Formulation and characterization of water-in-diesel emulsion as environmental friendly fuel

Water-in-diesel emulsion (W/D) fuel is an alternative fuel which can be employed in existing diesel engine without any further modification. Apart from retaining the high fuel to power efficiency of diesel engine, W/D fuel is also capable of reducing the amount of hazardous air pollutants in the exh...

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Main Author:	E, Soon Shen
Format:	Undergraduates Project Papers
Language:	English English English English
Published:	2016
Subjects:	TP Chemical technology
Online Access:	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/22647/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/22647/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/22647/1/Formulation%20and%20characterization%20of%20water-in-diesel%20emulsion%20as%20environmental%20friendly%20fuel%20-%20Table%20of%20contents.pdf http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/22647/2/Formulation%20and%20characterization%20of%20water-in-diesel%20emulsion%20as%20environmental%20friendly%20fuel%20-%20Abstract.pdf http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/22647/3/Formulation%20and%20characterization%20of%20water-in-diesel%20emulsion%20as%20environmental%20friendly%20fuel%20-%20Chapter%201.pdf http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/22647/4/Formulation%20and%20characterization%20of%20water-in-diesel%20emulsion%20as%20environmental%20friendly%20fuel%20-%20References.pdf

id	ump-22647
recordtype	eprints
spelling	ump-226472018-12-13T02:13:27Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/22647/ Formulation and characterization of water-in-diesel emulsion as environmental friendly fuel E, Soon Shen TP Chemical technology Water-in-diesel emulsion (W/D) fuel is an alternative fuel which can be employed in existing diesel engine without any further modification. Apart from retaining the high fuel to power efficiency of diesel engine, W/D fuel is also capable of reducing the amount of hazardous air pollutants in the exhaust emission and usage of diesel fuel. This paper aims to formulate and characterize W/D as environmental friendly fuel with low economic cost and high stability. 36 emulsion fuel samples with different water concentration ranging from 10 to 25%, surfactant concentration of 0.5%, 1.5% and 2.5%, and also varying types of surfactants, namely Span 80, Triton X-100 and polyol based UMP surfactant (NS-16-2). The samples are then undergone gravitational stability test for 1 week duration and rheological characterization using Brookfield rheometer. Triton X-100 was ineffective to produce stable W/D emulsion, whereas Span 80 could be used to produce 10:90 W/D emulsion with 1.5% of surfactant concentration. NS-16-2 was found to be the most optimum surfactant whereby 25:75 W/D emulsion could be formulated using surfactant concentration of 2.5% and managed to remain stable for 1 week duration. The W/D emulsion were tested to exhibit non-Newtonian flow behavior, with its viscosity decreased with shear rate, indicating that it behaved as shear-thinning fluid (pseudo-plastic behavior). The viscosity of emulsions were temperature dependent over the temperature range of 30-70°C as they tended to decrease significantly under temperature. 2016-12 Undergraduates Project Papers NonPeerReviewed pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/22647/1/Formulation%20and%20characterization%20of%20water-in-diesel%20emulsion%20as%20environmental%20friendly%20fuel%20-%20Table%20of%20contents.pdf pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/22647/2/Formulation%20and%20characterization%20of%20water-in-diesel%20emulsion%20as%20environmental%20friendly%20fuel%20-%20Abstract.pdf pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/22647/3/Formulation%20and%20characterization%20of%20water-in-diesel%20emulsion%20as%20environmental%20friendly%20fuel%20-%20Chapter%201.pdf pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/22647/4/Formulation%20and%20characterization%20of%20water-in-diesel%20emulsion%20as%20environmental%20friendly%20fuel%20-%20References.pdf E, Soon Shen (2016) Formulation and characterization of water-in-diesel emulsion as environmental friendly fuel. Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang. http://iportal.ump.edu.my/lib/item?id=chamo:102813&theme=UMP2
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	Universiti Malaysia Pahang
building	UMP Institutional Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English English English English
topic	TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle	TP Chemical technology E, Soon Shen Formulation and characterization of water-in-diesel emulsion as environmental friendly fuel
description	Water-in-diesel emulsion (W/D) fuel is an alternative fuel which can be employed in existing diesel engine without any further modification. Apart from retaining the high fuel to power efficiency of diesel engine, W/D fuel is also capable of reducing the amount of hazardous air pollutants in the exhaust emission and usage of diesel fuel. This paper aims to formulate and characterize W/D as environmental friendly fuel with low economic cost and high stability. 36 emulsion fuel samples with different water concentration ranging from 10 to 25%, surfactant concentration of 0.5%, 1.5% and 2.5%, and also varying types of surfactants, namely Span 80, Triton X-100 and polyol based UMP surfactant (NS-16-2). The samples are then undergone gravitational stability test for 1 week duration and rheological characterization using Brookfield rheometer. Triton X-100 was ineffective to produce stable W/D emulsion, whereas Span 80 could be used to produce 10:90 W/D emulsion with 1.5% of surfactant concentration. NS-16-2 was found to be the most optimum surfactant whereby 25:75 W/D emulsion could be formulated using surfactant concentration of 2.5% and managed to remain stable for 1 week duration. The W/D emulsion were tested to exhibit non-Newtonian flow behavior, with its viscosity decreased with shear rate, indicating that it behaved as shear-thinning fluid (pseudo-plastic behavior). The viscosity of emulsions were temperature dependent over the temperature range of 30-70°C as they tended to decrease significantly under temperature.
format	Undergraduates Project Papers
author	E, Soon Shen
author_facet	E, Soon Shen
author_sort	E, Soon Shen
title	Formulation and characterization of water-in-diesel emulsion as environmental friendly fuel
title_short	Formulation and characterization of water-in-diesel emulsion as environmental friendly fuel
title_full	Formulation and characterization of water-in-diesel emulsion as environmental friendly fuel
title_fullStr	Formulation and characterization of water-in-diesel emulsion as environmental friendly fuel
title_full_unstemmed	Formulation and characterization of water-in-diesel emulsion as environmental friendly fuel
title_sort	formulation and characterization of water-in-diesel emulsion as environmental friendly fuel
publishDate	2016
url	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/22647/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/22647/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/22647/1/Formulation%20and%20characterization%20of%20water-in-diesel%20emulsion%20as%20environmental%20friendly%20fuel%20-%20Table%20of%20contents.pdf http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/22647/2/Formulation%20and%20characterization%20of%20water-in-diesel%20emulsion%20as%20environmental%20friendly%20fuel%20-%20Abstract.pdf http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/22647/3/Formulation%20and%20characterization%20of%20water-in-diesel%20emulsion%20as%20environmental%20friendly%20fuel%20-%20Chapter%201.pdf http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/22647/4/Formulation%20and%20characterization%20of%20water-in-diesel%20emulsion%20as%20environmental%20friendly%20fuel%20-%20References.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T22:33:51Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T22:33:51Z
_version_	1777416463831793664

Formulation and characterization of water-in-diesel emulsion as environmental friendly fuel

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