Identification of lumbar intervertebral space: palpation versus ultrasound technique among obese subjects

Accurate identification of the intervertebral space (IVS) is necessary during central neuraxial blockade, especially in spinal anaesthesia, to avoid untoward spinal cord injury. Ultrasound guided examination has been shown to be more accurate compared to palpation, but these studies were performed o...

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Main Authors:	Selvakumar A, Lee, Choon Yee
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2017
Online Access:	http://journalarticle.ukm.my/12264/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/12264/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/12264/1/3._selvakumar_et_al.pdf

id	ukm-12264
recordtype	eprints
spelling	ukm-122642018-11-02T21:17:55Z http://journalarticle.ukm.my/12264/ Identification of lumbar intervertebral space: palpation versus ultrasound technique among obese subjects Selvakumar A, Lee, Choon Yee Accurate identification of the intervertebral space (IVS) is necessary during central neuraxial blockade, especially in spinal anaesthesia, to avoid untoward spinal cord injury. Ultrasound guided examination has been shown to be more accurate compared to palpation, but these studies were performed on subjects of various body weights. We conducted our prospective observational study on obese subjects and compared the performance by anaesthesiologists of various levels of anaesthetic experience. Obese subjects with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2 scheduled for elective surgery were recruited following explanation and written consent. With the subjects in the sitting position, an investigator located the L3-L4 IVS by ultrasound and used an invisible ultraviolet marker pen to mark the upper border, lower border and midpoint (“Point M”) of the space. Two anaesthesiologists of varying levels of experience, categorized as Performer 1 and Performer 2, then located the L3-L4 IVS by palpation. The distance between this point and Point M was measured and recorded. Thirty-two subjects with mean BMI 35.4±6.0 kg/m2 were recruited. The mean intervertebral distance at L3-L4 on ultrasound was 1.5 cm [range 1.2-1.8 cm]. By palpation, the L3-L4 IVS was correctly identified by 56.3%, while a higher IVS was mistaken to be L3-L4 by 23.4% of all performers. The space was correctly identified by 50% of junior anaesthesiologists and 62.5% of the senior counterparts. There was fair agreement between the two categories, with kappa = 0.375 and p = 0.028. In conclusion, there was a sizeable discrepancy between the anaesthesiologists’ estimation by palpation and the actual location of the L3-L4 IVS by ultrasound among obese subjects. This observation was in fair agreement among anaesthesiologists of various levels of anaesthetic experience. The ultrasound-guided technique is useful for better identification of lumbar IVS especially in obese subjects. Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2017 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://journalarticle.ukm.my/12264/1/3._selvakumar_et_al.pdf Selvakumar A, and Lee, Choon Yee (2017) Identification of lumbar intervertebral space: palpation versus ultrasound technique among obese subjects. Journal of Surgical Academia, 7 (1). pp. 9-16. ISSN 2231-7481 http://jsurgacad.com/toc/7/1
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	Universiti Kebangasaan Malaysia
building	UKM Institutional Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English
description	Accurate identification of the intervertebral space (IVS) is necessary during central neuraxial blockade, especially in spinal anaesthesia, to avoid untoward spinal cord injury. Ultrasound guided examination has been shown to be more accurate compared to palpation, but these studies were performed on subjects of various body weights. We conducted our prospective observational study on obese subjects and compared the performance by anaesthesiologists of various levels of anaesthetic experience. Obese subjects with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2 scheduled for elective surgery were recruited following explanation and written consent. With the subjects in the sitting position, an investigator located the L3-L4 IVS by ultrasound and used an invisible ultraviolet marker pen to mark the upper border, lower border and midpoint (“Point M”) of the space. Two anaesthesiologists of varying levels of experience, categorized as Performer 1 and Performer 2, then located the L3-L4 IVS by palpation. The distance between this point and Point M was measured and recorded. Thirty-two subjects with mean BMI 35.4±6.0 kg/m2 were recruited. The mean intervertebral distance at L3-L4 on ultrasound was 1.5 cm [range 1.2-1.8 cm]. By palpation, the L3-L4 IVS was correctly identified by 56.3%, while a higher IVS was mistaken to be L3-L4 by 23.4% of all performers. The space was correctly identified by 50% of junior anaesthesiologists and 62.5% of the senior counterparts. There was fair agreement between the two categories, with kappa = 0.375 and p = 0.028. In conclusion, there was a sizeable discrepancy between the anaesthesiologists’ estimation by palpation and the actual location of the L3-L4 IVS by ultrasound among obese subjects. This observation was in fair agreement among anaesthesiologists of various levels of anaesthetic experience. The ultrasound-guided technique is useful for better identification of lumbar IVS especially in obese subjects.
format	Article
author	Selvakumar A, Lee, Choon Yee
spellingShingle	Selvakumar A, Lee, Choon Yee Identification of lumbar intervertebral space: palpation versus ultrasound technique among obese subjects
author_facet	Selvakumar A, Lee, Choon Yee
author_sort	Selvakumar A,
title	Identification of lumbar intervertebral space: palpation versus ultrasound technique among obese subjects
title_short	Identification of lumbar intervertebral space: palpation versus ultrasound technique among obese subjects
title_full	Identification of lumbar intervertebral space: palpation versus ultrasound technique among obese subjects
title_fullStr	Identification of lumbar intervertebral space: palpation versus ultrasound technique among obese subjects
title_full_unstemmed	Identification of lumbar intervertebral space: palpation versus ultrasound technique among obese subjects
title_sort	identification of lumbar intervertebral space: palpation versus ultrasound technique among obese subjects
publisher	Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
publishDate	2017
url	http://journalarticle.ukm.my/12264/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/12264/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/12264/1/3._selvakumar_et_al.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T20:02:13Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T20:02:13Z
_version_	1777406924331941888

Identification of lumbar intervertebral space: palpation versus ultrasound technique among obese subjects

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