Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of aqueous extracts of selected fruit peels and development of mixed fruit peel leather / Khairusy Syakirah Zulkifli

Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of aqueous extracts of selected fruit peels and development of mixed fruit peel leather / Khairusy Syakirah Zulkifli

The discarding of fruit residues gain public’s attention as they might cause serious environmental pollution. Hence, a study was conducted on four different fruit peels namely Mangifera indica var. Chok-Anan, Psidium guajava var. Kampuchea, Citrus sinensis var. Navel and Malus sylvestris var. Granny...

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Main Author: Zulkifli, Khairusy Syakirah
Format: Thesis
Language:English
Published: 2014
Subjects:
Biochemistry
Online Access:http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/13992/
http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/13992/1/TM_KHAIRUSY%20SYAKIRAH%20ZULKIFLI%20AS%2014_5.pdf
id uitm-13992
recordtype eprints
spelling uitm-139922016-06-15T05:56:48Z http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/13992/ Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of aqueous extracts of selected fruit peels and development of mixed fruit peel leather / Khairusy Syakirah Zulkifli Zulkifli, Khairusy Syakirah Biochemistry The discarding of fruit residues gain public’s attention as they might cause serious environmental pollution. Hence, a study was conducted on four different fruit peels namely Mangifera indica var. Chok-Anan, Psidium guajava var. Kampuchea, Citrus sinensis var. Navel and Malus sylvestris var. Granny Smith. For the first phase, fresh and dried aqueous extracts were screened for their phytochemicals and toxicity level, estimating the total phenolic content and total flavonoid content as well as quantification of individual phenolic. Antioxidant activity was conducted by using Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power, DPPH Radical Scavenging, fi-carotene Bleaching and Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity while antimicrobial activity was evaluated against 10 bacterial and two fungal strains. The second phase comprised of development and optimisation of mixed fruit peel leather with formulations generated by Mixture Design. The results showed that C. sinensis exhibited the highest pectin yield and degree of esterification with 7.15% and 78.27%. All fruit peels extracts were classified as non-toxic with LC50 higher than 0.1 mg/ml. Fresh extracts were higher in TPC, TFC and both antioxidant and antimicrobial assays with M indica peel as the strongest confributor. M. sylvestris and M. indica also showed highest in total fiavonoid compound and total phenolic acids compound respectively that quantified by HPLC. A strong correlation was found between TPC with all antioxidant assays with r2 ranged from 0.732 to 0.989. The optimised formulation of mixed fruit peel leather by using sensory scores and TPC as responses was 56.50% P. guajava, 33.00% M. indica and 10.50% C. sinensis peels with desirability of 98.10. The optimised formulation also showed highest in TPC and all antioxidant assays. The development of mixed fruit peel leather is recommended as an alternative way to valorise fruit by-products. 2014 Thesis NonPeerReviewed text en http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/13992/1/TM_KHAIRUSY%20SYAKIRAH%20ZULKIFLI%20AS%2014_5.pdf Zulkifli, Khairusy Syakirah (2014) Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of aqueous extracts of selected fruit peels and development of mixed fruit peel leather / Khairusy Syakirah Zulkifli. Masters thesis, Universiti Teknologi MARA.
repository_type Digital Repository
institution_category Local University
institution Universiti Teknologi MARA
building UiTM Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
language English
topic Biochemistry
spellingShingle Biochemistry
Zulkifli, Khairusy Syakirah
Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of aqueous extracts of selected fruit peels and development of mixed fruit peel leather / Khairusy Syakirah Zulkifli
description The discarding of fruit residues gain public’s attention as they might cause serious environmental pollution. Hence, a study was conducted on four different fruit peels namely Mangifera indica var. Chok-Anan, Psidium guajava var. Kampuchea, Citrus sinensis var. Navel and Malus sylvestris var. Granny Smith. For the first phase, fresh and dried aqueous extracts were screened for their phytochemicals and toxicity level, estimating the total phenolic content and total flavonoid content as well as quantification of individual phenolic. Antioxidant activity was conducted by using Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power, DPPH Radical Scavenging, fi-carotene Bleaching and Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity while antimicrobial activity was evaluated against 10 bacterial and two fungal strains. The second phase comprised of development and optimisation of mixed fruit peel leather with formulations generated by Mixture Design. The results showed that C. sinensis exhibited the highest pectin yield and degree of esterification with 7.15% and 78.27%. All fruit peels extracts were classified as non-toxic with LC50 higher than 0.1 mg/ml. Fresh extracts were higher in TPC, TFC and both antioxidant and antimicrobial assays with M indica peel as the strongest confributor. M. sylvestris and M. indica also showed highest in total fiavonoid compound and total phenolic acids compound respectively that quantified by HPLC. A strong correlation was found between TPC with all antioxidant assays with r2 ranged from 0.732 to 0.989. The optimised formulation of mixed fruit peel leather by using sensory scores and TPC as responses was 56.50% P. guajava, 33.00% M. indica and 10.50% C. sinensis peels with desirability of 98.10. The optimised formulation also showed highest in TPC and all antioxidant assays. The development of mixed fruit peel leather is recommended as an alternative way to valorise fruit by-products.
format Thesis
author Zulkifli, Khairusy Syakirah
author_facet Zulkifli, Khairusy Syakirah
author_sort Zulkifli, Khairusy Syakirah
title Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of aqueous extracts of selected fruit peels and development of mixed fruit peel leather / Khairusy Syakirah Zulkifli
title_short Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of aqueous extracts of selected fruit peels and development of mixed fruit peel leather / Khairusy Syakirah Zulkifli
title_full Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of aqueous extracts of selected fruit peels and development of mixed fruit peel leather / Khairusy Syakirah Zulkifli
title_fullStr Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of aqueous extracts of selected fruit peels and development of mixed fruit peel leather / Khairusy Syakirah Zulkifli
title_full_unstemmed Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of aqueous extracts of selected fruit peels and development of mixed fruit peel leather / Khairusy Syakirah Zulkifli
title_sort antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of aqueous extracts of selected fruit peels and development of mixed fruit peel leather / khairusy syakirah zulkifli
publishDate 2014
url http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/13992/
http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/13992/1/TM_KHAIRUSY%20SYAKIRAH%20ZULKIFLI%20AS%2014_5.pdf
first_indexed 2023-09-18T22:50:38Z
last_indexed 2023-09-18T22:50:38Z
_version_ 1777417519961735168

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