Sustainable urban ecosystems and quality of life: achievements in European countries
Urbanization produces profound transformations of human and natural ecosystems which have not been well understood in terms of both positive and negative impacts. The interrelations between urban planning, health, social, economic and environmental policies have been poorly articulated until re...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Environmental Management Society, Malaysia
2010
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| Online Access: | http://journalarticle.ukm.my/2295/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/2295/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/2295/1/Article4_Lawrence.pdf |
| Summary: | Urbanization produces profound transformations of
human and natural ecosystems which have not been well
understood in terms of both positive and negative impacts.
The interrelations between urban planning, health,
social, economic and environmental policies have been
poorly articulated until recently. Since the 1990s, and in
conjunction with policies and programmes implementing
sustainable development, several innovative initiatives
have been implemented. These include the Aalborg
Charter in 1994 leading to the Sustainable Cities and
Towns Campaign, the Aarhus Convention in 1998, and
the Aalborg Commitments in 1998. These initiatives and
achievements are summarized in this paper |
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