China’s Employment Challenges and Strategies after the WTO Accession

Although China has made impressive progress in economic development and improving social well-being, it is facing many daunting challenges while transforming toward a knowledge and service-based economy and further opening up to international competition after its WTO accession in the context of kno...

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Main Author:	Zeng, Douglas Zhihua
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2012
Subjects:	ACCOUNTING ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS ARABLE LAND ASSETS CAPITAL INVESTMENT CITIES COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE DEVELOPED COUNTRIES ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMICS EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES EMERGING MARKETS EMPIRICAL STUDIES EMPLOYMENT ENTREPRENEURSHIP FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FINANCIAL SERVICES FOREIGN BANKS FOREIGN ENTRY IMPORT TARIFFS IMPORTS INNOVATION INSURANCE JOB CREATION KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET FLEXIBILITY LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LABORERS LEGAL FRAMEWORK LEGISLATION LEVEL PLAYING FIELD MARKET ECONOMIES MARKET ECONOMY MARKETING METALS MIGRANTS MIGRATION NATIONAL INCOME NET PROFIT NEW ENTRANTS PARTNERSHIP POLICY ENVIRONMENT PRIVATE PROPERTY PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATIZATION PRODUCTIVITY PROFITABILITY PROPERTY RIGHTS PUBLIC HEALTH PURCHASING POWER REFUGEES SAFETY SAFETY NET SERVICE INDUSTRIES SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL SERVICES STATE ENTERPRISES STATE PROPERTY TAXATION TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TOBACCO TRADE REFORMS TRANSPORT TURKEY UNEMPLOYED PEOPLE UNEMPLOYMENT URBANIZATION WORKERS
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/02/5642284/chinas-employment-challenges-strategies-after-wto-accession http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8840

id	okr-10986-8840
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-88402021-04-23T14:02:42Z China’s Employment Challenges and Strategies after the WTO Accession Zeng, Douglas Zhihua ACCOUNTING ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS ARABLE LAND ASSETS CAPITAL INVESTMENT CITIES COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE DEVELOPED COUNTRIES ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMICS EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES EMERGING MARKETS EMPIRICAL STUDIES EMPLOYMENT ENTREPRENEURSHIP FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FINANCIAL SERVICES FOREIGN BANKS FOREIGN ENTRY IMPORT TARIFFS IMPORTS INNOVATION INSURANCE JOB CREATION KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET FLEXIBILITY LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LABORERS LEGAL FRAMEWORK LEGISLATION LEVEL PLAYING FIELD MARKET ECONOMIES MARKET ECONOMY MARKETING METALS MIGRANTS MIGRATION NATIONAL INCOME NET PROFIT NEW ENTRANTS PARTNERSHIP POLICY ENVIRONMENT PRIVATE PROPERTY PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATIZATION PRODUCTIVITY PROFITABILITY PROPERTY RIGHTS PUBLIC HEALTH PURCHASING POWER REFUGEES SAFETY SAFETY NET SERVICE INDUSTRIES SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL SERVICES STATE ENTERPRISES STATE PROPERTY TAXATION TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TOBACCO TRADE REFORMS TRANSPORT TURKEY UNEMPLOYED PEOPLE UNEMPLOYMENT URBANIZATION WORKERS Although China has made impressive progress in economic development and improving social well-being, it is facing many daunting challenges while transforming toward a knowledge and service-based economy and further opening up to international competition after its WTO accession in the context of knowledge revolution. One of the biggest challenges is how to create 100-300 million new jobs in the coming decade to absorb the millions of laid-offs, rural emigrants and newly added labor force. China has been successful in building high-tech parks and ICT industries, but they are limited in terms of employment generation, while most of the traditional labor-intensive industries are losing competitiveness due to low productivity. In order to combat the unprecedented employment challenge, China must implement a systemic and sustained strategy, which may consist of the following policy thrusts: encouraging the private sector; promoting small and medium enterprises; expanding the service sector; reforming the state-owned enterprises; strengthening the social security system; improving labor market flexibility; and establishing mass retraining programs. 2012-06-22T19:44:32Z 2012-06-22T19:44:32Z 2005-02 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/02/5642284/chinas-employment-challenges-strategies-after-wto-accession http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8840 English Policy Research Working Paper; No. 3522 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research East Asia and Pacific China
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English
topic	ACCOUNTING ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS ARABLE LAND ASSETS CAPITAL INVESTMENT CITIES COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE DEVELOPED COUNTRIES ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMICS EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES EMERGING MARKETS EMPIRICAL STUDIES EMPLOYMENT ENTREPRENEURSHIP FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FINANCIAL SERVICES FOREIGN BANKS FOREIGN ENTRY IMPORT TARIFFS IMPORTS INNOVATION INSURANCE JOB CREATION KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET FLEXIBILITY LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LABORERS LEGAL FRAMEWORK LEGISLATION LEVEL PLAYING FIELD MARKET ECONOMIES MARKET ECONOMY MARKETING METALS MIGRANTS MIGRATION NATIONAL INCOME NET PROFIT NEW ENTRANTS PARTNERSHIP POLICY ENVIRONMENT PRIVATE PROPERTY PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATIZATION PRODUCTIVITY PROFITABILITY PROPERTY RIGHTS PUBLIC HEALTH PURCHASING POWER REFUGEES SAFETY SAFETY NET SERVICE INDUSTRIES SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL SERVICES STATE ENTERPRISES STATE PROPERTY TAXATION TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TOBACCO TRADE REFORMS TRANSPORT TURKEY UNEMPLOYED PEOPLE UNEMPLOYMENT URBANIZATION WORKERS
spellingShingle	ACCOUNTING ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS ARABLE LAND ASSETS CAPITAL INVESTMENT CITIES COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE DEVELOPED COUNTRIES ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMICS EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES EMERGING MARKETS EMPIRICAL STUDIES EMPLOYMENT ENTREPRENEURSHIP FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FINANCIAL SERVICES FOREIGN BANKS FOREIGN ENTRY IMPORT TARIFFS IMPORTS INNOVATION INSURANCE JOB CREATION KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET FLEXIBILITY LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LABORERS LEGAL FRAMEWORK LEGISLATION LEVEL PLAYING FIELD MARKET ECONOMIES MARKET ECONOMY MARKETING METALS MIGRANTS MIGRATION NATIONAL INCOME NET PROFIT NEW ENTRANTS PARTNERSHIP POLICY ENVIRONMENT PRIVATE PROPERTY PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATIZATION PRODUCTIVITY PROFITABILITY PROPERTY RIGHTS PUBLIC HEALTH PURCHASING POWER REFUGEES SAFETY SAFETY NET SERVICE INDUSTRIES SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL SERVICES STATE ENTERPRISES STATE PROPERTY TAXATION TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TOBACCO TRADE REFORMS TRANSPORT TURKEY UNEMPLOYED PEOPLE UNEMPLOYMENT URBANIZATION WORKERS Zeng, Douglas Zhihua China’s Employment Challenges and Strategies after the WTO Accession
geographic_facet	East Asia and Pacific China
relation	Policy Research Working Paper; No. 3522
description	Although China has made impressive progress in economic development and improving social well-being, it is facing many daunting challenges while transforming toward a knowledge and service-based economy and further opening up to international competition after its WTO accession in the context of knowledge revolution. One of the biggest challenges is how to create 100-300 million new jobs in the coming decade to absorb the millions of laid-offs, rural emigrants and newly added labor force. China has been successful in building high-tech parks and ICT industries, but they are limited in terms of employment generation, while most of the traditional labor-intensive industries are losing competitiveness due to low productivity. In order to combat the unprecedented employment challenge, China must implement a systemic and sustained strategy, which may consist of the following policy thrusts: encouraging the private sector; promoting small and medium enterprises; expanding the service sector; reforming the state-owned enterprises; strengthening the social security system; improving labor market flexibility; and establishing mass retraining programs.
format	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
author	Zeng, Douglas Zhihua
author_facet	Zeng, Douglas Zhihua
author_sort	Zeng, Douglas Zhihua
title	China’s Employment Challenges and Strategies after the WTO Accession
title_short	China’s Employment Challenges and Strategies after the WTO Accession
title_full	China’s Employment Challenges and Strategies after the WTO Accession
title_fullStr	China’s Employment Challenges and Strategies after the WTO Accession
title_full_unstemmed	China’s Employment Challenges and Strategies after the WTO Accession
title_sort	china’s employment challenges and strategies after the wto accession
publisher	World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate	2012
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/02/5642284/chinas-employment-challenges-strategies-after-wto-accession http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8840
_version_	1764406987575001088

China’s Employment Challenges and Strategies after the WTO Accession

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