The Doctoral Research Abstracts: Resistance status of Aedes albopictus (Skuse)(Culicidae:Diptera) mosquitoes towards organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides in selected dengue outbreak and non outbreak areas, Selangor / Muhammad Afiq Zaki

The Doctoral Research Abstracts: Resistance status of Aedes albopictus (Skuse)(Culicidae:Diptera) mosquitoes towards organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides in selected dengue outbreak and non outbreak areas, Selangor / Muhammad Afiq Zaki

Aedes albopictus is known as a day biting mosquito and a vector of dengue viruses in Malaysia. One of the most effective prevention and control method for dengue currently in practice is the use of insecticides to control adult Aedes populations. Nonetheless, this Aedes species can develop resistanc...

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Main Author: Zaki, Muhammad Afiq
Format: Book Section
Language:English
Published: Institute of Graduate Studies, UiTM 2018
Subjects:
Infectious and parasitic diseases
Online Access:http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/22229/
http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/22229/1/ABS_MUHAMMAD%20AFIQ%20ZAKI%20TDRA%20VOL%2014%20IGS%2018.pdf
id uitm-22229
recordtype eprints
spelling uitm-222292020-03-19T08:51:27Z http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/22229/ The Doctoral Research Abstracts: Resistance status of Aedes albopictus (Skuse)(Culicidae:Diptera) mosquitoes towards organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides in selected dengue outbreak and non outbreak areas, Selangor / Muhammad Afiq Zaki Zaki, Muhammad Afiq Infectious and parasitic diseases Aedes albopictus is known as a day biting mosquito and a vector of dengue viruses in Malaysia. One of the most effective prevention and control method for dengue currently in practice is the use of insecticides to control adult Aedes populations. Nonetheless, this Aedes species can develop resistance towards different types of insecticides and threaten vector control programs. In Subang Jaya, the escalating numbers of confirmed dengue cases in recent years suggest that the presence of resistance. Hence this study in the Subang Jaya Municipal area is intended to fill vital gaps in information on the extent of changes in its biological characteristics, development of resistance towards organophosphates and pyrethroids and the expression of metabolic genes. A total of 1,200 ovitraps were placed in 12 dengue outbreak and non outbreak known as hotspots (HS) and nonhotspots (NHS) areas respectively. Analysis of biological characteristics revealed significant differences in fecundity, gonotrophic cycles, duration of immature stages and longevity in mosquito specimens in these two areas. HS Ae.albopictus specimens showed enhanced vectorial capacity as compared to NHS specimens. WHO adult bioassays using 4 different types of insecticides against a total of 9,600 individual Aedes albopictus mosquitoes collected in HS and NHS areas indicated that the majority of local vector populations were already resistant to Malathion and Permethrin, yet susceptible to Deltamethrin and Lambdacyaluthrin. Analysis of gene expression, using 720 individual Ae.albopictus mosquitoes using qRT-PCR procedures, revealed that Ae.albopictus was capable of sequestering detoxification enzymes. Most HS mosquito specimen showed high positive amplification of Glutathione - S - Transferase (GST) and Cytochrome P450 (CytoP450). Similar findings were observed for NHS mosquitoes but gene expression was relatively low, indicating that vector populations were still susceptible towards existing insecticides. As for Esterase Lipase (EL) gene only the specimens collected from 2 localities demonstrated amplification, suggesting cross resistance. Risk ratio (RR) calculated for Mortality Rate (Mr) and Knockdown Rate (Kdr), suggested both HS and NHS specimens had equal risk of resistance (RR=1) towards Malathion. Resistance for Permethrin, Deltamethrin and Lambdacyaluthrin were found respectively, to be 1.2, 6.0 and 2.5 times higher among the HS specimens. Multivariate analysis employing 15 parameters, confirmed that there were significant differences of parameters tested in both HS and NHS specimens with Bonferroni adjusted p - value of a< 0.003. In conclusion, this study revealed significant differences in resistance status and underlying resistance attributes in Aedes albopictus obtained across Subang Jaya municipal areas. Therefore it appears that current mitigation measures, for managing dengue outbreaks using insecticides, may no longer be effective. Institute of Graduate Studies, UiTM 2018 Book Section PeerReviewed text en http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/22229/1/ABS_MUHAMMAD%20AFIQ%20ZAKI%20TDRA%20VOL%2014%20IGS%2018.pdf Zaki, Muhammad Afiq (2018) The Doctoral Research Abstracts: Resistance status of Aedes albopictus (Skuse)(Culicidae:Diptera) mosquitoes towards organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides in selected dengue outbreak and non outbreak areas, Selangor / Muhammad Afiq Zaki. In: The Doctoral Research Abstracts. IPSis Biannual Publication, 14 (14). Institute of Graduate Studies, UiTM, Shah Alam.
repository_type Digital Repository
institution_category Local University
institution Universiti Teknologi MARA
building UiTM Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
language English
topic Infectious and parasitic diseases
spellingShingle Infectious and parasitic diseases
Zaki, Muhammad Afiq
The Doctoral Research Abstracts: Resistance status of Aedes albopictus (Skuse)(Culicidae:Diptera) mosquitoes towards organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides in selected dengue outbreak and non outbreak areas, Selangor / Muhammad Afiq Zaki
description Aedes albopictus is known as a day biting mosquito and a vector of dengue viruses in Malaysia. One of the most effective prevention and control method for dengue currently in practice is the use of insecticides to control adult Aedes populations. Nonetheless, this Aedes species can develop resistance towards different types of insecticides and threaten vector control programs. In Subang Jaya, the escalating numbers of confirmed dengue cases in recent years suggest that the presence of resistance. Hence this study in the Subang Jaya Municipal area is intended to fill vital gaps in information on the extent of changes in its biological characteristics, development of resistance towards organophosphates and pyrethroids and the expression of metabolic genes. A total of 1,200 ovitraps were placed in 12 dengue outbreak and non outbreak known as hotspots (HS) and nonhotspots (NHS) areas respectively. Analysis of biological characteristics revealed significant differences in fecundity, gonotrophic cycles, duration of immature stages and longevity in mosquito specimens in these two areas. HS Ae.albopictus specimens showed enhanced vectorial capacity as compared to NHS specimens. WHO adult bioassays using 4 different types of insecticides against a total of 9,600 individual Aedes albopictus mosquitoes collected in HS and NHS areas indicated that the majority of local vector populations were already resistant to Malathion and Permethrin, yet susceptible to Deltamethrin and Lambdacyaluthrin. Analysis of gene expression, using 720 individual Ae.albopictus mosquitoes using qRT-PCR procedures, revealed that Ae.albopictus was capable of sequestering detoxification enzymes. Most HS mosquito specimen showed high positive amplification of Glutathione - S - Transferase (GST) and Cytochrome P450 (CytoP450). Similar findings were observed for NHS mosquitoes but gene expression was relatively low, indicating that vector populations were still susceptible towards existing insecticides. As for Esterase Lipase (EL) gene only the specimens collected from 2 localities demonstrated amplification, suggesting cross resistance. Risk ratio (RR) calculated for Mortality Rate (Mr) and Knockdown Rate (Kdr), suggested both HS and NHS specimens had equal risk of resistance (RR=1) towards Malathion. Resistance for Permethrin, Deltamethrin and Lambdacyaluthrin were found respectively, to be 1.2, 6.0 and 2.5 times higher among the HS specimens. Multivariate analysis employing 15 parameters, confirmed that there were significant differences of parameters tested in both HS and NHS specimens with Bonferroni adjusted p - value of a< 0.003. In conclusion, this study revealed significant differences in resistance status and underlying resistance attributes in Aedes albopictus obtained across Subang Jaya municipal areas. Therefore it appears that current mitigation measures, for managing dengue outbreaks using insecticides, may no longer be effective.
format Book Section
author Zaki, Muhammad Afiq
author_facet Zaki, Muhammad Afiq
author_sort Zaki, Muhammad Afiq
title The Doctoral Research Abstracts: Resistance status of Aedes albopictus (Skuse)(Culicidae:Diptera) mosquitoes towards organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides in selected dengue outbreak and non outbreak areas, Selangor / Muhammad Afiq Zaki
title_short The Doctoral Research Abstracts: Resistance status of Aedes albopictus (Skuse)(Culicidae:Diptera) mosquitoes towards organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides in selected dengue outbreak and non outbreak areas, Selangor / Muhammad Afiq Zaki
title_full The Doctoral Research Abstracts: Resistance status of Aedes albopictus (Skuse)(Culicidae:Diptera) mosquitoes towards organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides in selected dengue outbreak and non outbreak areas, Selangor / Muhammad Afiq Zaki
title_fullStr The Doctoral Research Abstracts: Resistance status of Aedes albopictus (Skuse)(Culicidae:Diptera) mosquitoes towards organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides in selected dengue outbreak and non outbreak areas, Selangor / Muhammad Afiq Zaki
title_full_unstemmed The Doctoral Research Abstracts: Resistance status of Aedes albopictus (Skuse)(Culicidae:Diptera) mosquitoes towards organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides in selected dengue outbreak and non outbreak areas, Selangor / Muhammad Afiq Zaki
title_sort doctoral research abstracts: resistance status of aedes albopictus (skuse)(culicidae:diptera) mosquitoes towards organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides in selected dengue outbreak and non outbreak areas, selangor / muhammad afiq zaki
publisher Institute of Graduate Studies, UiTM
publishDate 2018
url http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/22229/
http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/22229/1/ABS_MUHAMMAD%20AFIQ%20ZAKI%20TDRA%20VOL%2014%20IGS%2018.pdf
first_indexed 2023-09-18T23:08:13Z
last_indexed 2023-09-18T23:08:13Z
_version_ 1777418626473656320

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