Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil utilizing Cu/Ca/AI203 catalyst / Muhamad Sharul Nizam Awang

Currently, biodiesel has been successfully yielded by transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) by using heterogeneous basic catalysts dissolved in methanol. The transesterification of waste cooking oil involves some challenges. For example, waste cooking oil usually contains a large amount...

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Main Author:	Awang, Muhamad Sharul Nizam
Format:	Student Project
Language:	English
Published:	Faculty Of Applied Sciences 2017
Subjects:	Biotechnology Biodiesel fuels
Online Access:	http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/25746/ http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/25746/1/PPb_MUHAMAD%20SHARUL%20NIZAM%20AWANG%20AS%20C%2017_5.PDF

id	uitm-25746
recordtype	eprints
spelling	uitm-257462019-09-25T06:31:48Z http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/25746/ Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil utilizing Cu/Ca/AI203 catalyst / Muhamad Sharul Nizam Awang Awang, Muhamad Sharul Nizam Biotechnology Biodiesel fuels Currently, biodiesel has been successfully yielded by transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) by using heterogeneous basic catalysts dissolved in methanol. The transesterification of waste cooking oil involves some challenges. For example, waste cooking oil usually contains a large amount of free fatty acids (FFAs), which could react with base catalyst to form soap, resulting in a decrease in percentage of biodiesel yield. So, this study focused on the synthesis, optimization and characterization of base heterogeneous catalyst, bimetallic CU/CalAh03 with different parameters to test their effectiveness towards biodiesel production using WCO. The physicochemical properties of the catalyst were determined by TGA, FTIR, XRD and BET. The activity of the catalyst in transesterification reaction was evaluated at reaction temperature of 65°C, 3 h reaction time and 12:1 M ratio of methanol to oil. The investigation of the synthesized CU/CalAh03 catalyst showed that the calcination temperature of 800, 900 and 1000°C, catalyst loading of 3, 4 and 5 wt.% as well as reaction time of 3, 4 and 5 hours have significant effects on the catalytic performance. These critical parameters were investigated in order to determine the optimum operating conditions for biodiesel production. The optimum conditions were 900°C calcination temperature, 3 wt.% catalyst loading and 3 hours reaction time which gave 10.9% biodiesel yield. Due to very low biodiesel yield, the study was continued with two steps reaction (esterificationtransesterification). This two-step process could lower the content of FFAs in waste cooking oil in the first step and also improve conversion of transesterification in the second step. The acid value of treated waste cooking oil was successfully reduced from 5.16 mg KOH/g to 3.63 mg KOH/g by using acidic catalysed esterification reaction with sulfuric acid as catalyst, methanol to oil ratio of 12:1 and reaction time of 1 hour at 65°C. The combination of these processes gave higher biodiesel yield (36.16%) under the optimum conditions. The biodiesel synthesized was analysed using FTIR and GCMS to confirm the present of FAME Faculty Of Applied Sciences 2017 Student Project NonPeerReviewed text en http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/25746/1/PPb_MUHAMAD%20SHARUL%20NIZAM%20AWANG%20AS%20C%2017_5.PDF Awang, Muhamad Sharul Nizam (2017) Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil utilizing Cu/Ca/AI203 catalyst / Muhamad Sharul Nizam Awang. [Student Project] (Unpublished)
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA
building	UiTM Institutional Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English
topic	Biotechnology Biodiesel fuels
spellingShingle	Biotechnology Biodiesel fuels Awang, Muhamad Sharul Nizam Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil utilizing Cu/Ca/AI203 catalyst / Muhamad Sharul Nizam Awang
description	Currently, biodiesel has been successfully yielded by transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) by using heterogeneous basic catalysts dissolved in methanol. The transesterification of waste cooking oil involves some challenges. For example, waste cooking oil usually contains a large amount of free fatty acids (FFAs), which could react with base catalyst to form soap, resulting in a decrease in percentage of biodiesel yield. So, this study focused on the synthesis, optimization and characterization of base heterogeneous catalyst, bimetallic CU/CalAh03 with different parameters to test their effectiveness towards biodiesel production using WCO. The physicochemical properties of the catalyst were determined by TGA, FTIR, XRD and BET. The activity of the catalyst in transesterification reaction was evaluated at reaction temperature of 65°C, 3 h reaction time and 12:1 M ratio of methanol to oil. The investigation of the synthesized CU/CalAh03 catalyst showed that the calcination temperature of 800, 900 and 1000°C, catalyst loading of 3, 4 and 5 wt.% as well as reaction time of 3, 4 and 5 hours have significant effects on the catalytic performance. These critical parameters were investigated in order to determine the optimum operating conditions for biodiesel production. The optimum conditions were 900°C calcination temperature, 3 wt.% catalyst loading and 3 hours reaction time which gave 10.9% biodiesel yield. Due to very low biodiesel yield, the study was continued with two steps reaction (esterificationtransesterification). This two-step process could lower the content of FFAs in waste cooking oil in the first step and also improve conversion of transesterification in the second step. The acid value of treated waste cooking oil was successfully reduced from 5.16 mg KOH/g to 3.63 mg KOH/g by using acidic catalysed esterification reaction with sulfuric acid as catalyst, methanol to oil ratio of 12:1 and reaction time of 1 hour at 65°C. The combination of these processes gave higher biodiesel yield (36.16%) under the optimum conditions. The biodiesel synthesized was analysed using FTIR and GCMS to confirm the present of FAME
format	Student Project
author	Awang, Muhamad Sharul Nizam
author_facet	Awang, Muhamad Sharul Nizam
author_sort	Awang, Muhamad Sharul Nizam
title	Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil utilizing Cu/Ca/AI203 catalyst / Muhamad Sharul Nizam Awang
title_short	Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil utilizing Cu/Ca/AI203 catalyst / Muhamad Sharul Nizam Awang
title_full	Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil utilizing Cu/Ca/AI203 catalyst / Muhamad Sharul Nizam Awang
title_fullStr	Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil utilizing Cu/Ca/AI203 catalyst / Muhamad Sharul Nizam Awang
title_full_unstemmed	Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil utilizing Cu/Ca/AI203 catalyst / Muhamad Sharul Nizam Awang
title_sort	biodiesel production from waste cooking oil utilizing cu/ca/ai203 catalyst / muhamad sharul nizam awang
publisher	Faculty Of Applied Sciences
publishDate	2017
url	http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/25746/ http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/25746/1/PPb_MUHAMAD%20SHARUL%20NIZAM%20AWANG%20AS%20C%2017_5.PDF
first_indexed	2023-09-18T23:15:23Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T23:15:23Z
_version_	1777419077351899136

Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil utilizing Cu/Ca/AI203 catalyst / Muhamad Sharul Nizam Awang

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