Growth Characteristics, Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiencies of Spinach in Different Water and Nitrogen Levels

Water deficit and environmental pollution owing to excessive nitrogen use have caused considerable attention. In a field experiment, a combination of three water levels (20, 40 and 60 cm) and nitrogen fertilizer rates (0, 85 and 170 kg ha-1) was applied. The main objectives of this study were to opt...

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Main Authors:	Jinxiu, Zhang, Zhigang, Bei, Yi, Zhang, Linkui, Cao
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2014
Online Access:	http://journalarticle.ukm.my/8036/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/8036/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/8036/1/04_Jinxiu.pdf

id	ukm-8036
recordtype	eprints
spelling	ukm-80362016-12-14T06:46:00Z http://journalarticle.ukm.my/8036/ Growth Characteristics, Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiencies of Spinach in Different Water and Nitrogen Levels Jinxiu, Zhang Zhigang, Bei Yi, Zhang Linkui, Cao Water deficit and environmental pollution owing to excessive nitrogen use have caused considerable attention. In a field experiment, a combination of three water levels (20, 40 and 60 cm) and nitrogen fertilizer rates (0, 85 and 170 kg ha-1) was applied. The main objectives of this study were to optimize water and nitrogen application and exploit their interactive effects on the growth characteristics, yield and water and nitrogen use efficiency of spinach. The results showed that water and nitrogen significantly influenced average plant height and leaf area. Total aboveground biomass (TB) was affected by nitrogen fertilizer and TB decreased in water deficit. Adding nitrogen fertilizer amount resulted in higher leaf chlorophyll content and chlorophyll content obtained the maximum value in N2 treatment, but chlorophyll content was not affected by water deficit. Spinach yield was higher at N1 compared with N0 and N2 at all water levels. Abundant water supply resulted in the highest spinach yield, but yield reduced at lower water level (W3). The correlation analysis between spinach yield and leaf number was relatively weak (R2=0.58). On the contrast, the correlation analysis between spinach yield and leaf weight showed a correlationship (R2=0.91), indicating that leaf weight was the primary reason for yield increase in all treatments. Nitrogen fertilization significantly decreased NUE in all the treatments. WUE of spinach increased with adding nitrogen application in most conditions. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2014-11 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://journalarticle.ukm.my/8036/1/04_Jinxiu.pdf Jinxiu, Zhang and Zhigang, Bei and Yi, Zhang and Linkui, Cao (2014) Growth Characteristics, Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiencies of Spinach in Different Water and Nitrogen Levels. Sains Malaysiana, 43 (11). pp. 1665-1671. ISSN 0126-6039 http://www.ukm.my/jsm/
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	Universiti Kebangasaan Malaysia
building	UKM Institutional Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English
description	Water deficit and environmental pollution owing to excessive nitrogen use have caused considerable attention. In a field experiment, a combination of three water levels (20, 40 and 60 cm) and nitrogen fertilizer rates (0, 85 and 170 kg ha-1) was applied. The main objectives of this study were to optimize water and nitrogen application and exploit their interactive effects on the growth characteristics, yield and water and nitrogen use efficiency of spinach. The results showed that water and nitrogen significantly influenced average plant height and leaf area. Total aboveground biomass (TB) was affected by nitrogen fertilizer and TB decreased in water deficit. Adding nitrogen fertilizer amount resulted in higher leaf chlorophyll content and chlorophyll content obtained the maximum value in N2 treatment, but chlorophyll content was not affected by water deficit. Spinach yield was higher at N1 compared with N0 and N2 at all water levels. Abundant water supply resulted in the highest spinach yield, but yield reduced at lower water level (W3). The correlation analysis between spinach yield and leaf number was relatively weak (R2=0.58). On the contrast, the correlation analysis between spinach yield and leaf weight showed a correlationship (R2=0.91), indicating that leaf weight was the primary reason for yield increase in all treatments. Nitrogen fertilization significantly decreased NUE in all the treatments. WUE of spinach increased with adding nitrogen application in most conditions.
format	Article
author	Jinxiu, Zhang Zhigang, Bei Yi, Zhang Linkui, Cao
spellingShingle	Jinxiu, Zhang Zhigang, Bei Yi, Zhang Linkui, Cao Growth Characteristics, Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiencies of Spinach in Different Water and Nitrogen Levels
author_facet	Jinxiu, Zhang Zhigang, Bei Yi, Zhang Linkui, Cao
author_sort	Jinxiu, Zhang
title	Growth Characteristics, Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiencies of Spinach in Different Water and Nitrogen Levels
title_short	Growth Characteristics, Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiencies of Spinach in Different Water and Nitrogen Levels
title_full	Growth Characteristics, Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiencies of Spinach in Different Water and Nitrogen Levels
title_fullStr	Growth Characteristics, Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiencies of Spinach in Different Water and Nitrogen Levels
title_full_unstemmed	Growth Characteristics, Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiencies of Spinach in Different Water and Nitrogen Levels
title_sort	growth characteristics, water and nitrogen use efficiencies of spinach in different water and nitrogen levels
publisher	Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
publishDate	2014
url	http://journalarticle.ukm.my/8036/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/8036/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/8036/1/04_Jinxiu.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T19:51:19Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T19:51:19Z
_version_	1777406238806507520

Growth Characteristics, Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiencies of Spinach in Different Water and Nitrogen Levels

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