How do Differing Standards Increase Trade Costs? The Case of Pallets
The pallet is a platform used for storing, handling, and transporting products. There are hundreds of different pallet sizes around the world. The case of pallets is examined to illustrate the impact of multiplicity of standards on trade costs. We select this case because pallets are used all around...
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| Format: | Policy Research Working Paper |
| Language: | English |
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2012
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/02/5642280/differing-standards-increase-trade-costs-case-pallets http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8837 |
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okr-10986-88372021-04-23T14:02:42Z How do Differing Standards Increase Trade Costs? The Case of Pallets Raballand, Gaël Aldaz-Carroll, Enrique AD VALOREM ADVERSE EFFECTS BAGS BENCHMARK BOXES CARGO CARRIERS COLD STORAGE COMPLIANCE COSTS CONSUMERS CONTAINERS CUSTOMS DEPOTS DISTRIBUTORS ECONOMIES OF SCALE ECONOMISTS EXPENDITURES EXPORTS FREIGHT GAME THEORY HANDLING IMPORTS INCOME INEFFICIENCY INTERNATIONAL HARMONIZATION INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS LABOR COSTS LESS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES LOADING LOGISTICS CHAIN LOGISTICS COSTS LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT MANUFACTURING MATERIALS HANDLING PACKAGING PALLETS POLICY RESEARCH PORT OF DISCHARGE PORT OF LOADING PORTS PRESENT VALUE PRIVATE SECTOR PRODUCERS PRODUCTIVITY PUBLIC GOOD PUBLIC WAREHOUSES REPLACEMENT COSTS SHIPPERS SOUTH AMERICAN STOCKS TERMS OF TRADE TRADE BARRIERS TRADE FACILITATION TRAGEDY OF THE COMMONS TRAINS TRANSACTION COSTS TRUCKS VALUE ADDED WAREHOUSES WAREHOUSING The pallet is a platform used for storing, handling, and transporting products. There are hundreds of different pallet sizes around the world. The case of pallets is examined to illustrate the impact of multiplicity of standards on trade costs. We select this case because pallets are used all around the world, pallet standards are not too sophisticated, and data on the impact of pallet standards are to some extent available. The paper examines why there are so many different pallet sizes, the associated trade costs and the reasons why countries have not harmonized pallet sizes to eliminate such costs. It then presents options for exporters to mitigate the adverse effects of standards multiplicity while complying with destination markets' standard requirements. The range of options is limited in the case of exporters from less developed countries because of the lack of rental and exchange pallet markets. To mitigate the costs of this multiplicity of standards, the World Bank's strategy should be divided in two directions: to develop awareness of costs related to the multiplicity of standards and to support actively harmonization at the global level (within International Organization for Standardization) and at the regional level (within regional cooperation agreements). 2012-06-22T19:38:51Z 2012-06-22T19:38:51Z 2005-02 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/02/5642280/differing-standards-increase-trade-costs-case-pallets http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8837 English Policy Research Working Paper; No. 3519 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English |
| topic |
AD VALOREM ADVERSE EFFECTS BAGS BENCHMARK BOXES CARGO CARRIERS COLD STORAGE COMPLIANCE COSTS CONSUMERS CONTAINERS CUSTOMS DEPOTS DISTRIBUTORS ECONOMIES OF SCALE ECONOMISTS EXPENDITURES EXPORTS FREIGHT GAME THEORY HANDLING IMPORTS INCOME INEFFICIENCY INTERNATIONAL HARMONIZATION INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS LABOR COSTS LESS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES LOADING LOGISTICS CHAIN LOGISTICS COSTS LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT MANUFACTURING MATERIALS HANDLING PACKAGING PALLETS POLICY RESEARCH PORT OF DISCHARGE PORT OF LOADING PORTS PRESENT VALUE PRIVATE SECTOR PRODUCERS PRODUCTIVITY PUBLIC GOOD PUBLIC WAREHOUSES REPLACEMENT COSTS SHIPPERS SOUTH AMERICAN STOCKS TERMS OF TRADE TRADE BARRIERS TRADE FACILITATION TRAGEDY OF THE COMMONS TRAINS TRANSACTION COSTS TRUCKS VALUE ADDED WAREHOUSES WAREHOUSING |
| spellingShingle |
AD VALOREM ADVERSE EFFECTS BAGS BENCHMARK BOXES CARGO CARRIERS COLD STORAGE COMPLIANCE COSTS CONSUMERS CONTAINERS CUSTOMS DEPOTS DISTRIBUTORS ECONOMIES OF SCALE ECONOMISTS EXPENDITURES EXPORTS FREIGHT GAME THEORY HANDLING IMPORTS INCOME INEFFICIENCY INTERNATIONAL HARMONIZATION INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS LABOR COSTS LESS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES LOADING LOGISTICS CHAIN LOGISTICS COSTS LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT MANUFACTURING MATERIALS HANDLING PACKAGING PALLETS POLICY RESEARCH PORT OF DISCHARGE PORT OF LOADING PORTS PRESENT VALUE PRIVATE SECTOR PRODUCERS PRODUCTIVITY PUBLIC GOOD PUBLIC WAREHOUSES REPLACEMENT COSTS SHIPPERS SOUTH AMERICAN STOCKS TERMS OF TRADE TRADE BARRIERS TRADE FACILITATION TRAGEDY OF THE COMMONS TRAINS TRANSACTION COSTS TRUCKS VALUE ADDED WAREHOUSES WAREHOUSING Raballand, Gaël Aldaz-Carroll, Enrique How do Differing Standards Increase Trade Costs? The Case of Pallets |
| relation |
Policy Research Working Paper; No. 3519 |
| description |
The pallet is a platform used for storing, handling, and transporting products. There are hundreds of different pallet sizes around the world. The case of pallets is examined to illustrate the impact of multiplicity of standards on trade costs. We select this case because pallets are used all around the world, pallet standards are not too sophisticated, and data on the impact of pallet standards are to some extent available. The paper examines why there are so many different pallet sizes, the associated trade costs and the reasons why countries have not harmonized pallet sizes to eliminate such costs. It then presents options for exporters to mitigate the adverse effects of standards multiplicity while complying with destination markets' standard requirements. The range of options is limited in the case of exporters from less developed countries because of the lack of rental and exchange pallet markets. To mitigate the costs of this multiplicity of standards, the World Bank's strategy should be divided in two directions: to develop awareness of costs related to the multiplicity of standards and to support actively harmonization at the global level (within International Organization for Standardization) and at the regional level (within regional cooperation agreements). |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper |
| author |
Raballand, Gaël Aldaz-Carroll, Enrique |
| author_facet |
Raballand, Gaël Aldaz-Carroll, Enrique |
| author_sort |
Raballand, Gaël |
| title |
How do Differing Standards Increase Trade Costs? The Case of Pallets |
| title_short |
How do Differing Standards Increase Trade Costs? The Case of Pallets |
| title_full |
How do Differing Standards Increase Trade Costs? The Case of Pallets |
| title_fullStr |
How do Differing Standards Increase Trade Costs? The Case of Pallets |
| title_full_unstemmed |
How do Differing Standards Increase Trade Costs? The Case of Pallets |
| title_sort |
how do differing standards increase trade costs? the case of pallets |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/02/5642280/differing-standards-increase-trade-costs-case-pallets http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8837 |
| _version_ |
1764406979146547200 |