS ECONOMIC WELFARE ELASTICITIES ELASTICITY EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS EMPLOYMENT EQUIVALENT VARIATION EXPORT PRICE EXPORT PRICES EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORT TAXES EXTREME POVERTY FARM HOUSEHOLDS FARMS FOOD EXPORTS FOOD INDUSTRY FREE ACCESS FULL EMPLOYMENT FULL LIBERALIZATION GDP GENERALIZED SYSTEM OF PREFERENCES GLOBAL COMPUTABLE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM GLOBAL EXPORTS GLOBAL FREE TRADE GLOBAL TRADE GLOBAL TRADE ANALYSIS HEADCOUNT INDEX HIGH TARIFFS HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS IMPORT BARRIERS IMPORT INCREASES IMPORT PRICES IMPORT TARIFF IMPORT TARIFFS INCOME INCOME COUNTRIES INCOME HOUSEHOLDS INCREASED ACCESS INDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES INTERMEDIATE GOODS INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL PRICES INTERNATIONAL TERMS ITC LORENZ CURVE MARKET ACCESS MARKET POWER MULTILATERAL NEGOTIATIONS MULTILATERAL TRADE MULTILATERAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS MULTILATERAL TRADE REFORM NET EXPORTER NET EXPORTERS NON-TARIFF BARRIERS PATTERN OF TRADE PERFECT COMPETITION POLICY ANALYSIS POLICY CHANGES POLICY IMPLICATIONS POLICY RESEARCH POOR LIVING POVERTY ALLEVIATION PRICE CHANGES PRICE INDEX PRODUCERS PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION PRODUCT MARKETS PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY PRODUCTIVITY PROTECTION DATA PROTECTION POLICIES PROTECTION RATES QUOTAS REAL EXCHANGE RATE REAL INCOME RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS RULES OF ORIGIN SAVINGS SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA TARIFF BARRIERS TARIFF PREFERENCES TARIFF RATE TARIFF REFORM TARIFF REVENUES TAXATION TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS TERMS OF TRADE TERMS OF TRADE LOSS TRADE BALANCE TRADE BARRIERS TRADE DATA TRADE EFFECT TRADE FACILITATION TRADE FLOWS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE LOSSES TRADE MODELS TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE PATTERNS TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRADE PREFERENCE ARRANGEMENTS TRADE PREFERENCES TRADE REFORMS UNEMPLOYMENT UNSKILLED LABOR UNSKILLED WORKERS URUGUAY ROUND VALUE ADDED WAGES WELFARE GAINS WELFARE IMPACTS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO This paper examines whether the Sub-Saharan African economies could gain from multilateral trade reform in the presence of trade preferences. The World Bank's LINKAGE model of the global economy is employed to examine the impact first of current trade barriers and agricultural subsidies, and then of possible outcomes from the WTO's Doha round. The results suggest moving to free global merchandise trade would boost real incomes in Sub-Saharan Africa proportionately more than in other developing countries or in high-income countries, despite a terms of trade loss in parts of the region. Farm employment and output, the real value of agricultural and food exports, the real returns to farm land and unskilled labor, and real net farm incomes would all rise in the region, thereby alleviating poverty. A Doha partial liberalization of both agricultural and nonagricultural trade could significantly benefit the region. 2012-06-15T18:42:24Z 2012-06-15T18:42:24Z 2005-06 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/06/5877128/would-multilateral-trade-reform-benefit-sub-saharan-africans http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8174 English Policy Research Working Paper 3616 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Africa Sub-Saharan Africa
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English
topic	AGGREGATE IMPORTS AGRICULTURAL EXPORT SUBSIDIES AGRICULTURAL MARKETS AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL PROTECTION AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT AGRICULTURAL TRADE AGRICULTURE APPLIED TARIFF AVERAGE TARIFFS BASE YEAR BENCHMARK BILATERAL TRADE CAPITAL ACCOUNT CAPITAL ACCUMULATION CAPITAL GOODS CONCESSIONS CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE CONSUMER PRICE INDEX CONSUMERS COUNTRY CASE STUDY COUNTRY MARKETS CURRENT ACCOUNT CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRY DEVELOPMENT AID DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION DOMESTIC PRODUCTION DOMESTIC PRODUCTION SUBSIDIES ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC SECTORS ECONOMIC WELFARE ELASTICITIES ELASTICITY EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS EMPLOYMENT EQUIVALENT VARIATION EXPORT PRICE EXPORT PRICES EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORT TAXES EXTREME POVERTY FARM HOUSEHOLDS FARMS FOOD EXPORTS FOOD INDUSTRY FREE ACCESS FULL EMPLOYMENT FULL LIBERALIZATION GDP GENERALIZED SYSTEM OF PREFERENCES GLOBAL COMPUTABLE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM GLOBAL EXPORTS GLOBAL FREE TRADE GLOBAL TRADE GLOBAL TRADE ANALYSIS HEADCOUNT INDEX HIGH TARIFFS HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS IMPORT BARRIERS IMPORT INCREASES IMPORT PRICES IMPORT TARIFF IMPORT TARIFFS INCOME INCOME COUNTRIES INCOME HOUSEHOLDS INCREASED ACCESS INDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES INTERMEDIATE GOODS INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL PRICES INTERNATIONAL TERMS ITC LORENZ CURVE MARKET ACCESS MARKET POWER MULTILATERAL NEGOTIATIONS MULTILATERAL TRADE MULTILATERAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS MULTILATERAL TRADE REFORM NET EXPORTER NET EXPORTERS NON-TARIFF BARRIERS PATTERN OF TRADE PERFECT COMPETITION POLICY ANALYSIS POLICY CHANGES POLICY IMPLICATIONS POLICY RESEARCH POOR LIVING POVERTY ALLEVIATION PRICE CHANGES PRICE INDEX PRODUCERS PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION PRODUCT MARKETS PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY PRODUCTIVITY PROTECTION DATA PROTECTION POLICIES PROTECTION RATES QUOTAS REAL EXCHANGE RATE REAL INCOME RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS RULES OF ORIGIN SAVINGS SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA TARIFF BARRIERS TARIFF PREFERENCES TARIFF RATE TARIFF REFORM TARIFF REVENUES TAXATION TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS TERMS OF TRADE TERMS OF TRADE LOSS TRADE BALANCE TRADE BARRIERS TRADE DATA TRADE EFFECT TRADE FACILITATION TRADE FLOWS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE LOSSES TRADE MODELS TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE PATTERNS TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRADE PREFERENCE ARRANGEMENTS TRADE PREFERENCES TRADE REFORMS UNEMPLOYMENT UNSKILLED LABOR UNSKILLED WORKERS URUGUAY ROUND VALUE ADDED WAGES WELFARE GAINS WELFARE IMPACTS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO
spellingShingle	AGGREGATE IMPORTS AGRICULTURAL EXPORT SUBSIDIES AGRICULTURAL MARKETS AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL PROTECTION AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT AGRICULTURAL TRADE AGRICULTURE APPLIED TARIFF AVERAGE TARIFFS BASE YEAR BENCHMARK BILATERAL TRADE CAPITAL ACCOUNT CAPITAL ACCUMULATION CAPITAL GOODS CONCESSIONS CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE CONSUMER PRICE INDEX CONSUMERS COUNTRY CASE STUDY COUNTRY MARKETS CURRENT ACCOUNT CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRY DEVELOPMENT AID DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION DOMESTIC PRODUCTION DOMESTIC PRODUCTION SUBSIDIES ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC SECTORS ECONOMIC WELFARE ELASTICITIES ELASTICITY EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS EMPLOYMENT EQUIVALENT VARIATION EXPORT PRICE EXPORT PRICES EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORT TAXES EXTREME POVERTY FARM HOUSEHOLDS FARMS FOOD EXPORTS FOOD INDUSTRY FREE ACCESS FULL EMPLOYMENT FULL LIBERALIZATION GDP GENERALIZED SYSTEM OF PREFERENCES GLOBAL COMPUTABLE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM GLOBAL EXPORTS GLOBAL FREE TRADE GLOBAL TRADE GLOBAL TRADE ANALYSIS HEADCOUNT INDEX HIGH TARIFFS HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS IMPORT BARRIERS IMPORT INCREASES IMPORT PRICES IMPORT TARIFF IMPORT TARIFFS INCOME INCOME COUNTRIES INCOME HOUSEHOLDS INCREASED ACCESS INDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES INTERMEDIATE GOODS INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL PRICES INTERNATIONAL TERMS ITC LORENZ CURVE MARKET ACCESS MARKET POWER MULTILATERAL NEGOTIATIONS MULTILATERAL TRADE MULTILATERAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS MULTILATERAL TRADE REFORM NET EXPORTER NET EXPORTERS NON-TARIFF BARRIERS PATTERN OF TRADE PERFECT COMPETITION POLICY ANALYSIS POLICY CHANGES POLICY IMPLICATIONS POLICY RESEARCH POOR LIVING POVERTY ALLEVIATION PRICE CHANGES PRICE INDEX PRODUCERS PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION PRODUCT MARKETS PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY PRODUCTIVITY PROTECTION DATA PROTECTION POLICIES PROTECTION RATES QUOTAS REAL EXCHANGE RATE REAL INCOME RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS RULES OF ORIGIN SAVINGS SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA TARIFF BARRIERS TARIFF PREFERENCES TARIFF RATE TARIFF REFORM TARIFF REVENUES TAXATION TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS TERMS OF TRADE TERMS OF TRADE LOSS TRADE BALANCE TRADE BARRIERS TRADE DATA TRADE EFFECT TRADE FACILITATION TRADE FLOWS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE LOSSES TRADE MODELS TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE PATTERNS TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRADE PREFERENCE ARRANGEMENTS TRADE PREFERENCES TRADE REFORMS UNEMPLOYMENT UNSKILLED LABOR UNSKILLED WORKERS URUGUAY ROUND VALUE ADDED WAGES WELFARE GAINS WELFARE IMPACTS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO Anderson, Kym Martin, Will van der Mensbrugghe, Dominique Would Multilateral Trade Reform Benefit Sub-Saharan Africans?
geographic_facet	Africa Sub-Saharan Africa
relation	Policy Research Working Paper 3616
description	This paper examines whether the Sub-Saharan African economies could gain from multilateral trade reform in the presence of trade preferences. The World Bank's LINKAGE model of the global economy is employed to examine the impact first of current trade barriers and agricultural subsidies, and then of possible outcomes from the WTO's Doha round. The results suggest moving to free global merchandise trade would boost real incomes in Sub-Saharan Africa proportionately more than in other developing countries or in high-income countries, despite a terms of trade loss in parts of the region. Farm employment and output, the real value of agricultural and food exports, the real returns to farm land and unskilled labor, and real net farm incomes would all rise in the region, thereby alleviating poverty. A Doha partial liberalization of both agricultural and nonagricultural trade could significantly benefit the region.
format	Publications & Research
author	Anderson, Kym Martin, Will van der Mensbrugghe, Dominique
author_facet	Anderson, Kym Martin, Will van der Mensbrugghe, Dominique
author_sort	Anderson, Kym
title	Would Multilateral Trade Reform Benefit Sub-Saharan Africans?
title_short	Would Multilateral Trade Reform Benefit Sub-Saharan Africans?
title_full	Would Multilateral Trade Reform Benefit Sub-Saharan Africans?
title_fullStr	Would Multilateral Trade Reform Benefit Sub-Saharan Africans?
title_full_unstemmed	Would Multilateral Trade Reform Benefit Sub-Saharan Africans?
title_sort	would multilateral trade reform benefit sub-saharan africans?
publisher	World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate	2012
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/06/5877128/would-multilateral-trade-reform-benefit-sub-saharan-africans http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8174
_version_	1764407434035593216

Would Multilateral Trade Reform Benefit Sub-Saharan Africans?

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