Esterification of Free Fatty Acid in Used Cooking Oil Using Gelular Exchange Resin as Catalysts

The esterification of free fatty acids (FFA) in used cooking oil was investigated using gelular ion exchange resins, SK104H and SK1BH catalysts. Characterization methods such as Fourier transform-infra red (FT-IR) spectroscopy, particle size distribution (PSD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), el...

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Main Authors:	Nursofia, Mohd Yunus, Nurul Asmawati, Roslan, Chin, S. Y., Sumaiya, Zainal Abidin
Format:	Article
Language:	English English
Published:	Elsevier Ltd 2016
Subjects:	TP Chemical technology
Online Access:	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/13866/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/13866/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/13866/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/13866/1/Esterification%20of%20Free%20Fatty%20Acid%20in%20Used%20Cooking%20Oil%20Using%20Gelular%20Exchange%20Resin%20as%20Catalysts.pdf http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/13866/7/fkksa-2016-sumaiya-estirification%20of%20free%20fatty.pdf

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spelling	ump-138662017-12-14T02:41:34Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/13866/ Esterification of Free Fatty Acid in Used Cooking Oil Using Gelular Exchange Resin as Catalysts Nursofia, Mohd Yunus Nurul Asmawati, Roslan Chin, S. Y. Sumaiya, Zainal Abidin TP Chemical technology The esterification of free fatty acids (FFA) in used cooking oil was investigated using gelular ion exchange resins, SK104H and SK1BH catalysts. Characterization methods such as Fourier transform-infra red (FT-IR) spectroscopy, particle size distribution (PSD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elemental analysis (CHNS) and acid capacity analysis were conducted to determine the physicochemical properties of the catalysts. These catalysts were then subjected to a screening study to select the best performance catalyst, which further subjected to esterification reaction using one-variable-at-a-time (OVAAT) method. Using OVAAT method, the effect of mass transfer resistance, catalyst loading, reaction temperature and methanol to oil mass ratio were studied to optimize esterification reaction conditions. The conversion of FFA in the used cooking oil was successfully achieved 88% under optimal conditions of 18:1 methanol to oil mass ratio, reaction temperature of 60oC, catalyst loading of 3.0 wt. % and 300 rpm of stirring speed. Excellence catalytic performance may attributed to the smallest average particle size, high sulfur content and high acid capacity value of SK104H, resulting high conversion of FFA. Elsevier Ltd 2016 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/13866/1/Esterification%20of%20Free%20Fatty%20Acid%20in%20Used%20Cooking%20Oil%20Using%20Gelular%20Exchange%20Resin%20as%20Catalysts.pdf application/pdf en cc_by_nc_nd http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/13866/7/fkksa-2016-sumaiya-estirification%20of%20free%20fatty.pdf Nursofia, Mohd Yunus and Nurul Asmawati, Roslan and Chin, S. Y. and Sumaiya, Zainal Abidin (2016) Esterification of Free Fatty Acid in Used Cooking Oil Using Gelular Exchange Resin as Catalysts. Procedia Engineering, 148. pp. 1274-1281. ISSN 1877-7058 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2016.06.450 doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2016.06.450
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	Universiti Malaysia Pahang
building	UMP Institutional Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English English
topic	TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle	TP Chemical technology Nursofia, Mohd Yunus Nurul Asmawati, Roslan Chin, S. Y. Sumaiya, Zainal Abidin Esterification of Free Fatty Acid in Used Cooking Oil Using Gelular Exchange Resin as Catalysts
description	The esterification of free fatty acids (FFA) in used cooking oil was investigated using gelular ion exchange resins, SK104H and SK1BH catalysts. Characterization methods such as Fourier transform-infra red (FT-IR) spectroscopy, particle size distribution (PSD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elemental analysis (CHNS) and acid capacity analysis were conducted to determine the physicochemical properties of the catalysts. These catalysts were then subjected to a screening study to select the best performance catalyst, which further subjected to esterification reaction using one-variable-at-a-time (OVAAT) method. Using OVAAT method, the effect of mass transfer resistance, catalyst loading, reaction temperature and methanol to oil mass ratio were studied to optimize esterification reaction conditions. The conversion of FFA in the used cooking oil was successfully achieved 88% under optimal conditions of 18:1 methanol to oil mass ratio, reaction temperature of 60oC, catalyst loading of 3.0 wt. % and 300 rpm of stirring speed. Excellence catalytic performance may attributed to the smallest average particle size, high sulfur content and high acid capacity value of SK104H, resulting high conversion of FFA.
format	Article
author	Nursofia, Mohd Yunus Nurul Asmawati, Roslan Chin, S. Y. Sumaiya, Zainal Abidin
author_facet	Nursofia, Mohd Yunus Nurul Asmawati, Roslan Chin, S. Y. Sumaiya, Zainal Abidin
author_sort	Nursofia, Mohd Yunus
title	Esterification of Free Fatty Acid in Used Cooking Oil Using Gelular Exchange Resin as Catalysts
title_short	Esterification of Free Fatty Acid in Used Cooking Oil Using Gelular Exchange Resin as Catalysts
title_full	Esterification of Free Fatty Acid in Used Cooking Oil Using Gelular Exchange Resin as Catalysts
title_fullStr	Esterification of Free Fatty Acid in Used Cooking Oil Using Gelular Exchange Resin as Catalysts
title_full_unstemmed	Esterification of Free Fatty Acid in Used Cooking Oil Using Gelular Exchange Resin as Catalysts
title_sort	esterification of free fatty acid in used cooking oil using gelular exchange resin as catalysts
publisher	Elsevier Ltd
publishDate	2016
url	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/13866/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/13866/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/13866/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/13866/1/Esterification%20of%20Free%20Fatty%20Acid%20in%20Used%20Cooking%20Oil%20Using%20Gelular%20Exchange%20Resin%20as%20Catalysts.pdf http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/13866/7/fkksa-2016-sumaiya-estirification%20of%20free%20fatty.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T22:16:57Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T22:16:57Z
_version_	1777415401159786496

Esterification of Free Fatty Acid in Used Cooking Oil Using Gelular Exchange Resin as Catalysts

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