Who Gets AIDS and How? The Determinants of HIV Infection and Sexual Behaviors in Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ghana, Kenya and Tanzania

This paper analyzes the determinants of HIV infection and associated sexual behaviors using data from the first five Demographic and Health Surveys to include HIV testing for a representative sample of the adult population. Emerging from a wealth of country relevant results, four important findings...

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Main Author:	de Walque, Damien
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2012
Subjects:	ACCESS TO HEALTH ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES ACCESS TO TREATMENT ADULT POPULATION ADULTS AVERAGE AGE CITIES COMMERCIAL SEX COMMERCIAL SEX WORKERS CONDOM CONDOM USE CONDOMS DEVELOPMENT OF AIDS EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT ETHNICITY EXTRAMARITAL SEX FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION FEMALE PARTNERS FEMALES FIRST SEX FIRST SEXUAL EXPERIENCE FIRST SEXUAL INTERCOURSE GENDER HIGH RISK GROUPS HIGH-RISK HIV HIV INFECTION HIV POSITIVE HIV POSITIVE PEOPLE HIV TESTING LEVELS OF CONDOM USE MALE CIRCUMCISION MALES MARITAL PARTNERS MARITAL SEX MARITAL STATUS MARRIAGES MARRIED MEN MARRIED PERSONS MARRIED WOMEN MORTALITY POLYGAMY PREGNANCY PREGNANT WOMEN PREVENTION EFFORTS RATE OF CONDOM USE RELIGION RELIGIOUS BELIEFS RURAL AREAS SEXUAL ACTIVITY SEXUAL BEHAVIOR SEXUAL BEHAVIORS SEXUAL EXPERIENCE SEXUAL EXPERIENCES SEXUAL INITIATION SEXUAL INTERCOURSE SEXUALLY ACTIVE SINGLE WOMEN SINGLES SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA SURVEILLANCE DATA TRANSMISSION UNAIDS URBAN POPULATION VILLAGES VIRGINITY VOLUNTARY COUNSELING VOLUNTARY TESTING WIDOWS YOUNG WOMEN
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2006/02/6575542/gets-aids-determinants-hiv-infection-sexual-behaviors-burkina-faso-cameroon-ghana-kenya-tanzania http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8741

id	okr-10986-8741
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-87412021-04-23T14:02:40Z Who Gets AIDS and How? The Determinants of HIV Infection and Sexual Behaviors in Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ghana, Kenya and Tanzania de Walque, Damien ACCESS TO HEALTH ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES ACCESS TO TREATMENT ADULT POPULATION ADULTS AVERAGE AGE CITIES COMMERCIAL SEX COMMERCIAL SEX WORKERS CONDOM CONDOM USE CONDOMS DEVELOPMENT OF AIDS EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT ETHNICITY EXTRAMARITAL SEX FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION FEMALE PARTNERS FEMALES FIRST SEX FIRST SEXUAL EXPERIENCE FIRST SEXUAL INTERCOURSE GENDER HIGH RISK GROUPS HIGH-RISK HIV HIV INFECTION HIV POSITIVE HIV POSITIVE PEOPLE HIV TESTING LEVELS OF CONDOM USE MALE CIRCUMCISION MALES MARITAL PARTNERS MARITAL SEX MARITAL STATUS MARRIAGES MARRIED MEN MARRIED PERSONS MARRIED WOMEN MORTALITY POLYGAMY PREGNANCY PREGNANT WOMEN PREVENTION EFFORTS RATE OF CONDOM USE RELIGION RELIGIOUS BELIEFS RURAL AREAS SEXUAL ACTIVITY SEXUAL BEHAVIOR SEXUAL BEHAVIORS SEXUAL EXPERIENCE SEXUAL EXPERIENCES SEXUAL INITIATION SEXUAL INTERCOURSE SEXUALLY ACTIVE SINGLE WOMEN SINGLES SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA SURVEILLANCE DATA TRANSMISSION UNAIDS URBAN POPULATION VILLAGES VIRGINITY VOLUNTARY COUNSELING VOLUNTARY TESTING WIDOWS YOUNG WOMEN This paper analyzes the determinants of HIV infection and associated sexual behaviors using data from the first five Demographic and Health Surveys to include HIV testing for a representative sample of the adult population. Emerging from a wealth of country relevant results, four important findings can be generalized. First, married women who engage in extra-marital sex are less likely to use condoms than single women when doing so. Second, having been in successive marriages is a significant risk-factor, as evidenced by the results on HIV infection and on sexual behaviors. Contrary to prima facie evidence, education is not associated positively with HIV status. But schooling is one of the most consistent predictors of behavior and knowledge: education predicts protective behaviors like condom use, use of counseling and testing, discussion among spouses and knowledge, but it also predicts a higher level of infidelity and a lower level of abstinence. Finally, male circumcision and female genital mutilation are often associated with sexual behaviors, practices, and knowledge related to AIDS. This might explain why in the analysis in the five countries there is no significant negative association between male circumcision and HIV status, despite recent evidence from a randomized control trial that male circumcision has a protective effect. 2012-06-21T22:26:49Z 2012-06-21T22:26:49Z 2006-02 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2006/02/6575542/gets-aids-determinants-hiv-infection-sexual-behaviors-burkina-faso-cameroon-ghana-kenya-tanzania http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8741 English Policy Research Working Paper; No. 3844 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research Africa Tanzania Burkina Faso Cameroon Ghana Kenya
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English
topic	ACCESS TO HEALTH ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES ACCESS TO TREATMENT ADULT POPULATION ADULTS AVERAGE AGE CITIES COMMERCIAL SEX COMMERCIAL SEX WORKERS CONDOM CONDOM USE CONDOMS DEVELOPMENT OF AIDS EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT ETHNICITY EXTRAMARITAL SEX FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION FEMALE PARTNERS FEMALES FIRST SEX FIRST SEXUAL EXPERIENCE FIRST SEXUAL INTERCOURSE GENDER HIGH RISK GROUPS HIGH-RISK HIV HIV INFECTION HIV POSITIVE HIV POSITIVE PEOPLE HIV TESTING LEVELS OF CONDOM USE MALE CIRCUMCISION MALES MARITAL PARTNERS MARITAL SEX MARITAL STATUS MARRIAGES MARRIED MEN MARRIED PERSONS MARRIED WOMEN MORTALITY POLYGAMY PREGNANCY PREGNANT WOMEN PREVENTION EFFORTS RATE OF CONDOM USE RELIGION RELIGIOUS BELIEFS RURAL AREAS SEXUAL ACTIVITY SEXUAL BEHAVIOR SEXUAL BEHAVIORS SEXUAL EXPERIENCE SEXUAL EXPERIENCES SEXUAL INITIATION SEXUAL INTERCOURSE SEXUALLY ACTIVE SINGLE WOMEN SINGLES SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA SURVEILLANCE DATA TRANSMISSION UNAIDS URBAN POPULATION VILLAGES VIRGINITY VOLUNTARY COUNSELING VOLUNTARY TESTING WIDOWS YOUNG WOMEN
spellingShingle	ACCESS TO HEALTH ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES ACCESS TO TREATMENT ADULT POPULATION ADULTS AVERAGE AGE CITIES COMMERCIAL SEX COMMERCIAL SEX WORKERS CONDOM CONDOM USE CONDOMS DEVELOPMENT OF AIDS EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT ETHNICITY EXTRAMARITAL SEX FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION FEMALE PARTNERS FEMALES FIRST SEX FIRST SEXUAL EXPERIENCE FIRST SEXUAL INTERCOURSE GENDER HIGH RISK GROUPS HIGH-RISK HIV HIV INFECTION HIV POSITIVE HIV POSITIVE PEOPLE HIV TESTING LEVELS OF CONDOM USE MALE CIRCUMCISION MALES MARITAL PARTNERS MARITAL SEX MARITAL STATUS MARRIAGES MARRIED MEN MARRIED PERSONS MARRIED WOMEN MORTALITY POLYGAMY PREGNANCY PREGNANT WOMEN PREVENTION EFFORTS RATE OF CONDOM USE RELIGION RELIGIOUS BELIEFS RURAL AREAS SEXUAL ACTIVITY SEXUAL BEHAVIOR SEXUAL BEHAVIORS SEXUAL EXPERIENCE SEXUAL EXPERIENCES SEXUAL INITIATION SEXUAL INTERCOURSE SEXUALLY ACTIVE SINGLE WOMEN SINGLES SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA SURVEILLANCE DATA TRANSMISSION UNAIDS URBAN POPULATION VILLAGES VIRGINITY VOLUNTARY COUNSELING VOLUNTARY TESTING WIDOWS YOUNG WOMEN de Walque, Damien Who Gets AIDS and How? The Determinants of HIV Infection and Sexual Behaviors in Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ghana, Kenya and Tanzania
geographic_facet	Africa Tanzania Burkina Faso Cameroon Ghana Kenya
relation	Policy Research Working Paper; No. 3844
description	This paper analyzes the determinants of HIV infection and associated sexual behaviors using data from the first five Demographic and Health Surveys to include HIV testing for a representative sample of the adult population. Emerging from a wealth of country relevant results, four important findings can be generalized. First, married women who engage in extra-marital sex are less likely to use condoms than single women when doing so. Second, having been in successive marriages is a significant risk-factor, as evidenced by the results on HIV infection and on sexual behaviors. Contrary to prima facie evidence, education is not associated positively with HIV status. But schooling is one of the most consistent predictors of behavior and knowledge: education predicts protective behaviors like condom use, use of counseling and testing, discussion among spouses and knowledge, but it also predicts a higher level of infidelity and a lower level of abstinence. Finally, male circumcision and female genital mutilation are often associated with sexual behaviors, practices, and knowledge related to AIDS. This might explain why in the analysis in the five countries there is no significant negative association between male circumcision and HIV status, despite recent evidence from a randomized control trial that male circumcision has a protective effect.
format	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
author	de Walque, Damien
author_facet	de Walque, Damien
author_sort	de Walque, Damien
title	Who Gets AIDS and How? The Determinants of HIV Infection and Sexual Behaviors in Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ghana, Kenya and Tanzania
title_short	Who Gets AIDS and How? The Determinants of HIV Infection and Sexual Behaviors in Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ghana, Kenya and Tanzania
title_full	Who Gets AIDS and How? The Determinants of HIV Infection and Sexual Behaviors in Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ghana, Kenya and Tanzania
title_fullStr	Who Gets AIDS and How? The Determinants of HIV Infection and Sexual Behaviors in Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ghana, Kenya and Tanzania
title_full_unstemmed	Who Gets AIDS and How? The Determinants of HIV Infection and Sexual Behaviors in Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ghana, Kenya and Tanzania
title_sort	who gets aids and how? the determinants of hiv infection and sexual behaviors in burkina faso, cameroon, ghana, kenya and tanzania
publisher	World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate	2012
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2006/02/6575542/gets-aids-determinants-hiv-infection-sexual-behaviors-burkina-faso-cameroon-ghana-kenya-tanzania http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8741
_version_	1764405925496487936

Who Gets AIDS and How? The Determinants of HIV Infection and Sexual Behaviors in Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ghana, Kenya and Tanzania

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