Migration, School Attainment and Child Labor : Evidence from Rural Pakistan
Inequalities in access to education pose a significant barrier to development. It has been argued that this reflects, in part, borrowing constraints that inhibit private investment in human capital by the poor. One promise of the recent proposals to open international labor markets to allow for the...
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Policy Research Working Paper |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
World Bank, Washington, DC
2012
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2006/06/6871750/migration-school-attainment-child-labor-evidence-rural-pakistan http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8422 |
| id |
okr-10986-8422 |
|---|---|
| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| spelling |
okr-10986-84222021-04-23T14:02:41Z Migration, School Attainment and Child Labor : Evidence from Rural Pakistan Mansuri, Ghazala ACCESS TO EDUCATION ACCESS TO SCHOOLING ADULTS AGE COHORT AGE GROUPS CHILD CARE CHILD EDUCATION CHILD LABOR CHILDREN START SCHOOL COUNTRY GENDER ASSESSMENT DISTRICTS DROPOUT OF SCHOOL DROPOUT RATES DROPOUTS EDUCATED WOMEN EDUCATION EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES ELEMENTARY SCHOOL ENROLLMENT ENROLLMENT RATES ENROLLMENT RATES FOR GIRLS EXTENDED FAMILIES EXTENDED FAMILY FAMILIES FAMILY LABOR FAMILY LIFE FEMALE CHILDREN FEMALE HEAD FEMALE HEADED HOUSEHOLDS FEMALE HEADS FEMALE ILLITERACY FIRST GRADE FORMAL SCHOOLING GENDER GENDER DIFFERENCES GENDER DIFFERENTIALS GENDER GAP GENDER GAPS GENDER INEQUALITIES GENDER INEQUALITY GIRLS HEALTH HIGH SCHOOL HOUSEHOLD INCOME IDENTITY INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS INVESTMENTS INVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LEVEL OF EDUCATION LEVELS OF ENROLLMENT LOW EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT MALE MIGRANTS MARRIED MALE MARRIED MEN MIDDLE SCHOOL MIGRANT MIGRANT CHILDREN MIGRANT HOUSEHOLDS MIGRANTS MIGRATION MIGRATION EXPERIENCE MIGRATION STATUS PARENTAL EDUCATION POWER PRODUCTIVITY REMITTANCE REMITTANCES RETENTION RATES RETURNS TO EDUCATION RURAL HOUSEHOLDS SCHOOL AGE SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN SCHOOL DROPOUT SCHOOL ENROLLMENT SCHOOL QUALITY SCHOOL RETENTION SCHOOLING SCHOOLING FOR GIRLS SKILLED WORKERS SOCIAL NETWORKS SOCIOLOGISTS VILLAGE LEVEL VILLAGES WORKING CHILDREN Inequalities in access to education pose a significant barrier to development. It has been argued that this reflects, in part, borrowing constraints that inhibit private investment in human capital by the poor. One promise of the recent proposals to open international labor markets to allow for the temporary economic migration of low-skilled workers from developing to industrial countries is its potential impact on human capital accumulation by the poor. The large remittance flows from migrants to their communities of origin underscores this aspect of migration. However, migration can also transform expectations of future employment and induce changes in household structure that can exert an independent effect on the private returns to investment in human capital. The author explores the relationship between temporary economic migration and investment in child schooling. A key challenge is to deal appropriately with selection into migration. She finds that the potential positive effects of temporary economic migration on human capital accumulation are large. Moreover, the gains are much greater for girls, yielding a very substantial reduction in gender inequalities in access to education. Significantly, though, the gains appear to arise almost entirely from the greater resource flows to migrant households. The author cannot detect any effect of future migration prospects on schooling decisions. More significantly, she does not find any protective effect of migration-induced female headship on schooling outcomes for girls. Rather, female headship appears to protect boys at the cost of girls. 2012-06-19T15:42:12Z 2012-06-19T15:42:12Z 2006-06 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2006/06/6871750/migration-school-attainment-child-labor-evidence-rural-pakistan http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8422 English Policy Research Working Paper; No. 3945 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research South Asia Pakistan |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English |
| topic |
ACCESS TO EDUCATION ACCESS TO SCHOOLING ADULTS AGE COHORT AGE GROUPS CHILD CARE CHILD EDUCATION CHILD LABOR CHILDREN START SCHOOL COUNTRY GENDER ASSESSMENT DISTRICTS DROPOUT OF SCHOOL DROPOUT RATES DROPOUTS EDUCATED WOMEN EDUCATION EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES ELEMENTARY SCHOOL ENROLLMENT ENROLLMENT RATES ENROLLMENT RATES FOR GIRLS EXTENDED FAMILIES EXTENDED FAMILY FAMILIES FAMILY LABOR FAMILY LIFE FEMALE CHILDREN FEMALE HEAD FEMALE HEADED HOUSEHOLDS FEMALE HEADS FEMALE ILLITERACY FIRST GRADE FORMAL SCHOOLING GENDER GENDER DIFFERENCES GENDER DIFFERENTIALS GENDER GAP GENDER GAPS GENDER INEQUALITIES GENDER INEQUALITY GIRLS HEALTH HIGH SCHOOL HOUSEHOLD INCOME IDENTITY INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS INVESTMENTS INVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LEVEL OF EDUCATION LEVELS OF ENROLLMENT LOW EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT MALE MIGRANTS MARRIED MALE MARRIED MEN MIDDLE SCHOOL MIGRANT MIGRANT CHILDREN MIGRANT HOUSEHOLDS MIGRANTS MIGRATION MIGRATION EXPERIENCE MIGRATION STATUS PARENTAL EDUCATION POWER PRODUCTIVITY REMITTANCE REMITTANCES RETENTION RATES RETURNS TO EDUCATION RURAL HOUSEHOLDS SCHOOL AGE SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN SCHOOL DROPOUT SCHOOL ENROLLMENT SCHOOL QUALITY SCHOOL RETENTION SCHOOLING SCHOOLING FOR GIRLS SKILLED WORKERS SOCIAL NETWORKS SOCIOLOGISTS VILLAGE LEVEL VILLAGES WORKING CHILDREN |
| spellingShingle |
ACCESS TO EDUCATION ACCESS TO SCHOOLING ADULTS AGE COHORT AGE GROUPS CHILD CARE CHILD EDUCATION CHILD LABOR CHILDREN START SCHOOL COUNTRY GENDER ASSESSMENT DISTRICTS DROPOUT OF SCHOOL DROPOUT RATES DROPOUTS EDUCATED WOMEN EDUCATION EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES ELEMENTARY SCHOOL ENROLLMENT ENROLLMENT RATES ENROLLMENT RATES FOR GIRLS EXTENDED FAMILIES EXTENDED FAMILY FAMILIES FAMILY LABOR FAMILY LIFE FEMALE CHILDREN FEMALE HEAD FEMALE HEADED HOUSEHOLDS FEMALE HEADS FEMALE ILLITERACY FIRST GRADE FORMAL SCHOOLING GENDER GENDER DIFFERENCES GENDER DIFFERENTIALS GENDER GAP GENDER GAPS GENDER INEQUALITIES GENDER INEQUALITY GIRLS HEALTH HIGH SCHOOL HOUSEHOLD INCOME IDENTITY INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS INVESTMENTS INVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LEVEL OF EDUCATION LEVELS OF ENROLLMENT LOW EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT MALE MIGRANTS MARRIED MALE MARRIED MEN MIDDLE SCHOOL MIGRANT MIGRANT CHILDREN MIGRANT HOUSEHOLDS MIGRANTS MIGRATION MIGRATION EXPERIENCE MIGRATION STATUS PARENTAL EDUCATION POWER PRODUCTIVITY REMITTANCE REMITTANCES RETENTION RATES RETURNS TO EDUCATION RURAL HOUSEHOLDS SCHOOL AGE SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN SCHOOL DROPOUT SCHOOL ENROLLMENT SCHOOL QUALITY SCHOOL RETENTION SCHOOLING SCHOOLING FOR GIRLS SKILLED WORKERS SOCIAL NETWORKS SOCIOLOGISTS VILLAGE LEVEL VILLAGES WORKING CHILDREN Mansuri, Ghazala Migration, School Attainment and Child Labor : Evidence from Rural Pakistan |
| geographic_facet |
South Asia Pakistan |
| relation |
Policy Research Working Paper; No. 3945 |
| description |
Inequalities in access to education pose a significant barrier to development. It has been argued that this reflects, in part, borrowing constraints that inhibit private investment in human capital by the poor. One promise of the recent proposals to open international labor markets to allow for the temporary economic migration of low-skilled workers from developing to industrial countries is its potential impact on human capital accumulation by the poor. The large remittance flows from migrants to their communities of origin underscores this aspect of migration. However, migration can also transform expectations of future employment and induce changes in household structure that can exert an independent effect on the private returns to investment in human capital. The author explores the relationship between temporary economic migration and investment in child schooling. A key challenge is to deal appropriately with selection into migration. She finds that the potential positive effects of temporary economic migration on human capital accumulation are large. Moreover, the gains are much greater for girls, yielding a very substantial reduction in gender inequalities in access to education. Significantly, though, the gains appear to arise almost entirely from the greater resource flows to migrant households. The author cannot detect any effect of future migration prospects on schooling decisions. More significantly, she does not find any protective effect of migration-induced female headship on schooling outcomes for girls. Rather, female headship appears to protect boys at the cost of girls. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper |
| author |
Mansuri, Ghazala |
| author_facet |
Mansuri, Ghazala |
| author_sort |
Mansuri, Ghazala |
| title |
Migration, School Attainment and Child Labor : Evidence from Rural Pakistan |
| title_short |
Migration, School Attainment and Child Labor : Evidence from Rural Pakistan |
| title_full |
Migration, School Attainment and Child Labor : Evidence from Rural Pakistan |
| title_fullStr |
Migration, School Attainment and Child Labor : Evidence from Rural Pakistan |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Migration, School Attainment and Child Labor : Evidence from Rural Pakistan |
| title_sort |
migration, school attainment and child labor : evidence from rural pakistan |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2006/06/6871750/migration-school-attainment-child-labor-evidence-rural-pakistan http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8422 |
| _version_ |
1764406233344770048 |