Density and diversity of water birds and terrestrial birds in man-made marsh, Malaysia

Density and diversity of water birds and terrestrial birds in man-made marsh, Malaysia

Many bird species are highly dependent on natural marsh habitat. Unfortunately this habitat is rapidly converted to other land uses. Therefore artificial or man-made marsh habitat may become an important alternative habitat for marsh dependent bird species. The main objective of this study was to de...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Zakaria, M., Rajpar, M.N.
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2013
Online Access:http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6551/
http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6551/
http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6551/1/18_M._Zakaria.pdf
id ukm-6551
recordtype eprints
spelling ukm-65512016-12-14T06:41:30Z http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6551/ Density and diversity of water birds and terrestrial birds in man-made marsh, Malaysia Zakaria, M. Rajpar, M.N. Many bird species are highly dependent on natural marsh habitat. Unfortunately this habitat is rapidly converted to other land uses. Therefore artificial or man-made marsh habitat may become an important alternative habitat for marsh dependent bird species. The main objective of this study was to determine the density and diversity of water and terrestrial birds at man–made marsh habitat at Putrajaya using distance sampling point count technique. A total of 20010 bird individuals of 102 species representing 31.05% water birds and 68.95% terrestrial birds were detected from March 2009 to June 2010. Density analysis showed that bird density is 0.64 + 0.02 birds ha-1 and range from 0.60 – 0.68 birds ha-1 at 95.0% confidence interval. It was found that terrestrial birds had a higher density 0.74 + 0.02 birds ha-1 than water birds 0.54 + 0.09 birds ha-1. For water bird species, the highest density was Black-crowned Nightheron; 2.92 + 1.80 birds ha-1 followed by Purple Heron; 1.55 + 0.93 birds ha-1 and Grey Heron; 1.05 + 0.13 birds ha-1. The lowest density was recorded in Pintail Snipe; 0.08 + 0.03 birds ha-1, Chinese Egret; 0.08 + 0.02 birds ha-1 and Great Egret; 0.07 + 0.08 birds ha-1, respectively. In terrestrial birds, the highest bird density was observed in Rock Pigeon 3.91 + 0.97 birds ha-1, followed by Eurasian Tree Sparrow; 3.72 + 1.03 birds  ha-1, House Crow; 3.69 + 0.33 birds ha-1  and Philippine Glossy Starling; 3.38 + 0.53 birds ha-1. The lowest bird density was recorded in Brown-capped Woodpecker; 0.07 + 0.02 birds ha-1 and Lesser Coucal; 0.09 + 0.03 birds ha-1. The result also shows that terrestrial birds had higher species diversity i.e. Shannon–Wiener index (N1 = 3.10), species richness i.e. Margalef’s index (R1= 8.23) and species evenness i.e. Pielou’s J index (E = 0.71) as compared with water birds (N1 = 2.04; R1= 8.23 and E = 0.65). This study indicates that man–made marsh is a suitable habitat for diverse avian species and thus should be protected in order to enhance the population of avian species. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2013-10 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6551/1/18_M._Zakaria.pdf Zakaria, M. and Rajpar, M.N. (2013) Density and diversity of water birds and terrestrial birds in man-made marsh, Malaysia. Sains Malaysiana, 42 (10). pp. 1483-1492. ISSN 0126-6039 http://www.ukm.my/jsm/
repository_type Digital Repository
institution_category Local University
institution Universiti Kebangasaan Malaysia
building UKM Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
language English
description Many bird species are highly dependent on natural marsh habitat. Unfortunately this habitat is rapidly converted to other land uses. Therefore artificial or man-made marsh habitat may become an important alternative habitat for marsh dependent bird species. The main objective of this study was to determine the density and diversity of water and terrestrial birds at man–made marsh habitat at Putrajaya using distance sampling point count technique. A total of 20010 bird individuals of 102 species representing 31.05% water birds and 68.95% terrestrial birds were detected from March 2009 to June 2010. Density analysis showed that bird density is 0.64 + 0.02 birds ha-1 and range from 0.60 – 0.68 birds ha-1 at 95.0% confidence interval. It was found that terrestrial birds had a higher density 0.74 + 0.02 birds ha-1 than water birds 0.54 + 0.09 birds ha-1. For water bird species, the highest density was Black-crowned Nightheron; 2.92 + 1.80 birds ha-1 followed by Purple Heron; 1.55 + 0.93 birds ha-1 and Grey Heron; 1.05 + 0.13 birds ha-1. The lowest density was recorded in Pintail Snipe; 0.08 + 0.03 birds ha-1, Chinese Egret; 0.08 + 0.02 birds ha-1 and Great Egret; 0.07 + 0.08 birds ha-1, respectively. In terrestrial birds, the highest bird density was observed in Rock Pigeon 3.91 + 0.97 birds ha-1, followed by Eurasian Tree Sparrow; 3.72 + 1.03 birds  ha-1, House Crow; 3.69 + 0.33 birds ha-1  and Philippine Glossy Starling; 3.38 + 0.53 birds ha-1. The lowest bird density was recorded in Brown-capped Woodpecker; 0.07 + 0.02 birds ha-1 and Lesser Coucal; 0.09 + 0.03 birds ha-1. The result also shows that terrestrial birds had higher species diversity i.e. Shannon–Wiener index (N1 = 3.10), species richness i.e. Margalef’s index (R1= 8.23) and species evenness i.e. Pielou’s J index (E = 0.71) as compared with water birds (N1 = 2.04; R1= 8.23 and E = 0.65). This study indicates that man–made marsh is a suitable habitat for diverse avian species and thus should be protected in order to enhance the population of avian species.
format Article
author Zakaria, M.
Rajpar, M.N.
spellingShingle Zakaria, M.
Rajpar, M.N.
Density and diversity of water birds and terrestrial birds in man-made marsh, Malaysia
author_facet Zakaria, M.
Rajpar, M.N.
author_sort Zakaria, M.
title Density and diversity of water birds and terrestrial birds in man-made marsh, Malaysia
title_short Density and diversity of water birds and terrestrial birds in man-made marsh, Malaysia
title_full Density and diversity of water birds and terrestrial birds in man-made marsh, Malaysia
title_fullStr Density and diversity of water birds and terrestrial birds in man-made marsh, Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed Density and diversity of water birds and terrestrial birds in man-made marsh, Malaysia
title_sort density and diversity of water birds and terrestrial birds in man-made marsh, malaysia
publisher Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
publishDate 2013
url http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6551/
http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6551/
http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6551/1/18_M._Zakaria.pdf
first_indexed 2023-09-18T19:47:14Z
last_indexed 2023-09-18T19:47:14Z
_version_ 1777405982082596864

Similar Items