Impurity profiling of amphetamine and methamphetamine using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) harmonised methods

Impurity profiling of drug seizures is a scientific approach employed to understand drug trafficking networks thus has becoming increasingly important in criminal investigation. This paper presents the feasibility of using the Collaborative Harmonisation of Methods for the Profiling of AmphetamineTy...

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Main Authors:	Wan Nur Syuhaila Mat Desa, Dzulkiflee Ismail
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2017
Online Access:	http://journalarticle.ukm.my/10604/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/10604/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/10604/1/19%20Wan%20Nur%20Syuhaila.pdf

id	ukm-10604
recordtype	eprints
spelling	ukm-106042017-08-21T09:27:44Z http://journalarticle.ukm.my/10604/ Impurity profiling of amphetamine and methamphetamine using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) harmonised methods Wan Nur Syuhaila Mat Desa, Dzulkiflee Ismail, Impurity profiling of drug seizures is a scientific approach employed to understand drug trafficking networks thus has becoming increasingly important in criminal investigation. This paper presents the feasibility of using the Collaborative Harmonisation of Methods for the Profiling of AmphetamineType Stimulants (CHAMP) established by the European Commission authority for impurity profiling of amphetamine and methamphetamine samples. Both drugs were analysed using similar extraction procedure and analytical conditions. The impurities were extracted from an alkaline buffer solution (pH8.1) using toluene prior to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses. The results showed that the reproducibility of the method for detecting amphetamine and methamphetamine ranged between 7.4-8.9 and 6.2-8.4 %RSD, respectively. Identification of impurities was performed by referencing against the available MS databases as well as to previous reported impurity profiling studies. Phenyl-2-propanone (P2P), also known as benzyl-methyl-ketone (BMK), as well as other specific impurities such as 4-methyl-5-phenylpyrimidine, bis-(1-phynelisopropyl) amine, N-formylamphetamine and N,N-di (b-phenylisopropyl) amines were identified in the amphetamine samples, indicating Leuckart’s pathway as the route of synthesis. Because P2P was also detected in the methamphetamine samples, the possible route of synthesis of the methamphetamine samples being Leuckart’s, nitrostyrene synthesis or reductive amination could not be ruled out. Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2017-01 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://journalarticle.ukm.my/10604/1/19%20Wan%20Nur%20Syuhaila.pdf Wan Nur Syuhaila Mat Desa, and Dzulkiflee Ismail, (2017) Impurity profiling of amphetamine and methamphetamine using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) harmonised methods. Sains Malaysiana, 46 (1). pp. 149-156. ISSN 0126-6039 http://www.ukm.my/jsm/english_journals/vol46num1_2017/contentsVol46num1_2017.html
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	Universiti Kebangasaan Malaysia
building	UKM Institutional Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English
description	Impurity profiling of drug seizures is a scientific approach employed to understand drug trafficking networks thus has becoming increasingly important in criminal investigation. This paper presents the feasibility of using the Collaborative Harmonisation of Methods for the Profiling of AmphetamineType Stimulants (CHAMP) established by the European Commission authority for impurity profiling of amphetamine and methamphetamine samples. Both drugs were analysed using similar extraction procedure and analytical conditions. The impurities were extracted from an alkaline buffer solution (pH8.1) using toluene prior to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses. The results showed that the reproducibility of the method for detecting amphetamine and methamphetamine ranged between 7.4-8.9 and 6.2-8.4 %RSD, respectively. Identification of impurities was performed by referencing against the available MS databases as well as to previous reported impurity profiling studies. Phenyl-2-propanone (P2P), also known as benzyl-methyl-ketone (BMK), as well as other specific impurities such as 4-methyl-5-phenylpyrimidine, bis-(1-phynelisopropyl) amine, N-formylamphetamine and N,N-di (b-phenylisopropyl) amines were identified in the amphetamine samples, indicating Leuckart’s pathway as the route of synthesis. Because P2P was also detected in the methamphetamine samples, the possible route of synthesis of the methamphetamine samples being Leuckart’s, nitrostyrene synthesis or reductive amination could not be ruled out.
format	Article
author	Wan Nur Syuhaila Mat Desa, Dzulkiflee Ismail,
spellingShingle	Wan Nur Syuhaila Mat Desa, Dzulkiflee Ismail, Impurity profiling of amphetamine and methamphetamine using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) harmonised methods
author_facet	Wan Nur Syuhaila Mat Desa, Dzulkiflee Ismail,
author_sort	Wan Nur Syuhaila Mat Desa,
title	Impurity profiling of amphetamine and methamphetamine using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) harmonised methods
title_short	Impurity profiling of amphetamine and methamphetamine using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) harmonised methods
title_full	Impurity profiling of amphetamine and methamphetamine using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) harmonised methods
title_fullStr	Impurity profiling of amphetamine and methamphetamine using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) harmonised methods
title_full_unstemmed	Impurity profiling of amphetamine and methamphetamine using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) harmonised methods
title_sort	impurity profiling of amphetamine and methamphetamine using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (gcms) harmonised methods
publisher	Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
publishDate	2017
url	http://journalarticle.ukm.my/10604/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/10604/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/10604/1/19%20Wan%20Nur%20Syuhaila.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T19:57:56Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T19:57:56Z
_version_	1777406654338301952

Impurity profiling of amphetamine and methamphetamine using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) harmonised methods

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