The causal relationship between infant mortality rate, health expenditure and economic growth in India

Introduction The Infant Mortality Rate defined as the risk for a live born child to die before its first birthday, is known to be one of the most sensitive and commonly used indicators of the social and economic development of a nation. This paper investigates the causal relationship between infant...

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Main Authors:	Sharankumar Holyachi, Prakash R. Kengnal
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Jabatan Kesihatan Masyarakat, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2017
Online Access:	http://journalarticle.ukm.my/11573/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/11573/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/11573/1/34-503-1-PB.pdf

id	ukm-11573
recordtype	eprints
spelling	ukm-115732018-04-13T15:59:34Z http://journalarticle.ukm.my/11573/ The causal relationship between infant mortality rate, health expenditure and economic growth in India Sharankumar Holyachi, Prakash R. Kengnal, Introduction The Infant Mortality Rate defined as the risk for a live born child to die before its first birthday, is known to be one of the most sensitive and commonly used indicators of the social and economic development of a nation. This paper investigates the causal relationship between infant mortality rate, economic growth and private health expenditure [% Gross Domestic Product (GDP)] in India using the co-integration and Granger causality frameworks for the period from 1995 to 2013 using secondary data from various sources. Methods We have examined the presence of a long-run equilibrium relationship using the bounds testing approach to co-integration within the Unrestricted Error- Correction Model (UECM). We have also examined the direction of causality between infant mortality rate, economic growth and private health expenditure (% GDP) in India using the Granger causality test within the Vector Error-Correction Model (VECM). Results and Conclusions As a summary of the empirical findings, we find the Infant Mortality Rate (IMR), Per-Capita Gross Domestic Product (PCGDP) and private health expenditure (% GDP) are co-integrated. The results of Granger Causality suggested that no short-run effect was existing between all the three variables. The error-correction term implies that the variable is non-explosive and long-run equilibrium relationship is attainable. Jabatan Kesihatan Masyarakat, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2017 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://journalarticle.ukm.my/11573/1/34-503-1-PB.pdf Sharankumar Holyachi, and Prakash R. Kengnal, (2017) The causal relationship between infant mortality rate, health expenditure and economic growth in India. International Journal of Public Health Research, 7 (1). pp. 799-806. ISSN 2232-0245 http://spaj.ukm.my/ijphr/index.php/ijphr/issue/view/7
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	Universiti Kebangasaan Malaysia
building	UKM Institutional Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English
description	Introduction The Infant Mortality Rate defined as the risk for a live born child to die before its first birthday, is known to be one of the most sensitive and commonly used indicators of the social and economic development of a nation. This paper investigates the causal relationship between infant mortality rate, economic growth and private health expenditure [% Gross Domestic Product (GDP)] in India using the co-integration and Granger causality frameworks for the period from 1995 to 2013 using secondary data from various sources. Methods We have examined the presence of a long-run equilibrium relationship using the bounds testing approach to co-integration within the Unrestricted Error- Correction Model (UECM). We have also examined the direction of causality between infant mortality rate, economic growth and private health expenditure (% GDP) in India using the Granger causality test within the Vector Error-Correction Model (VECM). Results and Conclusions As a summary of the empirical findings, we find the Infant Mortality Rate (IMR), Per-Capita Gross Domestic Product (PCGDP) and private health expenditure (% GDP) are co-integrated. The results of Granger Causality suggested that no short-run effect was existing between all the three variables. The error-correction term implies that the variable is non-explosive and long-run equilibrium relationship is attainable.
format	Article
author	Sharankumar Holyachi, Prakash R. Kengnal,
spellingShingle	Sharankumar Holyachi, Prakash R. Kengnal, The causal relationship between infant mortality rate, health expenditure and economic growth in India
author_facet	Sharankumar Holyachi, Prakash R. Kengnal,
author_sort	Sharankumar Holyachi,
title	The causal relationship between infant mortality rate, health expenditure and economic growth in India
title_short	The causal relationship between infant mortality rate, health expenditure and economic growth in India
title_full	The causal relationship between infant mortality rate, health expenditure and economic growth in India
title_fullStr	The causal relationship between infant mortality rate, health expenditure and economic growth in India
title_full_unstemmed	The causal relationship between infant mortality rate, health expenditure and economic growth in India
title_sort	causal relationship between infant mortality rate, health expenditure and economic growth in india
publisher	Jabatan Kesihatan Masyarakat, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
publishDate	2017
url	http://journalarticle.ukm.my/11573/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/11573/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/11573/1/34-503-1-PB.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T20:00:39Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T20:00:39Z
_version_	1777406825818226688

The causal relationship between infant mortality rate, health expenditure and economic growth in India

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