PM2.5 and associated ionic species in a sub-urban coastal area of Kuala Terengganu, Southern South China Sea (Malaysia)

PM2.5 and associated ionic species in a sub-urban coastal area of Kuala Terengganu, Southern South China Sea (Malaysia)

PM2.5 mass concentration and associated water-soluble ionic species in a sub-urban coastal area of Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia were investigated intermittently from year 2006 to 2009. A total of 78 weekly PM2.5 samples were analyzed. The mass concentration of PM2.5 exhibited annual, seasonal and diur...

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Main Authors: Norhayati Mohd Tahir, Koh, Meikee, Suhaimi Suratman
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2013
Online Access:http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6444/
http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6444/
http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6444/1/05._Norhayati_Mohd_Tahir.pdf
id ukm-6444
recordtype eprints
spelling ukm-64442016-12-14T06:41:11Z http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6444/ PM2.5 and associated ionic species in a sub-urban coastal area of Kuala Terengganu, Southern South China Sea (Malaysia) Norhayati Mohd Tahir, Koh, Meikee Suhaimi Suratman, PM2.5 mass concentration and associated water-soluble ionic species in a sub-urban coastal area of Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia were investigated intermittently from year 2006 to 2009. A total of 78 weekly PM2.5 samples were analyzed. The mass concentration of PM2.5 exhibited annual, seasonal and diurnal variations. Temporal distributions of rainfall, sporadic haze episodes and local air flow (sea breeze circulation) were factors controlling PM2.5 mass variations in the study area. Although the PM2.5 concentrations were increased during haze episodes in 2006 (August and October) and 2007 (October), their concentrations however, were still within the international guidelines. The average concentration of individual ions was in decreasing trend; SO42-> NH4+> K+> Na+> NO3-> Cl-> Ca2+. The concentrations of SO42- and NH4+ accounted for > 70% of the water-soluble aerosol mass. More than 80% of ionic species associated with PM2.5 are from non-marine sources. Major processes affecting the ionic composition of PM2.5 are biomass burning, crustal loading and sea spray. Air quality mitigation strategies should focus on anthropogenic activities emitting SO2, which promotes aerosol SO42- formation. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2013-08 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6444/1/05._Norhayati_Mohd_Tahir.pdf Norhayati Mohd Tahir, and Koh, Meikee and Suhaimi Suratman, (2013) PM2.5 and associated ionic species in a sub-urban coastal area of Kuala Terengganu, Southern South China Sea (Malaysia). Sains Malaysiana, 42 (8). pp. 1065-1072. ISSN 0126-6039 http://www.ukm.my/jsm/
repository_type Digital Repository
institution_category Local University
institution Universiti Kebangasaan Malaysia
building UKM Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
language English
description PM2.5 mass concentration and associated water-soluble ionic species in a sub-urban coastal area of Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia were investigated intermittently from year 2006 to 2009. A total of 78 weekly PM2.5 samples were analyzed. The mass concentration of PM2.5 exhibited annual, seasonal and diurnal variations. Temporal distributions of rainfall, sporadic haze episodes and local air flow (sea breeze circulation) were factors controlling PM2.5 mass variations in the study area. Although the PM2.5 concentrations were increased during haze episodes in 2006 (August and October) and 2007 (October), their concentrations however, were still within the international guidelines. The average concentration of individual ions was in decreasing trend; SO42-> NH4+> K+> Na+> NO3-> Cl-> Ca2+. The concentrations of SO42- and NH4+ accounted for > 70% of the water-soluble aerosol mass. More than 80% of ionic species associated with PM2.5 are from non-marine sources. Major processes affecting the ionic composition of PM2.5 are biomass burning, crustal loading and sea spray. Air quality mitigation strategies should focus on anthropogenic activities emitting SO2, which promotes aerosol SO42- formation.
format Article
author Norhayati Mohd Tahir,
Koh, Meikee
Suhaimi Suratman,
spellingShingle Norhayati Mohd Tahir,
Koh, Meikee
Suhaimi Suratman,
PM2.5 and associated ionic species in a sub-urban coastal area of Kuala Terengganu, Southern South China Sea (Malaysia)
author_facet Norhayati Mohd Tahir,
Koh, Meikee
Suhaimi Suratman,
author_sort Norhayati Mohd Tahir,
title PM2.5 and associated ionic species in a sub-urban coastal area of Kuala Terengganu, Southern South China Sea (Malaysia)
title_short PM2.5 and associated ionic species in a sub-urban coastal area of Kuala Terengganu, Southern South China Sea (Malaysia)
title_full PM2.5 and associated ionic species in a sub-urban coastal area of Kuala Terengganu, Southern South China Sea (Malaysia)
title_fullStr PM2.5 and associated ionic species in a sub-urban coastal area of Kuala Terengganu, Southern South China Sea (Malaysia)
title_full_unstemmed PM2.5 and associated ionic species in a sub-urban coastal area of Kuala Terengganu, Southern South China Sea (Malaysia)
title_sort pm2.5 and associated ionic species in a sub-urban coastal area of kuala terengganu, southern south china sea (malaysia)
publisher Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
publishDate 2013
url http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6444/
http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6444/
http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6444/1/05._Norhayati_Mohd_Tahir.pdf
first_indexed 2023-09-18T19:46:54Z
last_indexed 2023-09-18T19:46:54Z
_version_ 1777405960962179072

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